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Viewing cable 10ADDISABABA289, USAU: AU SUMMIT IN ADDIS ABABA -- OUTCOMES

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
10ADDISABABA289 2010-02-11 13:15 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Addis Ababa
VZCZCXRO0679
PP RUEHBZ RUEHDU RUEHMR RUEHPA RUEHRN RUEHTRO
DE RUEHDS #0289/02 0421315
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 111315Z FEB 10 ZDK
FM AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 7734
INFO RUEHZO/AFRICAN UNION COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEHBS/USEU BRUSSELS PRIORITY
RHEHAAA/NSC WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEPADJ/CJTF HOA PRIORITY
RUZEFAA/HQ USAFRICOM STUTTGART GE PRIORITY
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK PRIORITY 8065
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 02 OF 04 ADDIS ABABA 000289 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR AF/FO, AF/RSA, AF/E, AF/S, AF/C, AND S-USSE 
STATE ALSO FOR NEA/MAG, AND IO-UNP 
NSC FOR MGAVIN 
PARIS FOR WBAIN AND RKANEDA 
LONDON FOR PLORD 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 02/10/2020 
TAGS: PREL PGOV UNP UNGA UNSC NI AU
SUBJECT: USAU: AU SUMMIT IN ADDIS ABABA -- OUTCOMES 
 
*********************** 
* Missing Section 001 * 
*********************** 
 
 
ADDIS ABAB 00000289  002 OF 004 
 
 
and private investment, initiatives around which food 
security can be built.  "Nations survive when they can feed 
themselves," he concluded. 
 
5. (U) Mutharika segued naturally from agriculture to 
transportation infrastructure, saying that Africans should 
think of food on a regional, not national, basis, and must 
consider the importance of roads, railways, and interstate 
linkages to transport food across borders.  He lamented the 
"roads to nowhere" that result when nations build highways 
that stop at their borders and praised the U.S. interstate 
highway system.  "That's where we might ask you (partners) 
for assistance," he said.  Mutharika named energy as his 
final priority, emphasizing the need to link national power 
grids with regional ones to ensure consistent power supplies 
in Africa. 
 
6. (U) Responding to questions and comments from AUPG 
members, Mutharika stated that the issue of women cuts across 
all AU priorities.  "Every program should have women's 
participation," he said.  Mwencha later echoed this point, 
saying that gender should be mainstreamed into all AU 
activities.  On the role of the Peace and Security Council 
(PSC) in the agenda outlined, Mutharika commented that the 
whole of Africa is a sick continent.  He singled out Somalia 
as a place where "development has regressed," and underscored 
the need to find solutions with the Somalis, the 
international community, and Africans.  In general, the AUPG 
took it as a positive sign that Mutharika had already begun 
to engage with AU colleagues and partners on issues of mutual 
interest, and could clearly and succinctly state his 
priorities. 
 
------------------ 
PEACE AND SECURITY 
------------------ 
 
7. (U) The 2010 AU Summit also resulted in the election of 
new PSC members.  The AU Assembly appointed five countries, 
representing each of Africa's five regions, as PSC members 
for a three-year term beginning April 1: Equatorial Guinea, 
Kenya, Libya, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe.  Another ten countries 
were appointed for a two-year term: Benin, Burundi, Chad, 
Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Mali, Mauritania, Namibia, Rwanda, 
and South Africa.  Some observers at the AU Summit expressed 
concern over some of the newly-elected countries, such as 
Zimbabwe and Libya, questioning their suitability in light of 
problematic democracy and human rights records.  (Comment: 
PSC members are not, as a rule, supposed to use their 
membership as a platform to push their own, bilateral 
agendas, and therefore are not expected to change the overall 
tenor of the PSC's workings.  End comment.) 
 
8. (C) In advance of the Summit, the AU declared 2010 "The 
Year of Peace and Security in Africa."  The Assembly 
emphasized that this theme would provide African people, 
leaders, and institutions, as well as the international 
community, with an opportunity to strengthen peace efforts 
and launch new ones.  In Mwencha's wordsT%Ae=`'Vcomments to the AUPG, the mere 
mention of Somalia induced 
Ping to launch into a rant on the need for more troops, 
training, and financing, and to berate would-be donors for 
failing to pay funds pledged. 
 
9. (U) Ping also brought up Sudan, saying "the 
post-referendum period starts now" and warning that a 
decision for South Sudan to separate from the North could 
result in the resumption of war, particularly if the country 
is not prepared for it.  The framework for negotiations in 
Sudan was a recurring theme in many Summit bilaterals, with 
the AUC leadership emphasizing that former South African 
President Thabo Mbeki, as the lead on political dialogue, 
should be viewed as the "umbrella under which others 
operate." 
 
--------------------------------- 
UNCONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES IN POWER 
 
ADDIS ABAB 00000289  003 OF 004 
 
 
--------------------------------- 
 
10. (U) Because the AU Charter contains no provisions to 
address situations in which a leader obtains power via 
unconstitutional means other than a coup (for example, in 
Niger), the AUC was hampered in its capacity to handle 
non-coup seizures of power in Africa.  Recognizing this as a 
significant deficiency, the Assembly reiterated its 
categorical rejection of unconstitutional changes of 
government and took steps to institute additional punitive 
measures against offending governments.  The AU already has 
the ability to suspend offending countries from taking part 
in AU activities, but the Assembly added the following 
prescriptions: (1) Perpetrators of unconstitutional changes 
in government shall not be allowed to participate in 
elections to restore constitutional order; (2) any member 
state that instigates or supports an unconstitutional change 
in another country may be sanctioned; (3) the Assembly may 
implement economic and other sanctions as appropriate. 
Furthermore, the Assembly decided that member states should 
not accredit illegitimate authorities to non-African 
international bodies including the UN or UN General Assembly 
so that, in effect, governments that come to power through 
unconstitutional means will be suspended not only by the AU, 
but by other multilateral organizations as well.  Decisions 
to implement such measures are to be made in close 
consultation with regional entities. 
 
11. (SBU) The AU Summit Assembly addressed the issue of 
Madagascar, as a country in which constitutional order has 
yet to be restored.  Reiterating previously-expressed 
recommendations, member states from SADC presented a decision 
on Madagascar that calls for the Malagasy to implement the 
Maputo Agreement and the Addis Ababa Additional Act.  The 
decision also called for de facto President Andry Rajoelina 
to stop imposing unilateral solutions on the current crisis. 
On mediation, it acknowledged the efforts made by both SADC 
and the AU in returning Madagascar to constitutional order. 
At the same time, it underscored "the leading role played by 
SADC in the mediation process," and expressed support for 
SADC mediator Chissano and his team.  Given persistent 
tension between the AU, SADC, and the UN over the proper 
approach to Madagascar, SADC's proposed decision was a clear 
attempt to reaffirm its primacy in the mediation process.  At 
the February 3 Summit debrief, Ping admitted that some 
controversy surrounded Madagascar and complained that the 
"SADC Secretariat never comes" to the AU Summit.  Ping noted 
that there was "no debate on Niger," and summarized 
discussion on Niger, Guinea, and Zimbabwe by saying, "these 
issues had a good summit."  (Comment: Such comments, made 
despite the fact that the Summit reached no real solutions to 
the crises in these countries, call into question the AU's 
effectiveness when it comes to truly insisting on and 
upholding constitutional order in Africa.  End Comment.) 
 
-------------- 
CLIMATE CHANGE 
-------------- 
 
12. (U) Though member states raised many questions related to 
climate change, heads of state and government ultimately 
agreed to continue with the accord adopted in Copenhagen, and 
to participate in the Bonn Climate Change Talks in May/June 
2010 and the conference in Mexico in December 2010. 
According to Ping, "all await the mandatory treaty."  He 
conceded that some countries have resisted signing the 
Copenhagen accord, but the AUC "told them they couldn't hold 
others hostage" and appealed to them to "move in the 
direction of signing."  In a decision on the African Common 
Position at the Copenhagen Summit on Climate Change, the 
Assembly formally affirmed its intent to speak with one voice 
in future climate change negotiations and endorsed Ethiopian 
Prime Minister Meles Zenawi as the coordinator of the 
Conference of African Heads of State and Government on 
Climate Change (CAHOSCC). 
 
------ 
BUDGET 
------ 
 
 
ADDIS ABAB 00000289  004 OF 004 
 
SUBJECT: USAU: AU SUMMIT IQFGNd^voted to development, with the expectation that 
partners will contribute $133 million of this and member 
states will contribute the rest.  The Assembly voted to 
allocate $3,020,854 to the New Partnership for Africa's 
Development (NEPAD) to facilitate its integration into the 
AU.  Commenting on the 2010 budget, the AU's Head of the 
Division of Information and Communication said that she is 
pleased with the increase and that her department has 
received much-needed additional funds with which she plans to 
hire more staff members. 
 
-------- 
COMMENT: 
-------- 
 
14. (U) Overall, the AUC leadership, member states, and 
partner countries seemed satisfied with the outcomes of the 
2010 AU Summit, though it will remain to be seen if and how 
proposed initiatives are implemented.  As expected, the 
Summit's stated theme of Information and Communications 
Technology took a back-seat to more pressing issues. 
Ideally, the AU would like to spend less time on conflicts 
and crises, and more time on issues such as women's rights, 
good governance, and economic integration, as evidenced by 
the choice of "Shared Values" as the theme of the Summit in 
2011.  The fact of the matter, however, is that peace and 
security is likely to remain the AU's bread and butter for 
the foreseeable future. 
 
15. (U) Moving forward, this is an excellent time for the USG 
to work with the AU on advancing President Obama's emphasis 
on food security, given President Mutharika's desire to reach 
the goal of having no child die of hunger on the continent in 
five years and the proven success of the USG's relationship 
with Malawi on food security. The new AU chairperson is very 
pro-USA and is a positive advocate of the effectiveness of 
USG involvement on the continent. USG should take full 
advantage of the goodwill earned in Malawi to replicate the 
same goodwill on a continent-wide scale through the AU. 
YATES