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Viewing cable 10BANGKOK163, THAILAND SUPPORTS COPENHAGEN ACCORD BUT LAGS IN

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
10BANGKOK163 2010-01-20 07:19 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Bangkok
VZCZCXRO2626
RR RUEHAST RUEHCHI RUEHDH RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHLN RUEHMA RUEHNH RUEHPB
RUEHPOD RUEHSL RUEHTM RUEHTRO
DE RUEHBK #0163/01 0200719
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 200719Z JAN 10
FM AMEMBASSY BANGKOK
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 9624
INFO RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE
RUEHZN/ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COLLECTIVE
RUEHKT/AMEMBASSY KATHMANDU 7545
RUEHSV/AMEMBASSY SUVA 0524
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC
RUEHRC/DEPT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC
RUEHC/DEPT OF INTERIOR WASHINGTON DC
RHMCSUU/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC
RHHMUNA/CDR USPACOM HONOLULU HI
RHMFIUU/HQ EPA WASHINGTON DC
RUEHHM/AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH CITY 1058
RUEHCHI/AMCONSUL CHIANG MAI 7523
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 BANGKOK 000163 
 
SIPDIS 
SENSITIVE 
 
DEPARTMENT FOR SECC and OES: DNelson,RKastenberg,KLarsen 
COMMERCE FOR NOAA 
USDA FOR FAS 
STATE PASS TO USAID 
 
E.0 12958: N/A 
TAGS: KGHG KGCC SENV EAGR ECON ETRD TH
 
SUBJECT:  THAILAND SUPPORTS COPENHAGEN ACCORD BUT LAGS IN 
ASSOCIATING 
 
REF: A) State 3079 (B) 09 State 132367  (C) 09 Bangkok 3034 
 
BANGKOK 00000163  001.2 OF 003 
 
 
1. (U) SUMMARY AND COMMENT:  ESTHoff discussed COP15 with Thailand's 
lead climate change negotiator on January 13; Ref A demarche was 
delivered to Minister of Environment on January 14.  Both viewed the 
Copenhagen Accord positively.  The PM will chair an interagency 
meeting on January 21 to start the decision-making process for 
association.  It is unlikely that Thailand will associate by January 
31. The ongoing public/private process to determine Thailand's 
emission target and national actions also will likely not be 
completed by January 31.  The complexity of Thailand's economic and 
political landscape complicates the democratic decision-making by 
all stakeholders.  The Royal Thai Government (RTG) is hampered by 
lack of uniform metrics among government agencies and the private 
sector. The RTG requests U.S. technical assistance, rather than 
funds, to help it establish baselines for emissions.  As Thailand 
continues to play a leadership role in the ASEAN climate change 
working group, assistance to Thailand would be well placed. Thailand 
will host an ASEAN Climate Change Working Group meeting some time 
before January 31 to discuss association with the Accord. Post will 
continue to urge the RTG to associate by that date.  END SUMMARY AND 
COMMENT. 
 
2.   On January 13, ESTH officer met with Ms. Areewattana Tummakird, 
Director, Climate Change Strategies Division, Office of Natural 
Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP), Ministry of 
Natural Resources and Environment (MoNRE), to continue an ongoing 
discussion on the Copenhagen Accord.  Areewattana was Thailand's 
lead negotiator at the COP15 in Copenhagen and the previous COP15 
preparatory meetings.  The Prime Minister has charged Areewattana's 
office with the policy lead for national and international climate 
change analysis and action.  Both Prime Minister Abhisit and MoNRE 
Minister Suwit attended COP15. ESTHoff discussed Ref A demarche 
briefly with MoNRE Minister Suwit on January 14, and with MFA 
Americas Director Kanchana on January 15. 
 
ASSOCIATION WITH THE COPENHAGEN ACCORD 
-------------------------------------- 
3.  (SBU) Areewattana said that the Prime Minister, MoNRE Minister 
and she all viewed the Copenhagen Accord as a positive step. 
However, the Royal Thai Government's (RTG) decision to "associate" 
or not with the Accord could not be made until the RTG completed a 
stakeholder decision-making process that included the RTG 
interagency process, as well as consultation with Thailand's 
extensive private sector. Since the Conference of the Parties in 
Copenhagen (COP15), Areewattana's office has been analyzing the Thai 
situation, in the context of the Copenhagen Accord, to inform the 
interagency process.  On January 20, her office will convene a 
meeting of the RTG's "Climate Change Academic Committee" (which 
includes policymakers) to discuss COP15, the benefits for Thailand 
of associating with the Accord, a national emission target number 
and Thai actions. On January 21 the Prime Minister will convene the 
RTG's interagency working group on climate change to attempt 
decisions on these topics.  Areewattana does not expect final 
decisions on any of these points by January 31, but intends to have 
it all sorted out by the June UNFCC meeting in Bonn.  (Note: ESTHoff 
will keep in contact with Areewattana to field any questions for her 
interagency meeting on association, and will meet with her on 
January 22 to assess results of the interagency meeting, to identify 
any avenues for helping Thailand to associate by January 31.  End 
Note.) 
 
THAILAND'S EMMISSIONS TARGET AND NATIONAL ACTIONS 
--------------------------------------------- ---- 
4. (SBU) At COP15, Areewattana reported that the PM was pushing his 
negotiating team to come up with an emissions target, and her team 
had to explain that Thailand was just not ready despite interagency 
meetings in the weeks leading up to COP15.  Areewattana told ESTHoff 
that Thai officials felt that prior to associating with the Accord, 
there should be some agreement on Thailand's capacity to reduce 
emissions.  Determining a possible emission target is in turn 
complicated by the RTG's inability to formulate an accurate 
inventory of its emissions. 
 
BANGKOK 00000163  002.2 OF 003 
 
 
 
EMMISSIONS TARGETS: THAILAND VS INDONESIA 
----------------------------------------- 
5. (SBU) At COP15, the PM and others used Indonesia's announcement 
of an emissions target as a contrast to Thailand's complexity. 
Areewattana explained the differences with Thailand. Indonesia has 
relatively little industry that emits greenhouse gases.  Most 
Indonesian emissions are forest -related, with the vast majority of 
the forests in government hands. Thus on the one hand it is easier 
to measure emissions from one major source, and on the other with 
government control it is easier to commit to an emission target.  In 
Thailand, on the other hand, the emissions are from scattered 
industries, most of which are in the private sector.  Like the U.S., 
Thailand at the moment does not have firm legislation upon which to 
base an emissions commitment, and even if it did, Thailand's 
enforcement regime is not sufficiently developed.  To this one needs 
to add a robust environmental civil society which needs to be part 
of the national dialogue on emissions.  Thailand's extensive 
interagency process and government to private sector consultations 
are still ongoing and nowhere near ready for a solid decision. 
Areewattana said that the January 20 and 21 meetings would hopefully 
serve to make progress on the emissions goal, but in the meantime 
would at least reassure the interagency team that associating with 
the Accord was the right step in the short term. 
 
THAILAND'S PROBLEM: NO AGREEMENT ON BASELINE EMISSIONS 
--------------------------------------------- --------- 
6. (SBU) While Thailand's emissions are quantified by various 
organizations, Areewattana says her office does not have confidence 
in them, especially as emissions figures by the UN and other 
organizations are usually based on Thai figures that she knows are 
suspect. Within Thailand, the relevant ministries, for example, 
Energy, Industry, and Transportation, do not have uniform protocols 
for measuring emissions.  The RTG has trouble aggregating the 
disparate reporting and piecemeal reporting mechanisms. Some 
sectors, such as in forestry and waste management, are not 
sufficiently quantified.  It has become somewhat of an interagency 
impasse and Areewattana reported this difficulty as an area that the 
U.S. could provide expert assistance. 
 
THE ASEAN COUNTRIES 
------------------- 
7. (SBU) There will be a meeting of the ASEAN working group on 
Climate Change some time before January 31.  On the agenda will be 
the post-Copenhagen path towards COP16 in Mexico, as well as 
discussion of associating with the Copenhagen Accord.  Also to be 
discussed are common strategies for accessing Clean Development 
Mechanism funds.  Thailand will be pushing again a common ASEAN 
position on various climate change matters; this proved impossible 
at COP15 and will remain difficult since the various countries are 
so different in their mitigation and adaptation situations. 
Areewattana predicted that Singapore and Indonesia will associate 
with the Accord. Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei, Malaysia would basically 
like to associate but are working through decision-making processes. 
 The ASEAN nations are grouped in different ways. Vietnam, Burma, 
Cambodia, Laos, and Brunei are not big emitters, while Singapore and 
Indonesia are but for different reasons.  As she understood that the 
Philippines was about to announce an emissions target, Areewattana 
thought that the Philippines may also associate soon with the 
Accord. 
 
NEXT STEPS 
---------- 
8. (U) As the Thai interagency group discusses emissions baselines 
and targets, it will also have to grapple with how to pay for 
standardizing emissions reporting.  Areewattana noted that Thailand 
had a modest 1997 grant by the UN Global Environmental Facility 
(GEF) to help with its required national communication under the UN 
Framework Convention on Climate Change, but in recent years there 
has been no foreign assistance to assist with emissions inventories. 
 (Note: Thailand is executing a number of other GEF projects related 
to clean energy.  U.S. EPA assisted Bangkok with air pollution 
quantification and reduction but that program ended.  End Note.) 
 
BANGKOK 00000163  003.2 OF 003 
 
 
While Areewattana asked for U.S. assistance for emission 
inventories, after some discussion she admitted that Thailand does 
not need financial assistance so much as technical assistance.  The 
RTG still has some interagency coordination to develop. She noted 
that the Ministry of Agriculture only began focusing in 2009 on its 
role in climate change issues.  Thailand still has to adequately 
quantify emissions from crops and livestock methane generation, as 
well as the forest component. (Note: Thailand is in the process of 
reforestation after substantial deforestation in the 1980's that led 
to a 1989 logging ban. The national intent is to establish 
commercial sustainable logging at the appropriate time.  Post will 
use the visit of U.S. EPA Methane to Markets program officer and 
Post's Embassy Science Fellow, an agricultural climate change 
specialist, to give Areewattana's office some direction on 
agricultural emissions.  End Note.)