Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 251287 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
AEMR ASEC AMGT AE AS AMED AVIAN AU AF AORC AGENDA AO AR AM APER AFIN ATRN AJ ABUD ARABL AL AG AODE ALOW ADANA AADP AND APECO ACABQ ASEAN AA AFFAIRS AID AGR AY AGS AFSI AGOA AMB ARF ANET ASCH ACOA AFLU AFSN AMEX AFDB ABLD AESC AFGHANISTAN AINF AVIATION ARR ARSO ANDREW ASSEMBLY AIDS APRC ASSK ADCO ASIG AC AZ APEC AFINM ADB AP ACOTA ASEX ACKM ASUP ANTITERRORISM ADPM AINR ARABLEAGUE AGAO AORG AMTC AIN ACCOUNT ASECAFINGMGRIZOREPTU AIDAC AINT ARCH AMGTKSUP ALAMI AMCHAMS ALJAZEERA AVIANFLU AORD AOREC ALIREZA AOMS AMGMT ABDALLAH AORCAE AHMED ACCELERATED AUC ALZUGUREN ANGEL AORL ASECIR AMG AMBASSADOR AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL ADM ASES ABMC AER AMER ASE AMGTHA ARNOLDFREDERICK AOPC ACS AFL AEGR ASED AFPREL AGRI AMCHAM ARNOLD AN ANATO AME APERTH ASECSI AT ACDA ASEDC AIT AMERICA AMLB AMGE ACTION AGMT AFINIZ ASECVE ADRC ABER AGIT APCS AEMED ARABBL ARC ASO AIAG ACEC ASR ASECM ARG AEC ABT ADIP ADCP ANARCHISTS AORCUN AOWC ASJA AALC AX AROC ARM AGENCIES ALBE AK AZE AOPR AREP AMIA ASCE ALANAZI ABDULRAHMEN ABDULHADI AINFCY ARMS ASECEFINKCRMKPAOPTERKHLSAEMRNS AGRICULTURE AFPK AOCR ALEXANDER ATRD ATFN ABLG AORCD AFGHAN ARAS AORCYM AVERY ALVAREZ ACBAQ ALOWAR ANTOINE ABLDG ALAB AMERICAS AFAF ASECAFIN ASEK ASCC AMCT AMGTATK AMT APDC AEMRS ASECE AFSA ATRA ARTICLE ARENA AISG AEMRBC AFR AEIR ASECAF AFARI AMPR ASPA ASOC ANTONIO AORCL ASECARP APRM AUSTRALIAGROUP ASEG AFOR AEAID AMEDI ASECTH ASIC AFDIN AGUIRRE AUNR ASFC AOIC ANTXON ASA ASECCASC ALI AORCEUNPREFPRELSMIGBN ASECKHLS ASSSEMBLY ASECVZ AI ASECPGOV ASIR ASCEC ASAC ARAB AIEA ADMIRAL AUSGR AQ AMTG ARRMZY ANC APR AMAT AIHRC AFU ADEL AECL ACAO AMEMR ADEP AV AW AOR ALL ALOUNI AORCUNGA ALNEA ASC AORCO ARMITAGE AGENGA AGRIC AEM ACOAAMGT AGUILAR AFPHUM AMEDCASCKFLO AFZAL AAA ATPDEA ASECPHUM ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
ETRD ETTC EU ECON EFIN EAGR EAID ELAB EINV ENIV ENRG EPET EZ ELTN ELECTIONS ECPS ET ER EG EUN EIND ECONOMICS EMIN ECIN EINT EWWT EAIR EN ENGR ES EI ETMIN EL EPA EARG EFIS ECONOMY EC EK ELAM ECONOMIC EAR ESDP ECCP ELN EUM EUMEM ECA EAP ELEC ECOWAS EFTA EXIM ETTD EDRC ECOSOC ECPSN ENVIRONMENT ECO EMAIL ECTRD EREL EDU ENERG ENERGY ENVR ETRAD EAC EXTERNAL EFIC ECIP ERTD EUC ENRGMO EINZ ESTH ECCT EAGER ECPN ELNT ERD EGEN ETRN EIVN ETDR EXEC EIAD EIAR EVN EPRT ETTF ENGY EAIDCIN EXPORT ETRC ESA EIB EAPC EPIT ESOCI ETRB EINDQTRD ENRC EGOV ECLAC EUR ELF ETEL ENRGUA EVIN EARI ESCAP EID ERIN ELAN ENVT EDEV EWWY EXBS ECOM EV ELNTECON ECE ETRDGK EPETEIND ESCI ETRDAORC EAIDETRD ETTR EMS EAGRECONEINVPGOVBN EBRD EUREM ERGR EAGRBN EAUD EFI ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ETRO ENRGY EGAR ESSO EGAD ENV ENER EAIDXMXAXBXFFR ELA EET EINVETRD EETC EIDN ERGY ETRDPGOV EING EMINCG EINVECON EURM EEC EICN EINO EPSC ELAP ELABPGOVBN EE ESPS ETRA ECONETRDBESPAR ERICKSON EEOC EVENTS EPIN EB ECUN EPWR ENG EX EH EAIDAR EAIS ELBA EPETUN ETRDEIQ EENV ECPC ETRP ECONENRG EUEAID EWT EEB EAIDNI ESENV EADM ECN ENRGKNNP ETAD ETR ECONETRDEAGRJA ETRG ETER EDUC EITC EBUD EAIF EBEXP EAIDS EITI EGOVSY EFQ ECOQKPKO ETRGY ESF EUE EAIC EPGOV ENFR EAGRE ENRD EINTECPS EAVI ETC ETCC EIAID EAIDAF EAGREAIDPGOVPRELBN EAOD ETRDA EURN EASS EINVA EAIDRW EON ECOR EPREL EGPHUM ELTM ECOS EINN ENNP EUPGOV EAGRTR ECONCS ETIO ETRDGR EAIDB EISNAR EIFN ESPINOSA EAIDASEC ELIN EWTR EMED ETFN ETT EADI EPTER ELDIN EINVEFIN ESS ENRGIZ EQRD ESOC ETRDECD ECINECONCS EAIT ECONEAIR ECONEFIN EUNJ ENRGKNNPMNUCPARMPRELNPTIAEAJMXL ELAD EFIM ETIC EFND EFN ETLN ENGRD EWRG ETA EIN EAIRECONRP EXIMOPIC ERA ENRGJM ECONEGE ENVI ECHEVARRIA EMINETRD EAD ECONIZ EENG ELBR EWWC ELTD EAIDMG ETRK EIPR EISNLN ETEX EPTED EFINECONCS EPCS EAG ETRDKIPR ED EAIO ETRDEC ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ERNG EFINU EURFOR EWWI ELTNSNAR ETD EAIRASECCASCID EOXC ESTN EAIDAORC EAGRRP ETRDEMIN ELABPHUMSMIGKCRMBN ETRDEINVTINTCS EGHG EAIDPHUMPRELUG EAGRBTIOBEXPETRDBN EDA EPETPGOV ELAINE EUCOM EMW EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM ELB EINDETRD EMI ETRDECONWTOCS EINR ESTRADA EHUM EFNI ELABV ENR EMN EXO EWWTPRELPGOVMASSMARRBN EATO END EP EINVETC ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID ELTRN EIQ ETTW EAI ENGRG ETRED ENDURING ETTRD EAIDEGZ EOCN EINF EUPREL ENRL ECPO ENLT EEFIN EPPD ECOIN EUEAGR EISL EIDE ENRGSD EINVECONSENVCSJA EAIG ENTG EEPET EUNCH EPECO ETZ EPAT EPTE EAIRGM ETRDPREL EUNGRSISAFPKSYLESO ETTN EINVKSCA ESLCO EBMGT ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EFLU ELND EFINOECD EAIDHO EDUARDO ENEG ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EFINTS ECONQH ENRGPREL EUNPHUM EINDIR EPE EMINECINECONSENVTBIONS EFINM ECRM EQ EWWTSP ECONPGOVBN
KFLO KPKO KDEM KFLU KTEX KMDR KPAO KCRM KIDE KN KNNP KG KMCA KZ KJUS KWBG KU KDMR KAWC KCOR KPAL KOMC KTDB KTIA KISL KHIV KHUM KTER KCFE KTFN KS KIRF KTIP KIRC KSCA KICA KIPR KPWR KWMN KE KGIC KGIT KSTC KACT KSEP KFRD KUNR KHLS KCRS KRVC KUWAIT KVPR KSRE KMPI KMRS KNRV KNEI KCIP KSEO KITA KDRG KV KSUM KCUL KPET KBCT KO KSEC KOLY KNAR KGHG KSAF KWNM KNUC KMNP KVIR KPOL KOCI KPIR KLIG KSAC KSTH KNPT KINL KPRP KRIM KICC KIFR KPRV KAWK KFIN KT KVRC KR KHDP KGOV KPOW KTBT KPMI KPOA KRIF KEDEM KFSC KY KGCC KATRINA KWAC KSPR KTBD KBIO KSCI KRCM KNNB KBNC KIMT KCSY KINR KRAD KMFO KCORR KW KDEMSOCI KNEP KFPC KEMPI KBTR KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNPP KTTB KTFIN KBTS KCOM KFTN KMOC KOR KDP KPOP KGHA KSLG KMCR KJUST KUM KMSG KHPD KREC KIPRTRD KPREL KEN KCSA KCRIM KGLB KAKA KWWT KUNP KCRN KISLPINR KLFU KUNC KEDU KCMA KREF KPAS KRKO KNNC KLHS KWAK KOC KAPO KTDD KOGL KLAP KECF KCRCM KNDP KSEAO KCIS KISM KREL KISR KISC KKPO KWCR KPFO KUS KX KWCI KRFD KWPG KTRD KH KLSO KEVIN KEANE KACW KWRF KNAO KETTC KTAO KWIR KVCORR KDEMGT KPLS KICT KWGB KIDS KSCS KIRP KSTCPL KDEN KLAB KFLOA KIND KMIG KPPAO KPRO KLEG KGKG KCUM KTTP KWPA KIIP KPEO KICR KNNA KMGT KCROM KMCC KLPM KNNPGM KSIA KSI KWWW KOMS KESS KMCAJO KWN KTDM KDCM KCM KVPRKHLS KENV KCCP KGCN KCEM KEMR KWMNKDEM KNNPPARM KDRM KWIM KJRE KAID KWMM KPAONZ KUAE KTFR KIF KNAP KPSC KSOCI KCWI KAUST KPIN KCHG KLBO KIRCOEXC KI KIRCHOFF KSTT KNPR KDRL KCFC KLTN KPAOKMDRKE KPALAOIS KESO KKOR KSMT KFTFN KTFM KDEMK KPKP KOCM KNN KISLSCUL KFRDSOCIRO KINT KRG KWMNSMIG KSTCC KPAOY KFOR KWPR KSEPCVIS KGIV KSEI KIL KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KQ KEMS KHSL KTNF KPDD KANSOU KKIV KFCE KTTC KGH KNNNP KK KSCT KWNN KAWX KOMCSG KEIM KTSD KFIU KDTB KFGM KACP KWWMN KWAWC KSPA KGICKS KNUP KNNO KISLAO KTPN KSTS KPRM KPALPREL KPO KTLA KCRP KNMP KAWCK KCERS KDUM KEDM KTIALG KWUN KPTS KPEM KMEPI KAWL KHMN KCRO KCMR KPTD KCROR KMPT KTRF KSKN KMAC KUK KIRL KEM KSOC KBTC KOM KINP KDEMAF KTNBT KISK KRM KWBW KBWG KNNPMNUC KNOP KSUP KCOG KNET KWBC KESP KMRD KEBG KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KPWG KOMCCO KRGY KNNF KPROG KJAN KFRED KPOKO KM KWMNCS KMPF KJWC KJU KSMIG KALR KRAL KDGOV KPA KCRMJA KCRI KAYLA KPGOV KRD KNNPCH KFEM KPRD KFAM KALM KIPRETRDKCRM KMPP KADM KRFR KMWN KWRG KTIAPARM KTIAEUN KRDP KLIP KDDEM KTIAIC KWKN KPAD KDM KRCS KWBGSY KEAI KIVP KPAOPREL KUNH KTSC KIPT KNP KJUSTH KGOR KEPREL KHSA KGHGHIV KNNR KOMH KRCIM KWPB KWIC KINF KPER KILS KA KNRG KCSI KFRP KLFLO KFE KNPPIS KQM KQRDQ KERG KPAOPHUM KSUMPHUM KVBL KARIM KOSOVO KNSD KUIR KWHG KWBGXF KWMNU KPBT KKNP KERF KCRT KVIS KWRC KVIP KTFS KMARR KDGR KPAI KDE KTCRE KMPIO KUNRAORC KHOURY KAWS KPAK KOEM KCGC KID KVRP KCPS KIVR KBDS KWOMN KIIC KTFNJA KARZAI KMVP KHJUS KPKOUNSC KMAR KIBL KUNA KSA KIS KJUSAF KDEV KPMO KHIB KIRD KOUYATE KIPRZ KBEM KPAM KDET KPPD KOSCE KJUSKUNR KICCPUR KRMS KWMNPREL KWMJN KREISLER KWM KDHS KRV KPOV KWMNCI KMPL KFLD KWWN KCVM KIMMITT KCASC KOMO KNATO KDDG KHGH KRF KSCAECON KWMEN KRIC
PREL PINR PGOV PHUM PTER PE PREF PARM PBTS PINS PHSA PK PL PM PNAT PHAS PO PROP PGOVE PA PU POLITICAL PPTER POL PALESTINIAN PHUN PIN PAMQ PPA PSEC POLM PBIO PSOE PDEM PAK PF PKAO PGOVPRELMARRMOPS PMIL PV POLITICS PRELS POLICY PRELHA PIRN PINT PGOG PERSONS PRC PEACE PROCESS PRELPGOV PROV PFOV PKK PRE PT PIRF PSI PRL PRELAF PROG PARMP PERL PUNE PREFA PP PGOB PUM PROTECTION PARTIES PRIL PEL PAGE PS PGO PCUL PLUM PIF PGOVENRGCVISMASSEAIDOPRCEWWTBN PMUC PCOR PAS PB PKO PY PKST PTR PRM POUS PRELIZ PGIC PHUMS PAL PNUC PLO PMOPS PHM PGOVBL PBK PELOSI PTE PGOVAU PNR PINSO PRO PLAB PREM PNIR PSOCI PBS PD PHUML PERURENA PKPA PVOV PMAR PHUMCF PUHM PHUH PRELPGOVETTCIRAE PRT PROPERTY PEPFAR PREI POLUN PAR PINSF PREFL PH PREC PPD PING PQL PINSCE PGV PREO PRELUN POV PGOVPHUM PINRES PRES PGOC PINO POTUS PTERE PRELKPAO PRGOV PETR PGOVEAGRKMCAKNARBN PPKO PARLIAMENT PEPR PMIG PTBS PACE PETER PMDL PVIP PKPO POLMIL PTEL PJUS PHUMNI PRELKPAOIZ PGOVPREL POGV PEREZ POWELL PMASS PDOV PARN PG PPOL PGIV PAIGH PBOV PETROL PGPV PGOVL POSTS PSO PRELEU PRELECON PHUMPINS PGOVKCMABN PQM PRELSP PRGO PATTY PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PGVO PROTESTS PRELPLS PKFK PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PARAGRAPH PRELGOV POG PTRD PTERM PBTSAG PHUMKPAL PRELPK PTERPGOV PAO PRIVATIZATION PSCE PPAO PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PARALYMPIC PRUM PKPRP PETERS PAHO PARMS PGREL PINV POINS PHUMPREL POREL PRELNL PHUMPGOV PGOVQL PLAN PRELL PARP PROVE PSOC PDD PRELNP PRELBR PKMN PGKV PUAS PRELTBIOBA PBTSEWWT PTERIS PGOVU PRELGG PHUMPRELPGOV PFOR PEPGOV PRELUNSC PRAM PICES PTERIZ PREK PRELEAGR PRELEUN PHUME PHU PHUMKCRS PRESL PRTER PGOF PARK PGOVSOCI PTERPREL PGOVEAID PGOVPHUMKPAO PINSKISL PREZ PGOVAF PARMEUN PECON PINL POGOV PGOVLO PIERRE PRELPHUM PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PBST PKPAO PHUMHUPPS PGOVPOL PASS PPGOV PROGV PAGR PHALANAGE PARTY PRELID PGOVID PHUMR PHSAQ PINRAMGT PSA PRELM PRELMU PIA PINRPE PBTSRU PARMIR PEDRO PNUK PVPR PINOCHET PAARM PRFE PRELEIN PINF PCI PSEPC PGOVSU PRLE PDIP PHEM PRELB PORG PGGOC POLG POPDC PGOVPM PWMN PDRG PHUMK PINB PRELAL PRER PFIN PNRG PRED POLI PHUMBO PHYTRP PROLIFERATION PHARM PUOS PRHUM PUNR PENA PGOVREL PETRAEUS PGOVKDEM PGOVENRG PHUS PRESIDENT PTERKU PRELKSUMXABN PGOVSI PHUMQHA PKISL PIR PGOVZI PHUMIZNL PKNP PRELEVU PMIN PHIM PHUMBA PUBLIC PHAM PRELKPKO PMR PARTM PPREL PN PROL PDA PGOVECON PKBL PKEAID PERM PRELEZ PRELC PER PHJM PGOVPRELPINRBN PRFL PLN PWBG PNG PHUMA PGOR PHUMPTER POLINT PPEF PKPAL PNNL PMARR PAC PTIA PKDEM PAUL PREG PTERR PTERPRELPARMPGOVPBTSETTCEAIRELTNTC PRELJA POLS PI PNS PAREL PENV PTEROREP PGOVM PINER PBGT PHSAUNSC PTERDJ PRELEAID PARMIN PKIR PLEC PCRM PNET PARR PRELETRD PRELBN PINRTH PREJ PEACEKEEPINGFORCES PEMEX PRELZ PFLP PBPTS PTGOV PREVAL PRELSW PAUM PRF PHUMKDEM PATRICK PGOVKMCAPHUMBN PRELA PNUM PGGV PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PBT PIND PTEP PTERKS PGOVJM PGOT PRELMARR PGOVCU PREV PREFF PRWL PET PROB PRELPHUMP PHUMAF PVTS PRELAFDB PSNR PGOVECONPRELBU PGOVZL PREP PHUMPRELBN PHSAPREL PARCA PGREV PGOVDO PGON PCON PODC PRELOV PHSAK PSHA PGOVGM PRELP POSCE PGOVPTER PHUMRU PINRHU PARMR PGOVTI PPEL PMAT PAN PANAM PGOVBO PRELHRC

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 08GABORONE719, USAID CLOSES OUT CBNRM PROGRAM IN NAMIBIA

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #08GABORONE719.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08GABORONE719 2008-08-20 10:04 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Gaborone
R 201004Z AUG 08
FM AMEMBASSY GABORONE
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5206
INFO SOUTHERN AF DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS GABORONE 000719 
 
 
DEPT FOR OES/PCI, OES/ETC, OES/FO, OES/ENV 
DEPT FOR AF/S, AF/EPS AND EEB 
DEPT PASS TO USAID/AFR/ANE/AFR 
 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: SENV ECON EAID WA BC
SUBJECT: USAID CLOSES OUT CBNRM PROGRAM IN NAMIBIA 
 
1. Summary: On June 12 in Windhoek, Regional Environment and Health 
Officer for Southern Africa (REHO) attended USAID's close-out 
ceremony of its 15-year support of Community-Based Natural Resources 
Management (CBNRM) in Namibia.  Among the attendees were Ambassador 
Mathieu, USAID Director Gary Newton, senior government officials, 
NGOs and the private sector. All the speakers lauded the success of 
the CBNRM program in Namibia, ascribing it to the sustained support 
of USAID, the support of the Namibian government, and the dedication 
and hard work of NGOs and conservancies.  The Namibian CBNRM policy 
went further than any other Southern Africa country in giving rights 
over wildlife and tourism directly to communities.  That played a 
significant part in the popularity and success of the program.  End 
Summary. 
 
Background 
---------- 
 
2. The Conservancy movement in Namibia has its origins in the CBNRM 
programs of the 1980's, when local communities saw the need to 
preserve and sustainably manage the fast dwindling wildlife in 
Northwest Namibia.  From the humble beginnings of the Community Game 
Guard system led by local chiefs and NGO's, it blossomed into the 
mass communal conservancy wave of today, spurred on by international 
assistance and the growth of tourism.  Critically, the government of 
Namibia (GON) created the enabling environment for this movement to 
flourish into a national rural development program by approving in 
1996 the Nature Conservation Amendment Act.  The amendment of the 
1975 Act meant that communal villagers now had the same rights as 
freehold farmers to use, manage and benefit from wildlife and 
tourism.  This encouraged the creation of partnerships between rural 
communities, NGOs, the private sector and the Government.  Thus from 
the initial 4 communal conservancies gazetted in 1998, there were 29 
by 2003 (23 percent of communal land), and 50 as of September 2007. 
In addition, the notable increase in areas under conservation and 
natural resource management, as well wildlife resouces, reflects an 
important success of the conserancy movement.  However, as the 
conservancies' welt has increased, so have the challenges to 
mange it.  Some are already self-sustaining, but othes still 
require technical and finncial support before they can become 
sustainably independent.  USAID invested in Namibia' CBNRM program 
through the Living in a Finite Environment (LIFE) Project.  In 1993, 
USAID awarded the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) a 5-year cooperative 
agreement worth USD 13.7 million to implement LIFE in collaboration 
with the MET.  The latter two added about USD 3 million of matching 
funds, for a project total of USD 16.8 million.  Due to LIFE's 
success, it was extended to LIFE 2 (USD 15 million) and finally LIFE 
Plus (USD 11 million) through June 2008, for a total of 15 years and 
roughly USD 40 million.  The Government of Namibia (GON) and donor 
partners matched this amount for the duration of the project. 
 
A Farewell to AID But not Aid 
------------------------------ 
 
3. On June 12, USAID held a close-out ceremony of its 15-year LIFE 
program in support Community-Based Natural Resources Management 
(CBNRM) in Namibia at the Polytechnic Hotel and Tourism School in 
Windhoek.  The well-attended event included the presence of US 
Ambassador Mathieu; USAID Director Gary Newton; Deputy Minister of 
MET Leon Jooste;  Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee 
on Natural Resources, Economics and Public Accounts Peya Mushelenga; 
NGOs, including the Namibia Nature Foundation (NNF), World Wildlife 
Fund (WWF), Integrated Rural Development and Nature Conservation 
(IRDNC) and the Namibian Association of CBNRM Support Organisations 
(NACSO); Conservancy members; and business, particularly tour and 
joint operators.  Master of Ceremony NNF's Executive Director, Dr. 
Chris Brown praised the decisive role of partnership in the success 
of the 15-year program.  He called for celebration of achievements 
and the establishment of a new model of sustainable development, 
rather than grief over loss of funding. 
 
MET's Commitment 
---------------- 
 
4. In his brief remarks, Deputy Minister of MET Leon Jooste noted 
the remarkable success of the three LIFE programs in the past decade 
and a half, building capacity for NGOs, including the umbrella 
organization NACSO, conservancies and the MET itself.  He said LIFE 
Plus developed a wildlife monitoring system which the MET adopted 
for its national parks and other countries embraced as a useful 
model.  Indeed, the most impressive feature of Namibia CBNRM program 
lies in its warm embrace by the global community.  However, even as 
he marveled at the program's success since the seminal 1996 CBNRM 
Law, Jooste acknowledged the remaining challenges ahead.  He 
affirmed the MET's commitment to CBNRM, which revealed the 
importance of partnerships, and its determination to do its utmost 
to maintain its existence since it dovetails with the GON's National 
Development Plans such as Vision 2030 and Poverty Reduction 
Strategy.  Jooste also mentioned the ongoing negotiations with the 
USG on a Millennium Challenge Compact agreement, including 
approximately USD 18.2 million to support CBNRM and the funding of 
31 of the 50 conservancies.  They would receive technical aid for 
capacity building such as marketing skills, governance and financial 
management.  He closed by thanking USAID for its amazing efforts and 
its pivotal role in launching the stellar CBNRM movement, and 
promised to maintain investment in the program. 
 
A Brief Time in History 
----------------------- 
 
5. In introducing the video presentation on the achievements and 
challenges of Namibia's conservancies, WWF's Chris Weaver presented 
a comparative history of the movement from its inception in 1993 to 
now.  He noted the absence of a legal basis in 1993 for communities 
to benefit from natural resources; now, the 1996 Conservancy Act 
enshrines their rights to such benefits.  In 1993, wildlife was 
viewed as mere meat and a curse; now, it is viewed as an integral 
part of rural livelihoods, a posture that has led to an amazing 
rebound in wildlife stocks.  In 1993, there were only 2-field based 
NGOs dealing with CBNRM issues; now, there are eleven NGOs that 
support conservancies.  In 1993, tourism and conservation did not 
constitute a development priority for Namibia; today, they are both 
integrated into Vision 2030 (it is Namibia's primary development 
roadmap) and figure prominently in the proposed MCC program.  In 
1993, communities lacked access to a steady supply of revenues; now, 
those revenues are a reality for rural people.  In 1993, the 
conservancy concept was just that: an idea; today, it is recognized 
as the foremost community development program in Namibia, earning 
many international plaudits.  In conclusion, Weaver acknowledged 
USAID's critical contribution of USD 40 million in the past 15 years 
to this successful program. 
 
6. The 26-minute Video presentation, entitled "By the People, For 
the People," recapped the history of CBNRM and conservancies in 
Namibia.  The program now encompasses 200,000 people of all 12 
historically disadvantaged ethnic groups in 50 conservancies (and 30 
pending).  The affected areas witnessed a dramatic rise in wildlife, 
particularly elephants and antelope.  USAID funding leveraged monies 
from the GON, WWF, and other donors such as the British (DFID) and 
the Swedes (SIDA).  Finally, the video noted that conservancies 
represent an ideal framework for the implementation of proposed 
5-nation Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation (KAZA TFCA) in 
Namibia. 
 
The State of Conservancies 
-------------------------- 
 
7. Anna Davis, who prepared the fifth edition of the State of 
Conservancies Report, presented a concise summary of its contents. 
The document echoed many of the crucial facts noted in the summary 
and the speeches noted above, but also highlighted the increasing 
prominence of the Northeast region in the program.  In addition, 
Davis revealed that the CBNRM program, which covered an area of 45, 
832 square miles, brought in over N$39 million (USD 5.5 million at a 
pro-rated exchange rate of N$6.90 to USD 1) in revenues in 2007. 
Davis said conservancies now make up 14.4 percent of Namibia's 
landmass, protected areas 16.5 percent, commercial conservancies 6.1 
percent, and community forests and concessions 1.3 percent. 
Conservation management thus accounts for about 38 percent of 
Namibia's land area.  Currently, 42 conservancies either have or are 
developing management plans; 39 manage cash income; 26 have business 
and sustainability plans; 18 have HIV/AIDS policies; 42 hold Annual 
General Meetings (AGMs); 31 employ finance managers; and 23 hold 
elections.  Additionally, committees consist of 37 percent women. 
 
8. Turning to other achievements, Davis said that in 2007, CBNRM 
benefits amounted to N$39.1 million, of which N$20.5 million (USD 
2.9 million) was in cash to conservancies and N$7 million (USD 1 
Million) in non cash to conservancies.  Other CBNRM income outside 
of conservancies (from enterprises not managed by, or directly 
contributing to conservancies, but still supported through the 
program) came to N$11.5 million (USD 1.6 Million), with over 6000 
part-time and over 800 full-time jobs.  The main sources of income 
were joint-venture tourism totaling NS$ 14.5 million (USD 2 million) 
and other activities, such as game viewing, veldt products and 
crafts, amounting to N$11.5 million (USD 1.6 million).  Moreover, 
conservancies disbursed N$22.5 million (USD 3.2 million) to their 
members in the form of social benefits, cash payments, jobs, capital 
development, and operational costs.  Davis also noted that CBNRM 
contributed N$233 million (USD 33.7 Million) to Net National Income. 
 Regarding challenges, she noted that communities track human-animal 
conflicts through "events books."  While animal stock damage 
predominates in the Northwest, the Northeast suffers from crop loss. 
 Moving on to notable features, Davis reported that between 1999 and 
2007, conservancies introduced 15 different species at a value of 
over N$10 million (USD 1.5 million).  The growth of conservancies 
and activities also means the rise in demand for support services, 
improved management, increasing human-animal and land conflicts, and 
an urgent need for equitable benefit sharing. 
 
Ambassador's Speech 
 
-------------------- 
 
9. Ambassador Mathieu began her remarks by reiterating the notable 
accomplishment of 15 years of USAID CBNRM support that led to a 
success story shortly after Namibia's independence.  She echoed 
other speakers' view that collaboration among government, NGOs, 
civic-based organizations (CBOs) and donors explained the program's 
achievements.  For instance, good wildlife management led to the 
noteworthy increase in game.  Moreover, the program has supported 
many activities, including HIV/AIDS, water supply and income 
generation.  She said key reasons for the success of the CBNRM 
program were: a) the longevity of USG support; b) a supportive 
legislative and institutional framework; and c) partnerships.   The 
Ambassador noted that since 1991, USAID had spent USD 250 million 
dollars in Namibia in education, democracy and governance, 
tuberculosis (TB), and CBNRM (USD 41.6 million).   She said USAID 
assistance would now focus on the HIV/AIDS and TB epidemics.  She 
added that although USAID CBNRM support was ending, it would 
continue to support partnerships in HIV/AIDS.  Finally, the 
Ambassador thanked all the NGOs for their excellent work and 
promised to visit a number of conservancies in the near future. 
 
Comment 
------- 
 
10. The Namibian CBNRM policy went further than any other Southern 
Africa country in giving rights over wildlife and tourism directly 
to communities.  That played a significant part in the popularity 
and success of the program.  The road ahead will be interesting as 
the CBNRM program seeks other sources of funding.  It will sure be a 
test of the sustainability of a number of conservancies. 
 
DROUIN