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Viewing cable 09ANTANANARIVO160, MADAGASCAR: BACK TO THE BRINK -- BUT OF WHAT?

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09ANTANANARIVO160 2009-03-06 11:29 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Antananarivo
VZCZCXRO1971
OO RUEHBZ RUEHDU RUEHMR RUEHPA RUEHRN RUEHTRO
DE RUEHAN #0160/01 0651129
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
O 061129Z MAR 09
FM AMEMBASSY ANTANANARIVO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 2179
INFO RUEHZO/AFRICAN UNION COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK PRIORITY 0135
RHMFISS/CDR USAFRICOM STUTTGART GE PRIORITY
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHDC PRIORITY
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHRC/DEPT OF AGRICULTURE WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHLMC/MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORP  PRIORITY
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 ANTANANARIVO 000160 
 
SIPDIS 
 
 
STATE FOR AF/EPS AND AF/E - MBEYZEROV 
USDOC FOR BECKY ERKUL - DESK OFFICER 
TREASURY FOR FBOYE 
PARIS FOR RKANEDA 
LONDON FOR PLORD 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 09/02/2018 
TAGS: PGOV PREL PINR MEA UN
SUBJECT: MADAGASCAR: BACK TO THE BRINK -- BUT OF WHAT? 
 
REF: ANTANANARIVO 154 
 
ANTANANARI 00000160  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
Classified By: AMBASSADOR NIELS MARQUARDT FOR REASONS 1.4 B AND D. 
 
1. (C) Summary: The Ambassador, along with several other 
Chiefs of Mission, today again urged the former Mayor and the 
President to pursue dialogue, rather than violence, to find a 
resolution to the current political conflict in Madagascar. 
Reeling from an attack near and -- in his view -- on his 
residence by GOM security forces during the night, a shaken 
TGV made no promises, and questioned whether he would even 
survive the day.  For his part, the President came across as 
increasingly hardened and intransigent in seeking to "restore 
order" by force.  Nevertheless, negotiations continued today 
between representatives of the two principals to discuss the 
modalities of a national consultative conference (NCC) to be 
launched soon, possibly on March 12.  It is unclear today 
whether Madagascar is on the brink of a breakthrough through 
an expanded dialogue, or of another descent into violance. 
Another disquieting twist is the new and visible involvement 
of foreign (mostly South African, but also Israeli and Dutch) 
military advisers in the GOM's anti-protest efforts, which 
unfortunately has increased the danger of an anti-foreign 
backlash in the days to come.  A new warden message warns 
Americans of renwed tensions, and an EAC has been scheduled 
for Tuesday.  End summary. 
 
2. (C) The Ambassador, along with seven other Chiefs of 
Mission, met with a shaken former Mayor Andry "TGV" Rajoelina 
this morning.  This followed GOM forces' failed assault on 
his residnce last night, which appears to have been an 
attempt to arrest him.  Rajoelina, holed up in his 
well-guarded house, clearly believed that GOM forces were 
still in his neighborhood waiting for an opportunity to 
arrest or "eliminate" him.  In fact, rather than continuing 
the rally in the city center at the Place de 13 Mai as 
planned, he called for all of his supporters to come to his 
neighborhood today, presumably to create a human shield for 
his protection.  Unnerved by the night's events, TGV was 
unable (or unwilling) to articulate the movement's plans for 
Saturday and made no promises regarding the urging of the 
COMs to refrain from taking drastic action that could result 
in additional deaths, such as marching on the Iavaloho 
Presidential Palace outside the city.  The COMs further urged 
TGV and his team to continue the dialogue as a way forward, 
and to welcome expanding it to civil society under the 
so-called NCC process.  TGV argued that it wasn't possible to 
negotiate while Malagasy are being "slaughtered in the 
streets".  His "Finance Minister" claimed that the only way 
to force the President to listen was to freeze his assets in 
Holland, Germany, and New York City (no further detail 
provided), or to use the AU Qmmit, to which the President is 
extremely attached, as leverage.  TGV then produced copies of 
legitimate-looking documents from the Presidency listing the 
names of foreign "mercenaries" now in Madagascar advising the 
GOM's mixed security forces, including approximately seven 
South Africans, four Israelis, and one Dutch.  (He promised 
to provide copies, notably to the South African embassy.) 
Pictures of these apparent military advisors have appeared in 
the local press and TV and are generating a strongly negative 
public reaction.  The COMs cautioned TGV against making 
statements that could fuel a popular backlash against 
foreigners. 
 
3. (C) Following the meeting with TGV, the COMs continued on 
to what was a short meeting at Iavoloha with a visibly 
uncomfortable President Ravalomanana; unlike the last 
weeting, there was no jovial pretense of not being in the 
midst of a crisis.  The meeting went forward without EU 
Ambassador Jean-Claude Boidin, whom Ravalomanana pointedly 
disinvited less than one hour before the meeting for having 
sought permission for a visit to recently-jailed ex-Minister 
Rajivason in a local prison; he would have made that visit 
with the US and UN COMs.  The Dean (Vatican) opened with a 
short statement of our continuing interest in finding a 
peaceful solution through dialogue under UN and FFKM Church 
Council auspices.  The President expressed his gratitude for 
the riot gear and training being "provided by SADC" and added 
that he had spoken by phone last night with the King of 
 
ANTANANARI 00000160  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
Swaziland (current rotating SADC President), and promised him 
a rapid restoration of order here.  Ravalomanana also said he 
was open to a widened dialogue but said he would want first 
to approve the names of those included.  Speaking next, 
Ambassador Marquardt acknowledged the GOM's right to restore 
order, but lamented that the situation in the city had 
deteriorated rather than improved.  The Ambassador also noted 
the President's stated desire to regain donor confidence, 
confirmed that donor confidence indeed has been severely 
shaken, and stated that pursuing a successful dialogue 
process with broadened participation was the only way to get 
it back.  The visibly angry president questioned the 
ambassador's objectivity and suggested a lack of concern with 
constitutional solutions, to which Ambassador Marquardt 
reminded him that every diplomatic statement made so far had 
stressed strongly and clearly the need for a constitutional 
soluQon.  The meeting then ended abruptly, with no other 
interventions from other COMs.  Afterwards the diplomats 
raised with Foreign Minister Ranjeva our shared objections to 
the unwarranted retribution against our EU colleague. 
 
 
4. (C) Despite the intransigence of the two principals, their 
negotiating teams have continued to meet every day under the 
auspices of the FFKM Church Council.  They have moved away 
from discussing a bilaterally-negotiated settlement agreement 
to talking about the modalities of a national consultative 
conference (NCC) potentially to be launched on Thursday, 
March 12.  The NCC would include a broad array of political 
and economic stakeholders.  The FFKM said publicly on 
Thursday that it was launching the NCC, but without much 
detail.  Presumably the two delegations are now discussing 
proposed participation. 
 
5. (C)  Comment: The involvement of foreign advisers with the 
GOM's movements to stifle civil disobedience has the 
potential to cause a backlash against foreigners.  Post is 
issuing a revised warden message warning American citizens to 
avoid unnecessary movements in the city this weekend, and we 
plan to hold an EAC meeting to discuss this issue on Tuesday. 
 We continue to support a broad-based NCC as the only way to 
resolve the underlying causes of the current conflict and 
will continue to support the FFKM in this effort, both 
financially and through public statements.  End comment. 
MARQUARDT