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Viewing cable 08NEWDELHI1044, INDIA DOUBLES ITS ANTE IN AFRICA

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08NEWDELHI1044 2008-04-11 11:19 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy New Delhi
VZCZCXRO9801
RR RUEHAST RUEHBI RUEHBZ RUEHCI RUEHDU RUEHGI RUEHJO RUEHLH RUEHMA
RUEHMR RUEHPA RUEHPW RUEHRN RUEHTRO
DE RUEHNE #1044/01 1021119
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 111119Z APR 08
FM AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 1304
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
RUCPDOC/USDOC WASHDC
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHDC
RHEBAAA/USDOE WASHDC
RUEHZO/AFRICAN UNION COLLECTIVE
RUCNCLS/ALL SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA COLLECTIVE
RUEPGBA/CDR USEUCOM INTEL VAIHINGEN GE
RHMFISS/EUCOM POLAD VAIHINGEN GE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 NEW DELHI 001044 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
REFTEL 0984 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PREL PGOV ECON EAID ECIN ETRD KECF IN
SUBJECT:  INDIA DOUBLES ITS ANTE IN AFRICA 
 
1. (SBU) SUMMARY:  Amid positive press reporting and official press 
statements, Indian and African leaders concluded the two-day New 
Delhi based India-Africa Summit by unanimously accepting drafts of 
the Delhi Declaration and the India-Africa Framework for 
Cooperation.  Nations agreed in principle to double India-Africa 
trade over the next five years, while India announced several 
unilateral incentive-laden economic offers to African nations. 
These incentives are efforts to strengthen Indo-African relations, 
while counter-balancing China's strategic gains in Africa.  It is 
now incumbent on the nations to transform the agreements into 
substantive progress.  END SUMMARY. 
 
TWO NEW PROPOSALS 
----------------- 
 
2. (SBU) Heads of State from India, fourteen Africa nations, and 
African Regional Economic Communities (RECs) (REFTEL) agreed upon 
two draft documents, The Delhi Declaration and the India-Africa 
Framework for Cooperation.  These proposals along with the Summit 
framework were first proposed by India to the African Union (AU) in 
December 2006.  According to Indian Prime Minister (PM) Manmohan 
Singh, these agreements "...will provide the blueprint for 
India-Africa dialogue and engagement in the 21st century, 
strengthening a long and special relationship which is based on 
equality and mutual respect."  Information on the summit and copies 
of the proposals are provided by the Indian Ministry of External 
Affairs website at 
(http://meaindia.nic.in/indiaafricasummit/mys tart.htm). 
 
3. (SBU) The Delhi Declaration and Framework for Cooperation aim to 
enhance the "true partnership" between India and Africa in order to 
achieve Millennium Development Goals.  A political document, the 
Delhi Declaration covers issues of bilateral, regional, and 
international interest to India and Africa, including their common 
positions on UN reforms, climate change, international organizations 
(IMF, WB, WTO), and anti-terrorism.  In multiple speeches, leaders 
trumpeted the needs of 'developing' nations as related to climate 
change and their representation (or lack of) in the governing bodies 
of international organizations.  Additionally, leaders pledged to 
work together in supporting each others' positions on UN reform and 
permanent seats on the UN Security Council, stressing that modern 
day multilateral organizations need representation that reflects 
global contemporary realities. 
 
4. (SBU) The Framework for Cooperation includes areas of cooperation 
in education, science and technology, agricultural productivity, 
food security, industrial growth, infrastructure, and health sector 
development.  Tanzanian President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (also 
current president of the AU) emphasized the need to address African 
food security, with India promising to help Africa achieve an 
African 'Green Revolution' with transfers of Indian technology and 
knowledge in food production, storage, transportation, and water 
management.  It was also agreed that a joint plan of action for 
implementing the Framework will be drafted, and that an India-Africa 
summit will be held every three years with the next Summit in Africa 
in 2011. 
INDIA SWEETENS THE DEAL 
----------------------- 
 
5. (SBU) Beyond the two agreements, India made more headline offers, 
announcing several unilateral, incentive laden economic proposals 
designed to double Indian-African trade over the next five years 
from its current level of USD 30 billion in 2007.  The largest 
incentive announced was the Duty Free Tariff Preference Scheme for 
Least Developed Countries (LDCs).  The 'Scheme' provides 
preferential market access for exports from all 50 LDCs (as 
determined by the United Nations), 34 of which are in Africa.  It 
will cover 94 percent of India's total tariff lines and 92.5 percent 
of global exports of all LDCs.  Products of immediate interest to 
Africa, and not coincidently to India, include cotton, aluminum ore, 
copper ore, food products, and non-industrial diamonds.  Oil and 
natural gas are absent from official statements, but are detailed in 
press reporting from the Times of India, The Hindu, Hindustan Times, 
and Financial Times. 
 
6. (SBU) In addition, India pledged to increase its stake in Africa 
on several other fronts.  It will double existing line of credit 
offers to Africa from USD 2.5 billion to USD 5.4 billion over the 
next five years; increase scholarships to Indian universities for 
African students from 1200 to 1600 per year under Indian Technical 
and Economic Cooperation (ITEC), and provide additional grants 
 
NEW DELHI 00001044  002 OF 002 
 
 
totaling USD 500 million over the next five years under the Indian 
Aid to Africa program for human skills development.  Specific 
projects in building capacity and capability include development of 
African railway, IT, telecom, and power generation sectors. 
 
INDIA IS NOT IN A RACE WITH CHINA 
--------------------------------- 
 
7. (SBU) In press statements throughout the summit, Indian officials 
continued to differentiate and distance India's relations with 
Africa from those of China.  MEA Minister of State for External 
Relations Anand Sharma explained India's approach towards Africa as 
a partnership based on equality and mutual respect spanning 60 
years.  He detailed Indian-African ties thru the Indian Technical 
And Economic Cooperation (ITEC) program (REFTEL) and underlined that 
80% of the workers at Indian operations in Africa are African, a 
soft-handed swipe at Chinese labor practices that import Chinese 
workers for Chinese projects in Africa.  In addition, Sharma 
referenced successful programs such as the Indian funded Pan-African 
E-Network Project with its own dedicated satellite.  The network 
enables Africa to bridge the digital divide and links African 
institutions to Indian counterparts, including universities, 
specialty hospitals, and research institutions.  Sharma emphasized 
that India and Africa are not just engaged in an exchange of 
resources, they are engaged in an exchange of ideas and knowledge. 
Again swiping at China, he reiterated that the relationship was not 
based on resource extraction.  PM Singh's closing remarks, echoed 
the sentiment that, "India is not in any race or competition with 
China or any other country.  We wish to be partners in Africa's 
resurgence." 
 
NOW HERDING THE CATS 
-------------------- 
 
8. (SBU) COMMENT:  At first blush, this summit seemed to play 
against U.S. interests.  Consistent with India's recent foreign 
policy of keeping one foot squarely in the camp of its old G77 
friends while vigorously trying to get its foot in the G8 door, the 
Delhi Declaration and Framework for Cooperation contain a lot of 
what appears to be new manifestations of Non-Aligned Movement 
principles cloaked in economic jargon.  Also, the developing nations 
vs. developed nations divide is delineated on issues such as climate 
change, WTO Doha Round negotiations, and a commitment to south-south 
dialogue.  Furthermore, in the days leading up to the summit, 
contacts told us that India does not immediately favor close 
coordination with the U.S. on Africa, as it sees the U.S. carrying 
colonial and imperialist baggage.  However many of the goals set at 
this summit coincide with U.S. goals for Africa, such as the 
promotion of foreign direct investment, development of small and 
medium enterprises, Africa's regional integration, training for 
peacekeeping operations, cooperation in drug and human trafficking, 
and strengthening cooperation for the implementation of Millennium 
Development Goals.  On these issues, India hopes to make an 
immediate impact, and, should it be willing to forego its go-alone 
strategy to pursue actual results, provides the U.S. with an 
opportunity to leverage our relationship. 
9. (SBU) COMMENT (continued):  Post believes now is the time for 
more thorough dialogue with India on Africa.  Post supports DAS 
Feigenbaum's proposal to engage in cross-bureau dialogue with India, 
both in Delhi and Washington.  Another opportunity would be through 
AFRICOM, particularly in the area of peacekeeping training, where 
India is a world leader and has just opened up to cooperation with 
the U.S. on the Global Peacekeeping Operations Initiative (GPOI). 
As India grows into an assistance donor, something along the lines 
of the Strategic Assistance Dialogue we have with Japan could also 
be beneficial.  We must recognize that India does not want us 
side-by-side in Africa, but through enhanced dialogue, Post believes 
India will come to realize it - along with Africa - stands to 
benefit from better coordination with the U.S. 
 
WHITE