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Viewing cable 09BRUSSELS916, Commission Hosts Discussions on U.S. - EU Development

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09BRUSSELS916 2009-07-06 05:01 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY USEU Brussels
VZCZCXRO6295
RR RUEHAG RUEHBZ RUEHDF RUEHDU RUEHGI RUEHIK RUEHJO RUEHLZ RUEHMA
RUEHMR RUEHPA RUEHRN RUEHROV RUEHSL RUEHSR RUEHTRO
DE RUEHBS #0916/01 1870501
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 060501Z JUL 09
FM USEU BRUSSELS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC
INFO RUCNMEM/EU MEMBER STATES COLLECTIVE
RUEHZO/AFRICAN UNION COLLECTIVE
RUEHRN/USMISSION UN ROME
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA
RUEHSS/OECD POSTS COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 BRUSSELS 000916 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR EUR/ERA KESSLER, WILLIAMS 
STATE FOR EEB/IFD/ODF NUTTER, LAITINEN 
STATE FOR EEB/TPP/ABT/ATP CLEMENTS 
STATE FOR NSC GAYLE MURPHY 
USDA for FAS/OSTA Froggett 
USDA for FAS/OCRA Nenon 
State Pass to USAID FOR NNICHOLSON, NOMEARA, JHILL 
E.O. 12958:  N/A 
TAGS: EAID EIND ETRD SENV EUR ECON EAGR TPHY TSPL
SUBJECT:  Commission Hosts Discussions on U.S. - EU Development 
Coordination 
 
BRUSSELS 00000916  001.2 OF 004 
 
 
1. (SBU) SUMMARY: On June 15-16, the European Commission hosted a 
Technical Meeting on Development in Brussels.  The meeting was a 
continuation of a series of discussions between the U.S. and EU 
aimed at promoting a renewed trans-Atlantic dialogue on development. 
Sessions were held on food security, regional economic integration 
in Africa, and the development aspects of climate change, including 
both adaptation and mitigation.  USAID proposed several concrete 
next steps, including joint missions at senior policy levels in 
Africa focused on food security, EU-US meetings on the margins of 
various multilateral meetings such as the upcoming African Union 
Summit, an exchange of technical papers, and a more detailed 
discussion on aid effectiveness.  USG participants underscored the 
importance of tangible outcomes in the field arising out of any 
policy dialogue in order for it to hold interest for our senior 
policy makers.  END SUMMARY 
 
---------- 
BACKGROUND 
---------- 
2.  (SBU) Building on a series of informal discussions beginning in 
early 2009 in Brussels, Paris and Washington, U.S. and EU 
development officials agreed to hold two-day technical discussions 
on potential areas of cooperation and dialogue in Brussels in mid 
June.  The meetings, hosted by the Commission but also involving 
broad member state participation, focused on food security, regional 
integration, and the development aspects of climate change.  At 
various times, aid effectiveness and Millennium Development Goals 
(MDGs) also figured in the discussions. U.S. participants included 
State, USAID, and MCC, while the EU was represented by various 
elements of the Commission as well as almost all member states.  The 
United Kingdom made only a very brief appearance during the 
concluding session.  Talks continued during an EC hosted dinner on 
June 15 as well as in side conversations at the Commission on the 
afternoon of June 16. 
3.  (SBU) In opening remarks, USG interlocutors updated EU 
colleagues on current administration views on development.  Norm 
Nicholson, head of USAID's Bilateral and Multilateral Donor Division 
within its Office of Development Partners (ODP), stressed the new 
administration's commitment to engaging with multilateral actors. 
He also noted President Obama's interest in doubling the size of 
U.S. development assistance by 2015 and renewed commitment to the 
MDGs.  Richard Morford, Managing Director of Donor and Multilateral 
Relations for the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) described 
the MCC's work in some of the poorest countries in the world and 
said there is scope for greater cooperation.  All USG speakers 
reiterated that a policy dialogue for its own sake was not 
sufficient, that broad inter-agency participation in a series of 
discussions at many levels is essential, and that senior level USG 
participation in more formal sessions would be predicated on a 
demonstration that talks would lead quickly to tangible progress in 
the field. 
 
4.  (SBU) In response, Director for EU Development Policy Maciej 
Popowski agreed, emphasizing the need to continue in an operational 
mode.  He also highlighted the importance of a "whole of government" 
approach as well as a field-level focus.  Representatives from the 
outgoing Czech presidency underlined the importance of continuing to 
move toward a formal dialogue process and proposed further 
discussions at the next U.S.-EU task force.  Looking ahead to the 
Swedish presidency, the Swedish representative affirmed that the 
Swedish Presidency planned to invest "a lot of energy" in U.S.-EU 
development coordination. 
 
------------- 
FOOD SECURITY 
------------- 
 
5.  (SBU) The discussion of food security was energetic, broad in 
scope, and viewed by many as the most fruitful aspect of the 
meetings.  After listening to presentations on EU and U.S. 
initiatives, Popowski described both approaches as broadly similar. 
He also suggested that the true challenge lies in an effective 
field-level and country-led implementation of those strategies. 
Potential areas of cooperation raised by various EU member states 
included both field-level and policy issues: joint baseline studies 
and needs assessments; charting the transition from emergency to 
development; a focus on purchasing power; exchanging priority 
countries to identify overlap; the importance of private sector 
 
BRUSSELS 00000916  002.2 OF 004 
 
 
investors; early warning systems; and nutrition programs for 
pregnant and lactating mothers, infants, children and women. 
 
6. (SBU) USAID and Commission counterparts had a lively exchange on 
the role of social safety nets.  USAID and MCC officials noted an 
emphasis on social supports had distracted donors from focusing on 
economic growth strategies.  Economic growth produces revenues which 
help to sustain public sector expenditures on safety nets over the 
long run.  Commission officials agreed, but added a sole focus on 
production cannot be successful without supporting social mechanisms 
in parallel.  EC experts continued that access to food is a critical 
element, not only increased production.  Finland emphasized the 
crucial role of economic growth in alleviating food insecurity and 
highlighted the importance of coordination among all players 
involved. The US emphasized in response that food security was 
rooted in increased productivity and rising incomes, but agreed that 
food security was a broader concept than productivity increases and 
that these aspects were integral to the proposed U.S. approach. 
 
7. (SBU) In response, USAID proposed joint U.S.-EU missions at the 
senior policy level to selected countries in Africa to assess the 
effectiveness of ongoing food security initiatives in the field and 
look for ways to strengthen them.  Importantly, both sides should 
concentrate on areas where political will and technical ability are 
present.  A key outcome will be joint country visits to bring 
political and technical focus to produce country level efforts that 
work effectively and improve aid effectiveness. 
 
-------------------- 
REGIONAL INTEGRATION 
-------------------- 
 
8. (SBU) In contrast to the previous session, the regional 
integration discussion mostly involved an exchange of information 
without reaching conclusion on specific concrete plans aimed at 
promoting greater cooperation.  The Commission noted a desire for 
closer ties with USAID on two of their recent assessments covering 
energy and transport and water. 
 
9. (SBU) USAID emphasized the need for greater capacity building in 
the regional economic communities (RECs).  Various interventions 
cited a number of upcoming events that offer opportunities to engage 
such as the next AU Summit and World Trade Organization Aid for 
Trade meeting.  Lastly, USAID suggested a regional economic 
integration partnership, which would bring each side together to 
identify important and concrete areas to engage RECs. 
 
10. (SBU) Nicholson pointed out there is not "universal agreement" 
in Washington that a development dialogue is needed and exhorted 
attendees to craft a dialogue that would "make a significant 
difference" in the field.  He challenged the EU side to work with 
the U.S. to find areas of cooperation and to identify strategic 
issues "that are worthy of inclusion in the upcoming U.S.-EU 
Summit".  To that end, Nicholson offered to host meetings on the 
margins of the upcoming African Union (AU) summit to discuss 
regional integration in a practical context.  As a starting point, 
he suggested that the U.S. and EU could together pick one or two 
regions where greater U.S.-EU cooperation would make a difference. 
 
11. (SBU) In a separate side meeting afterwards, agreement was 
reached to jointly support a roundtable or conference on regional 
economic integration in Africa later in the year, possibly in 
November 2009.  Serious consideration will also be given to a donor 
coordination meeting in West Africa organized around the corridor 
development agenda and the related aid for trade agenda.  Such a 
meeting would require follow-up with ECOWAS to determine timing. 
Commission counterparts requested that the dialogue be focused on an 
exchange between head quarters for the time being.  The Commission 
also asked for an exchange of information on regional efforts and 
opportunities for cooperation around pastoral issues, especially in 
East Africa. 
 
-------------- 
WORKING DINNER 
-------------- 
 
12.  (SBU) The Commission hosted a small working dinner on June 15, 
resulting in some measure of progress and a general consensus that a 
 
BRUSSELS 00000916  003.2 OF 004 
 
 
renewed "development dialogue" could usefully engage a broad range 
of development actors in both the U.S. and EU.  The goal is to 
improve cooperation and achieve concrete, field-level results. There 
was broad agreement that such cooperation can benefit significantly 
from better discussions at the policy level (and vice versa) and 
that discussions need to involve all agencies involved in 
development-related work.  The necessity of rethinking the 
Millennium Development Goals (and beginning to think of possible new 
approaches after the 2015 MDG target date) was also discussed, with 
Popowski underscoring the "need to go beyond ODA as we now know it." 
Other topics of discussion included ways to engage with China in its 
role as an emerging donor and current U.S.-EU discussions 
anticipated in the lead up to several upcoming international 
events. 
 
13. (SBU) The link between the technical level dialogue and broader 
political level policy discussions is not entirely clear either 
within the EU or the U.S.  Nor is it entirely evident that the broad 
EU membership or the EU Presidency is necessarily the most 
appropriate context for some policy issues.  It was agreed that 
further discussion would be needed to develop a policy agenda and to 
discuss the value added of such a discussion within the 
transatlantic dialogue. 
 
-------------- 
CLIMATE CHANGE 
-------------- 
 
14.  (SBU) The second day of meetings opened with a session on 
climate change.  Commission officials suggested more focused 
cooperation in four main areas: adaptation; disaster risk reduction; 
reducing emissions for deforestation; and the integration of climate 
change concerns into national development strategies, focused on EU 
initiatives begun in the 2006-2007 timeframe.  William Breed, 
Director of the USAID Director Global Climate Change Team, stated 
that he was "reassured" by Commission comments about leaving the 
negotiations to the UNFCCC process and added that the U.S. also saw 
additional opportunities to work together.  He pointed to extenson 
of the SERVIR Earth Observations Hub as a platform for adaptation 
planning, greenhouse gas inventories, forest monitoring, and red 
tides as one possible venue, as well as jointly developing guidance 
manuals and tools for adaptation and several concrete opportunities 
for cooperation on clean energy.  Concerned that EU counterparts 
were speaking in overly general terms focusing on dialog rather than 
action on the ground, he requested a more detailed side conversation 
later in the afternoon, after the formal meeting was adjourned. 
 
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FINAL REMARKS 
------------- 
 
15.  (SBU) Ahead of final remarks, Jeff Hill, USAID's Senior Advisor 
for Agriculture within the Africa Bureau, put forward several 
concrete options for regional integration cooperation, including 
work related to development corridors, trade capacity building, 
value chains, scorecard methodologies and harmonization.  In closing 
for the U.S. side, Nicholson affirmed the usefulness of the 
discussion, noting that he saw opportunities for "modest, doable, 
concrete" areas of cooperation that could make a difference in the 
field.  He also suggested further talks around aid effectiveness, 
social safety nets, and the need to discuss donor approaches beyond 
the MDG target date of 2015.  Popowski agreed while also suggesting 
that the meetings "demonstrated a new spirit of cooperation" and he, 
too, saw a stronger commitment to continue in an operational mode in 
parallel with policy dialogue.  Czech Perm Rep Petr Halaxa 
underscored the opportunities for future cooperation and committed 
the outgoing presidency to maintain support for the development 
dialogue in its remaining weeks in office.  As the meeting 
concluded, Henrik Ceferin from the Swedish Ministry of Foreign 
Affairs stressed the need for concrete results and affirmed that the 
Swedish presidency will work to ensure that all member states are 
aware of the initiative and support it. 
 
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NEXT STEPS 
---------- 
 
16.  The U.S. as well as representatives from the Commission, Czech 
 
BRUSSELS 00000916  004.2 OF 004 
 
 
and Swedish presidencies and various member states committed to 
continuing the development dialogue in the months ahead.  Practical 
next steps include efforts now underway to launch joint field visits 
focused on food security issues in the fall.  Ongoing efforts to 
facilitate technical discussions with technical people in both 
Washington and Brussels will also proceed, as indeed happened only a 
few days after the Brussels meeting when the senior Commission 
official responsible for health policy and programs briefed USAID 
counterparts in Washington on EU approaches in this sector.  While 
not wishing to create new coordination structures, both sides will 
also look for opportunities to meet on the fringes of other 
international events involving senior development officials from 
both the U.S. and the EU.  Depending on interest, more focused side 
meetings on specific development issues can also be arranged. 
"European Development Days," scheduled to take place in Stockholm in 
late October, provides another opportunity to engage.  In this 
regard, the Swedish presidency informally raised the possibility 
that the new USAID Administrator, if confirmed by that time, might 
want to participate in a high level discussion with European 
development ministers that would likely take place on October 21 in 
Stockholm. 
 
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COMMENT 
------- 
 
17.  (SBU) The Commission, with support from the Czech and Swedish 
presidencies, has great interest in formalizing a high level 
dialogue on development, a dialogue that may well be in USG 
interests to support.  That said, issues of "who speaks for Europe" 
remain.  Most member states attended the meetings but major donors 
such as Germany and UK participated only briefly and contributed 
little to the discussion.  Also, the technical meetings at times 
reflected a tendency to speak in broad generalities, discuss policy 
concerns in ways that aren't rooted in field reality and focus on 
noble aspirations rather than achievable results. Side discussions 
revealed that Commission staff have little capacity or capability to 
engage in new activities, citing understaffing. There may be some 
near-term possibility to engage in workshops or to frame our 
suggestions as fulfilling EC aspirations.  Previous dialogue efforts 
between the E.U. and the US in the late 1990s foundered due to 
concerns that time spent talking only rarely resulted in concrete 
proposals or made a practical difference in the field. Looking 
forward, these elements remain vital and must be continually 
emphasized if this renewed effort to promote a trans-Atlantic 
dialogue on development is to succeed. 
 
 
MURRAY