Keep Us Strong WikiLeaks logo

Currently released so far... 251287 / 251,287

Articles

Browse latest releases

Browse by creation date

Browse by origin

A B C D F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

Browse by tag

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
AEMR ASEC AMGT AE AS AMED AVIAN AU AF AORC AGENDA AO AR AM APER AFIN ATRN AJ ABUD ARABL AL AG AODE ALOW ADANA AADP AND APECO ACABQ ASEAN AA AFFAIRS AID AGR AY AGS AFSI AGOA AMB ARF ANET ASCH ACOA AFLU AFSN AMEX AFDB ABLD AESC AFGHANISTAN AINF AVIATION ARR ARSO ANDREW ASSEMBLY AIDS APRC ASSK ADCO ASIG AC AZ APEC AFINM ADB AP ACOTA ASEX ACKM ASUP ANTITERRORISM ADPM AINR ARABLEAGUE AGAO AORG AMTC AIN ACCOUNT ASECAFINGMGRIZOREPTU AIDAC AINT ARCH AMGTKSUP ALAMI AMCHAMS ALJAZEERA AVIANFLU AORD AOREC ALIREZA AOMS AMGMT ABDALLAH AORCAE AHMED ACCELERATED AUC ALZUGUREN ANGEL AORL ASECIR AMG AMBASSADOR AEMRASECCASCKFLOMARRPRELPINRAMGTJMXL ADM ASES ABMC AER AMER ASE AMGTHA ARNOLDFREDERICK AOPC ACS AFL AEGR ASED AFPREL AGRI AMCHAM ARNOLD AN ANATO AME APERTH ASECSI AT ACDA ASEDC AIT AMERICA AMLB AMGE ACTION AGMT AFINIZ ASECVE ADRC ABER AGIT APCS AEMED ARABBL ARC ASO AIAG ACEC ASR ASECM ARG AEC ABT ADIP ADCP ANARCHISTS AORCUN AOWC ASJA AALC AX AROC ARM AGENCIES ALBE AK AZE AOPR AREP AMIA ASCE ALANAZI ABDULRAHMEN ABDULHADI AINFCY ARMS ASECEFINKCRMKPAOPTERKHLSAEMRNS AGRICULTURE AFPK AOCR ALEXANDER ATRD ATFN ABLG AORCD AFGHAN ARAS AORCYM AVERY ALVAREZ ACBAQ ALOWAR ANTOINE ABLDG ALAB AMERICAS AFAF ASECAFIN ASEK ASCC AMCT AMGTATK AMT APDC AEMRS ASECE AFSA ATRA ARTICLE ARENA AISG AEMRBC AFR AEIR ASECAF AFARI AMPR ASPA ASOC ANTONIO AORCL ASECARP APRM AUSTRALIAGROUP ASEG AFOR AEAID AMEDI ASECTH ASIC AFDIN AGUIRRE AUNR ASFC AOIC ANTXON ASA ASECCASC ALI AORCEUNPREFPRELSMIGBN ASECKHLS ASSSEMBLY ASECVZ AI ASECPGOV ASIR ASCEC ASAC ARAB AIEA ADMIRAL AUSGR AQ AMTG ARRMZY ANC APR AMAT AIHRC AFU ADEL AECL ACAO AMEMR ADEP AV AW AOR ALL ALOUNI AORCUNGA ALNEA ASC AORCO ARMITAGE AGENGA AGRIC AEM ACOAAMGT AGUILAR AFPHUM AMEDCASCKFLO AFZAL AAA ATPDEA ASECPHUM ASECKFRDCVISKIRFPHUMSMIGEG
ETRD ETTC EU ECON EFIN EAGR EAID ELAB EINV ENIV ENRG EPET EZ ELTN ELECTIONS ECPS ET ER EG EUN EIND ECONOMICS EMIN ECIN EINT EWWT EAIR EN ENGR ES EI ETMIN EL EPA EARG EFIS ECONOMY EC EK ELAM ECONOMIC EAR ESDP ECCP ELN EUM EUMEM ECA EAP ELEC ECOWAS EFTA EXIM ETTD EDRC ECOSOC ECPSN ENVIRONMENT ECO EMAIL ECTRD EREL EDU ENERG ENERGY ENVR ETRAD EAC EXTERNAL EFIC ECIP ERTD EUC ENRGMO EINZ ESTH ECCT EAGER ECPN ELNT ERD EGEN ETRN EIVN ETDR EXEC EIAD EIAR EVN EPRT ETTF ENGY EAIDCIN EXPORT ETRC ESA EIB EAPC EPIT ESOCI ETRB EINDQTRD ENRC EGOV ECLAC EUR ELF ETEL ENRGUA EVIN EARI ESCAP EID ERIN ELAN ENVT EDEV EWWY EXBS ECOM EV ELNTECON ECE ETRDGK EPETEIND ESCI ETRDAORC EAIDETRD ETTR EMS EAGRECONEINVPGOVBN EBRD EUREM ERGR EAGRBN EAUD EFI ETRDEINVECINPGOVCS EPEC ETRO ENRGY EGAR ESSO EGAD ENV ENER EAIDXMXAXBXFFR ELA EET EINVETRD EETC EIDN ERGY ETRDPGOV EING EMINCG EINVECON EURM EEC EICN EINO EPSC ELAP ELABPGOVBN EE ESPS ETRA ECONETRDBESPAR ERICKSON EEOC EVENTS EPIN EB ECUN EPWR ENG EX EH EAIDAR EAIS ELBA EPETUN ETRDEIQ EENV ECPC ETRP ECONENRG EUEAID EWT EEB EAIDNI ESENV EADM ECN ENRGKNNP ETAD ETR ECONETRDEAGRJA ETRG ETER EDUC EITC EBUD EAIF EBEXP EAIDS EITI EGOVSY EFQ ECOQKPKO ETRGY ESF EUE EAIC EPGOV ENFR EAGRE ENRD EINTECPS EAVI ETC ETCC EIAID EAIDAF EAGREAIDPGOVPRELBN EAOD ETRDA EURN EASS EINVA EAIDRW EON ECOR EPREL EGPHUM ELTM ECOS EINN ENNP EUPGOV EAGRTR ECONCS ETIO ETRDGR EAIDB EISNAR EIFN ESPINOSA EAIDASEC ELIN EWTR EMED ETFN ETT EADI EPTER ELDIN EINVEFIN ESS ENRGIZ EQRD ESOC ETRDECD ECINECONCS EAIT ECONEAIR ECONEFIN EUNJ ENRGKNNPMNUCPARMPRELNPTIAEAJMXL ELAD EFIM ETIC EFND EFN ETLN ENGRD EWRG ETA EIN EAIRECONRP EXIMOPIC ERA ENRGJM ECONEGE ENVI ECHEVARRIA EMINETRD EAD ECONIZ EENG ELBR EWWC ELTD EAIDMG ETRK EIPR EISNLN ETEX EPTED EFINECONCS EPCS EAG ETRDKIPR ED EAIO ETRDEC ENRGPARMOTRASENVKGHGPGOVECONTSPLEAID ECONEINVEFINPGOVIZ ERNG EFINU EURFOR EWWI ELTNSNAR ETD EAIRASECCASCID EOXC ESTN EAIDAORC EAGRRP ETRDEMIN ELABPHUMSMIGKCRMBN ETRDEINVTINTCS EGHG EAIDPHUMPRELUG EAGRBTIOBEXPETRDBN EDA EPETPGOV ELAINE EUCOM EMW EFINECONEAIDUNGAGM ELB EINDETRD EMI ETRDECONWTOCS EINR ESTRADA EHUM EFNI ELABV ENR EMN EXO EWWTPRELPGOVMASSMARRBN EATO END EP EINVETC ECONEFINETRDPGOVEAGRPTERKTFNKCRMEAID ELTRN EIQ ETTW EAI ENGRG ETRED ENDURING ETTRD EAIDEGZ EOCN EINF EUPREL ENRL ECPO ENLT EEFIN EPPD ECOIN EUEAGR EISL EIDE ENRGSD EINVECONSENVCSJA EAIG ENTG EEPET EUNCH EPECO ETZ EPAT EPTE EAIRGM ETRDPREL EUNGRSISAFPKSYLESO ETTN EINVKSCA ESLCO EBMGT ENRGTRGYETRDBEXPBTIOSZ EFLU ELND EFINOECD EAIDHO EDUARDO ENEG ECONEINVETRDEFINELABETRDKTDBPGOVOPIC EFINTS ECONQH ENRGPREL EUNPHUM EINDIR EPE EMINECINECONSENVTBIONS EFINM ECRM EQ EWWTSP ECONPGOVBN
KFLO KPKO KDEM KFLU KTEX KMDR KPAO KCRM KIDE KN KNNP KG KMCA KZ KJUS KWBG KU KDMR KAWC KCOR KPAL KOMC KTDB KTIA KISL KHIV KHUM KTER KCFE KTFN KS KIRF KTIP KIRC KSCA KICA KIPR KPWR KWMN KE KGIC KGIT KSTC KACT KSEP KFRD KUNR KHLS KCRS KRVC KUWAIT KVPR KSRE KMPI KMRS KNRV KNEI KCIP KSEO KITA KDRG KV KSUM KCUL KPET KBCT KO KSEC KOLY KNAR KGHG KSAF KWNM KNUC KMNP KVIR KPOL KOCI KPIR KLIG KSAC KSTH KNPT KINL KPRP KRIM KICC KIFR KPRV KAWK KFIN KT KVRC KR KHDP KGOV KPOW KTBT KPMI KPOA KRIF KEDEM KFSC KY KGCC KATRINA KWAC KSPR KTBD KBIO KSCI KRCM KNNB KBNC KIMT KCSY KINR KRAD KMFO KCORR KW KDEMSOCI KNEP KFPC KEMPI KBTR KFRDCVISCMGTCASCKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KNPP KTTB KTFIN KBTS KCOM KFTN KMOC KOR KDP KPOP KGHA KSLG KMCR KJUST KUM KMSG KHPD KREC KIPRTRD KPREL KEN KCSA KCRIM KGLB KAKA KWWT KUNP KCRN KISLPINR KLFU KUNC KEDU KCMA KREF KPAS KRKO KNNC KLHS KWAK KOC KAPO KTDD KOGL KLAP KECF KCRCM KNDP KSEAO KCIS KISM KREL KISR KISC KKPO KWCR KPFO KUS KX KWCI KRFD KWPG KTRD KH KLSO KEVIN KEANE KACW KWRF KNAO KETTC KTAO KWIR KVCORR KDEMGT KPLS KICT KWGB KIDS KSCS KIRP KSTCPL KDEN KLAB KFLOA KIND KMIG KPPAO KPRO KLEG KGKG KCUM KTTP KWPA KIIP KPEO KICR KNNA KMGT KCROM KMCC KLPM KNNPGM KSIA KSI KWWW KOMS KESS KMCAJO KWN KTDM KDCM KCM KVPRKHLS KENV KCCP KGCN KCEM KEMR KWMNKDEM KNNPPARM KDRM KWIM KJRE KAID KWMM KPAONZ KUAE KTFR KIF KNAP KPSC KSOCI KCWI KAUST KPIN KCHG KLBO KIRCOEXC KI KIRCHOFF KSTT KNPR KDRL KCFC KLTN KPAOKMDRKE KPALAOIS KESO KKOR KSMT KFTFN KTFM KDEMK KPKP KOCM KNN KISLSCUL KFRDSOCIRO KINT KRG KWMNSMIG KSTCC KPAOY KFOR KWPR KSEPCVIS KGIV KSEI KIL KWMNPHUMPRELKPAOZW KQ KEMS KHSL KTNF KPDD KANSOU KKIV KFCE KTTC KGH KNNNP KK KSCT KWNN KAWX KOMCSG KEIM KTSD KFIU KDTB KFGM KACP KWWMN KWAWC KSPA KGICKS KNUP KNNO KISLAO KTPN KSTS KPRM KPALPREL KPO KTLA KCRP KNMP KAWCK KCERS KDUM KEDM KTIALG KWUN KPTS KPEM KMEPI KAWL KHMN KCRO KCMR KPTD KCROR KMPT KTRF KSKN KMAC KUK KIRL KEM KSOC KBTC KOM KINP KDEMAF KTNBT KISK KRM KWBW KBWG KNNPMNUC KNOP KSUP KCOG KNET KWBC KESP KMRD KEBG KFRDKIRFCVISCMGTKOCIASECPHUMSMIGEG KPWG KOMCCO KRGY KNNF KPROG KJAN KFRED KPOKO KM KWMNCS KMPF KJWC KJU KSMIG KALR KRAL KDGOV KPA KCRMJA KCRI KAYLA KPGOV KRD KNNPCH KFEM KPRD KFAM KALM KIPRETRDKCRM KMPP KADM KRFR KMWN KWRG KTIAPARM KTIAEUN KRDP KLIP KDDEM KTIAIC KWKN KPAD KDM KRCS KWBGSY KEAI KIVP KPAOPREL KUNH KTSC KIPT KNP KJUSTH KGOR KEPREL KHSA KGHGHIV KNNR KOMH KRCIM KWPB KWIC KINF KPER KILS KA KNRG KCSI KFRP KLFLO KFE KNPPIS KQM KQRDQ KERG KPAOPHUM KSUMPHUM KVBL KARIM KOSOVO KNSD KUIR KWHG KWBGXF KWMNU KPBT KKNP KERF KCRT KVIS KWRC KVIP KTFS KMARR KDGR KPAI KDE KTCRE KMPIO KUNRAORC KHOURY KAWS KPAK KOEM KCGC KID KVRP KCPS KIVR KBDS KWOMN KIIC KTFNJA KARZAI KMVP KHJUS KPKOUNSC KMAR KIBL KUNA KSA KIS KJUSAF KDEV KPMO KHIB KIRD KOUYATE KIPRZ KBEM KPAM KDET KPPD KOSCE KJUSKUNR KICCPUR KRMS KWMNPREL KWMJN KREISLER KWM KDHS KRV KPOV KWMNCI KMPL KFLD KWWN KCVM KIMMITT KCASC KOMO KNATO KDDG KHGH KRF KSCAECON KWMEN KRIC
PREL PINR PGOV PHUM PTER PE PREF PARM PBTS PINS PHSA PK PL PM PNAT PHAS PO PROP PGOVE PA PU POLITICAL PPTER POL PALESTINIAN PHUN PIN PAMQ PPA PSEC POLM PBIO PSOE PDEM PAK PF PKAO PGOVPRELMARRMOPS PMIL PV POLITICS PRELS POLICY PRELHA PIRN PINT PGOG PERSONS PRC PEACE PROCESS PRELPGOV PROV PFOV PKK PRE PT PIRF PSI PRL PRELAF PROG PARMP PERL PUNE PREFA PP PGOB PUM PROTECTION PARTIES PRIL PEL PAGE PS PGO PCUL PLUM PIF PGOVENRGCVISMASSEAIDOPRCEWWTBN PMUC PCOR PAS PB PKO PY PKST PTR PRM POUS PRELIZ PGIC PHUMS PAL PNUC PLO PMOPS PHM PGOVBL PBK PELOSI PTE PGOVAU PNR PINSO PRO PLAB PREM PNIR PSOCI PBS PD PHUML PERURENA PKPA PVOV PMAR PHUMCF PUHM PHUH PRELPGOVETTCIRAE PRT PROPERTY PEPFAR PREI POLUN PAR PINSF PREFL PH PREC PPD PING PQL PINSCE PGV PREO PRELUN POV PGOVPHUM PINRES PRES PGOC PINO POTUS PTERE PRELKPAO PRGOV PETR PGOVEAGRKMCAKNARBN PPKO PARLIAMENT PEPR PMIG PTBS PACE PETER PMDL PVIP PKPO POLMIL PTEL PJUS PHUMNI PRELKPAOIZ PGOVPREL POGV PEREZ POWELL PMASS PDOV PARN PG PPOL PGIV PAIGH PBOV PETROL PGPV PGOVL POSTS PSO PRELEU PRELECON PHUMPINS PGOVKCMABN PQM PRELSP PRGO PATTY PRELPGOVEAIDECONEINVBEXPSCULOIIPBTIO PGVO PROTESTS PRELPLS PKFK PGOVEAIDUKNOSWGMHUCANLLHFRSPITNZ PARAGRAPH PRELGOV POG PTRD PTERM PBTSAG PHUMKPAL PRELPK PTERPGOV PAO PRIVATIZATION PSCE PPAO PGOVPRELPHUMPREFSMIGELABEAIDKCRMKWMN PARALYMPIC PRUM PKPRP PETERS PAHO PARMS PGREL PINV POINS PHUMPREL POREL PRELNL PHUMPGOV PGOVQL PLAN PRELL PARP PROVE PSOC PDD PRELNP PRELBR PKMN PGKV PUAS PRELTBIOBA PBTSEWWT PTERIS PGOVU PRELGG PHUMPRELPGOV PFOR PEPGOV PRELUNSC PRAM PICES PTERIZ PREK PRELEAGR PRELEUN PHUME PHU PHUMKCRS PRESL PRTER PGOF PARK PGOVSOCI PTERPREL PGOVEAID PGOVPHUMKPAO PINSKISL PREZ PGOVAF PARMEUN PECON PINL POGOV PGOVLO PIERRE PRELPHUM PGOVPZ PGOVKCRM PBST PKPAO PHUMHUPPS PGOVPOL PASS PPGOV PROGV PAGR PHALANAGE PARTY PRELID PGOVID PHUMR PHSAQ PINRAMGT PSA PRELM PRELMU PIA PINRPE PBTSRU PARMIR PEDRO PNUK PVPR PINOCHET PAARM PRFE PRELEIN PINF PCI PSEPC PGOVSU PRLE PDIP PHEM PRELB PORG PGGOC POLG POPDC PGOVPM PWMN PDRG PHUMK PINB PRELAL PRER PFIN PNRG PRED POLI PHUMBO PHYTRP PROLIFERATION PHARM PUOS PRHUM PUNR PENA PGOVREL PETRAEUS PGOVKDEM PGOVENRG PHUS PRESIDENT PTERKU PRELKSUMXABN PGOVSI PHUMQHA PKISL PIR PGOVZI PHUMIZNL PKNP PRELEVU PMIN PHIM PHUMBA PUBLIC PHAM PRELKPKO PMR PARTM PPREL PN PROL PDA PGOVECON PKBL PKEAID PERM PRELEZ PRELC PER PHJM PGOVPRELPINRBN PRFL PLN PWBG PNG PHUMA PGOR PHUMPTER POLINT PPEF PKPAL PNNL PMARR PAC PTIA PKDEM PAUL PREG PTERR PTERPRELPARMPGOVPBTSETTCEAIRELTNTC PRELJA POLS PI PNS PAREL PENV PTEROREP PGOVM PINER PBGT PHSAUNSC PTERDJ PRELEAID PARMIN PKIR PLEC PCRM PNET PARR PRELETRD PRELBN PINRTH PREJ PEACEKEEPINGFORCES PEMEX PRELZ PFLP PBPTS PTGOV PREVAL PRELSW PAUM PRF PHUMKDEM PATRICK PGOVKMCAPHUMBN PRELA PNUM PGGV PGOVSMIGKCRMKWMNPHUMCVISKFRDCA PBT PIND PTEP PTERKS PGOVJM PGOT PRELMARR PGOVCU PREV PREFF PRWL PET PROB PRELPHUMP PHUMAF PVTS PRELAFDB PSNR PGOVECONPRELBU PGOVZL PREP PHUMPRELBN PHSAPREL PARCA PGREV PGOVDO PGON PCON PODC PRELOV PHSAK PSHA PGOVGM PRELP POSCE PGOVPTER PHUMRU PINRHU PARMR PGOVTI PPEL PMAT PAN PANAM PGOVBO PRELHRC

Browse by classification

Community resources

courage is contagious

Viewing cable 08BERLIN558, BERLIN: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR FUEL

If you are new to these pages, please read an introduction on the structure of a cable as well as how to discuss them with others. See also the FAQs

Understanding cables
Every cable message consists of three parts:
  • The top box shows each cables unique reference number, when and by whom it originally was sent, and what its initial classification was.
  • The middle box contains the header information that is associated with the cable. It includes information about the receiver(s) as well as a general subject.
  • The bottom box presents the body of the cable. The opening can contain a more specific subject, references to other cables (browse by origin to find them) or additional comment. This is followed by the main contents of the cable: a summary, a collection of specific topics and a comment section.
To understand the justification used for the classification of each cable, please use this WikiSource article as reference.

Discussing cables
If you find meaningful or important information in a cable, please link directly to its unique reference number. Linking to a specific paragraph in the body of a cable is also possible by copying the appropriate link (to be found at theparagraph symbol). Please mark messages for social networking services like Twitter with the hash tags #cablegate and a hash containing the reference ID e.g. #08BERLIN558.
Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08BERLIN558 2008-04-30 13:51 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Berlin
VZCZCXRO2092
PP RUEHAG RUEHDF RUEHLZ
DE RUEHRL #0558/01 1211351
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 301351Z APR 08
FM AMEMBASSY BERLIN
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 1082
INFO RUCNFRG/FRG COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 04 BERLIN 000558 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PARM AORC IAEA KNPP ENRG GM
SUBJECT: BERLIN: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR FUEL 
SUPPLY - A THREE PILLAR CIRCUS 
 
SUMMARY 
------- 
1. (SBU) Originally intended as a venue for formally rolling 
out German Foreign Minister Steinmeier's proposal to 
establish a new IAEA-run uranium enrichment facility, the 
scaled-back "International Conference on Nuclear Fuel Supply: 
Challenges and Opportunities," hosted by Germany, the 
Netherlands, and the UK in Berlin April 17-18, was instead 
billed as a forum for consideration of "proliferation-proof" 
solutions to the demands of countries interested in 
developing small and medium scale nuclear energy programs. 
Notwithstanding the change in focus, IAEA Director General 
ElBaradei and Steinmeier both pushed the German proposal in 
their opening statements.  Apart from the Russian Fuel Bank 
proposal, however, most participants did not discuss in 
detail the various reliable accesses to nuclear fuel (RANF) 
proposals currently under consideration by IAEA members. 
 
2. (SBU) Both keynote speakers also injected disarmament into 
the mix with ElBaradei quoting German President Koehler as 
saying the best way to build trust is by focusing on 
disarmament, arms control, and non-proliferation.  South 
Africa's Abdul Minty subsequently raised the issue of 
"trust," referring to disarmament and to the potential 
"cartelization" of nuclear fuel services as the underlying 
motive of the RANF proposals.  Representatives of other 
potential nuclear power states picked up on this theme, 
repeating concerns about trust with regard both to nuclear 
weapons states and fuel service providers.  Panelists spoke 
on behalf of countries that rely on outside sources for 
enriched uranium, countries that produce enriched uranium for 
sale on the world market, and commercial providers of 
enriched uranium.  END SUMMARY. 
 
OPENING STATEMENTS BY STEINMEIER AND ELBARADEI 
--------------------------------------------- - 
3. (SBU) The conference opened with statements from German 
Federal Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier and IAEA 
Director General Mohamed ElBaradei.  Both acknowledged the 
world's growing energy needs, particularly in developing 
countries, and the increasing role nuclear energy will play. 
Steinmeier focused on the need to respect the rights of 
countries to pursue the peaceful use of nuclear energy and 
emphasized the responsibility of NNWS to support 
non-proliferation.  ElBaradei made statements focusing on the 
disarmament of nuclear weapons states (NWS), singling out the 
U.S. and Russia as sending "the wrong message" to the rest of 
the world on disarmament.  ElBaradei outlined a three-stage 
vision aimed at successful nuclear fuel cooperation between 
supplier and consumer states; first, set up a system to 
assure reliable access to nuclear fuel supply, second, place 
all new enrichment and reprocessing facilities under 
multilateral control -- the core concept behind Steinmeier's 
Multilateral Enrichment Sanctuary Project (MESP) proposal --- 
and finally place ALL existing and future ENR facilities 
under multilateral control consistent with the Fissile 
Materials Cut-Off Treaty.  ElBaradei ended by emphasizing the 
importance of building "trust" between supplier and consumer 
states, which underscores his position as a mediator in the 
middle of this debate.  Both Steinmeier and ElBaradei briefly 
mentioned -- but did not stress -- that all NPT signatories 
should be held accountable for violations and failure to meet 
non-proliferation commitments. 
 
VIEWS FROM NUCLEAR POWER COUNTRIES NOT PURSUING ENRICHMENT 
--------------------------------------------- ------------- 
4. (SBU) Representatives from Finland, the Ukraine, and Korea 
gave presentations detailing their approaches to meeting 
their respective nuclear fuel demands.  Mr. Jae Min Ahn, 
Manager of the Korea Hydro Nuclear Corporation, said the ROK 
generates 35.5 percent of its electricity from nuclear power 
and yet is 100 percent dependent on foreign nuclear fuel 
supply.  He said the ROK approaches its fuel supply needs 
with a focus on stable security, long-term fuel contracts, 
advanced procurement, overseas investment, and 
diversification -- an approach that has yielded successful 
results.  This approach was echoed by representatives from 
the Ukraine and Finland, who voiced similar satisfaction that 
the nuclear fuel market has successfully satisfied their 
needs. 
 
THE NUCLEAR FUEL SUPPLY MARKET IS IN GOOD SHAPE 
--------------------------------------------- -- 
5. (SBU) Robert Vance, Energy Analyst with Canada's Nuclear 
Energy Agency, gave testimony pertaining to the healthy state 
of the nuclear fuel supply market and its excellent future 
prospects.  Vance stated uranium is very plentiful and that 
current rates of consumption would yield a 100-year supply 
(potentially thousands with next-generation reactors). 
 
 
BERLIN 00000558  002 OF 004 
 
 
SOUTH AFRICA: RESUMPTION OF FUEL PROCESSING 
------------------------------------------- 
6. (SBU) Ambassador Abdul Minty, South African MFA Deputy 
Director General for Nonproliferation made strong statements 
advocating the unobstructed right for countries to pursue 
nuclear energy and access to advanced nuclear fuel 
technologies.  Minty specifically took exception to the 
technology-restrictive pre-conditions weaved into earlier 
nuclear fuel assurance proposals stating "Any proposal must 
protect a state's right for all aspects of peaceful nuclear 
power."  Minty cited the last Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) 
Summit in Cuba and said NAM nations agreed to ensure the 
sovereignty/management of their own resources and agreed 
there should be no restrictions on processing rights. 
 
7. (SBU) Minty stated there is a "lack of trust" among the 
NAM that supplier states would not hold nuclear fuel as 
collateral to impose political agendas on consumer states. 
This is the overwhelming factor in South Africa's 
reservations about nuclear fuel assurance proposals. 
Specifically, Minty stated it is not enough to have fuel 
assurances and he "doubts" the ability of the IAEA, as a 
proposed central authority in nuclear fuel distribution, to 
withstand political pressure in its decision making. 
 
8. (SBU) Minty announced South Africa is significantly 
increasing its investment in nuclear energy and is seeking 
reprocessing and enrichment capabilities.  His stated reasons 
were an effort to become nuclear fuel independent citing 
concerns about the possibility of a future nuclear fuel 
supply cartel.  Minty added, in the future South Africa will 
restrict uranium exports in order to maintain a strategic 
fuel supply. 
 
NEW PLAYERS PLANNING NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMS 
------------------------------------------- 
9. (SBU) Egypt and Turkey gave presentations highlighting 
their plans for nuclear power programs.  In addition, 
Albania, Morocco, and Indonesia made brief comments 
announcing their intentions to start nuclear power programs 
as well.  Mr. Aly Serry, Head of the Department for 
Disarmament Affairs - Egypt, said Egypt's nuclear power 
program is progressing in compliance with the IAEA and Egypt 
is carefully reviewing the various fuel assurances proposals. 
 Serry remarked the proposals are all very supplier-centric 
and he views these proposals as a way for NWS to regulate 
NNWS.  Serry added he has a serious problem with NPT article 
IV in connection with the proposals and interprets article IV 
as giving states access to all peaceful nuclear technology - 
something he feels is being restricted in the proposals. 
 
10. (SBU) Mr. Ali Tanrikut, the Vice President of the Turkish 
Atomic Energy Commission, said Turkey is pursuing a 
public-private-partnership (PPP) in its nuclear power 
program.  Tanrikut added, under PPP Turkey will encourage the 
private sector to pursue nuclear fuel fabrication in Turkey 
with an aim to decrease dependence on foreign fuel. 
 
PURSUING ENRICHMENT FOR A SMALL MARKET: DOES NOT MAKE SENSE 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
11. (SBU) Several representatives from nuclear fuel producers 
remarked that it does not make economic sense for states to 
pursue fuel enrichment unless it is on a very large scale. 
Mr. Alexey Lebedev, the Deputy Director General, Tenex - 
Russia, spoke at length about the Russian International 
Uranium Enrichment Center (IUEC) in Angarsk as a nuclear fuel 
services option so that developing countries do not have to 
embark on "very expensive" enrichment programs.  Lebedev 
stated, "We would like to advise against countries developing 
fuel processing - it is simply not economically viable."  Mr. 
Mikkola of Finland echoed this statement and said, "It is not 
economical to create nuclear fuel supplies for small markets." 
 
THE ANGARSK OPTION 
------------------ 
12. (U) Lebedev summarized the basic principles of IUEC as an 
IAEA safeguarded, commercially operated uranium enrichment 
service where member states are guaranteed access to Enriched 
Uranium Product (EUP) based on existing market orientated 
principles.  Lebedev described IUEC through three stages of 
evolvement; Stage I) (current stage) establishment of the 
initial share distribution of the chartered IUEC capital, 
presently 90% Tenex (Russian state owned) and 10% Kazatomprom 
(Kazakhstan), Stage II) reorganization of the Russian nuclear 
industry, and State III) inclusion of new member states 
joining the IUEC. 
 
13. (U) In transition to Stage II, the IUEC will create a 
nuclear materials fuel bank adhering to a draft agreement 
between the IAEA and the Russian Federation and consisting of 
 
BERLIN 00000558  003 OF 004 
 
 
120 metric ton of low-enriched uranium (LUE) to assure 
supply, delivery price, safety, physical protection and 
liability of EUP to any member state of the IAEA.  This fuel 
bank is intended to protect IAEA member states from EUP 
supply disruptions unrelated to technical or commercial 
considerations.  Stage III will begin with the pending 
membership of Armenia in the IUEC (after the exchange of 
notes).  After the membership with Armenia is finalized, the 
IUEC shares breakdown will be 51% Tenex and 10% Kazatomprom, 
10% Armenia, and 29% remaining for future IUEC member states. 
 
 
14. (SBU) COMMENT:  Lebedev's presentation on the Russian 
IUEC program generated a significant amount of interest from 
conference participants, particularly Canada, Great Britain, 
Brazil, Jordan, and Egypt.  IUEC is not just simply a 
proposal but a real program with a fair amount of momentum. 
This is more likely the result of countries' interest in 
short term access to nuclear fuel, rather than an indication 
of widespread support for the various multilateral fuel cycle 
initiatives.  END COMMENT. 
 
JAPANESE PROPOSAL: FOCUS ON FRONT END NFC ACTIVITIES 
--------------------------------------------- ------- 
15. (U) Ms Tomiko ICHIKAWA, of the Japanese MFA Energy 
Division, provided a briefing outlining the Japanese IAEA 
Standby Arrangements Systems (SAS) for Nuclear Fuel Supply 
proposal.  Billed as a compatible and complementary proposal 
to the existing RANF proposals, the goal of SAS is to enhance 
transparency nd predictability of the NFC front-end market. 
Te SAS proposal framework identifies the IAEA as a entral 
information repository of IAEA member stats NFC activities: 
uranium supply, storage, convesion, enrichment, and fuel 
fabrication.  Under SS, IAEA member states would notify the 
IAEA by priodically registering their current uranium oresupply, reserve supply, conversion, enrichment, and fuel 
fabrication activities and this information would be made 
available to all IAEA members. 
 
THOUGHTS ON SHARING NUCLEAR FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY 
--------------------------------------------- --------- 
16. (SBU) Mr. Lebedev indicated that Russia is not opposed to 
sharing (some) enrichment technology and cited Kazakhstan as 
an example where technology sharing is taking place.  Lebedev 
emphasized a "black box" approach to this technology sharing 
and stated no classified information would be shared even 
under IUEC.  Mr. Arthur de Montalembert, the Vice President 
for International Affairs and Marketing, Areva - France, 
voiced strong opposition to sharing enrichment technology 
citing nuclear enrichment as a clear dual use technology. 
 
BRAZIL: A FUTURE FUEL PROVIDER - NO CONFLICT GOOD VS EVIL 
--------------------------------------------- ------------ 
17. (SBU) Ambassador Antonio Guerreiro, the Brazilian 
permanent representative at the IAEA, made statements about 
how Brazil has become "energy self sufficient" despite being 
cut off by the U.S. in the 1970's and voiced Brazil's role as 
a future nuclear fuel provider.  Guerreiro specifically 
mentioned the agreement met last February between Brazil and 
Argentina to create a bilateral enterprise for nuclear fuel 
enrichment as an "important initiative."  Guerreiro 
emphasized Brazil's neutrality on the nuclear fuel supply 
debate between supplier verses consumer states stating 
"Brazil has no conflict between what is good and what is 
evil; we only see two legitimate points of view."  Guerreiro 
stressed countries seeking nuclear energy should be dissuaded 
from enrichment activities for economic reasons and that 
nuclear fuel assurances should not request the transfer of 
sensitive nuclear technology. 
 
A REMINDER - THIS IS ABOUT AVOIDING "FUTURE IRANS" 
--------------------------------------------- ----- 
18. (SBU) During a panel presentation on political aspects of 
the fuel cycle, David Noble, UNVIE Nuclear Counselor, made a 
strong opening statement, "If not for the particular case of 
Iran, it is likely we would not be having a conference like 
this."  Up to this point in the conference, Iran had hardly 
been mentioned.  Ambassador Guerreiro of Brazil commented 
previously "regardless if Iran's nuclear ambitions are 
legitimately peaceful or not, these ambitions are making 
Iran's neighbors very nervous."  Noble emphasized the 
suspicious nature of Iran's "peaceful" nuclear power program 
and Iran's failure to meet its obligations to the 
international community as spelled out in three UNSCRs.  He 
said it is U.S. policy to encourage countries to consider 
Nuclear Power, but to discourage the spread of sensitive 
technologies.  Noble described practical efforts to pursue 
this path through RANF, GNEP and the U.S./Russia initiative. 
After Noble's presentation, both Minty and Serry questioned 
the U.S. commitment to meet its NPT disarmament obligations 
 
BERLIN 00000558  004 OF 004 
 
 
and accused the U.S. of continuing development of nuclear 
weapons.  Noble emphasized the fact that the U.S. has made 
considerable progress reducing nuclear weapon stockpiles and 
pointed out that ElBaradeis' assertion that all NWS are 
&extending and modernizing8 their arsenals is wrong. 
 
CONFERENCE CLOSING REMARKS 
-------------------------- 
19. (SBU) Even though Germany's RANF proposal to establish an 
IAEA-run enrichment facility was hardly discussed beyond 
ElBaradei and Steinmeier's keynote addresses, German MFA 
Deputy Commissioner for Arms Control and Disarmament Ruediger 
Luedeking reinforced the proposal in his conference summary 
by saying the future of fuel services runs through the IAEA. 
He also highlighted the recurring theme emphasizing the need 
to build mutual trust between NWS and NNWS.  Political 
considerations remain the only concern for future disruption 
of nuclear fuel supplies.  Luedeking summarized the 
conference offering eight points of consideration; 1) We 
should consider nuclear supply arrangements not in isolation, 
but within the strict guidelines of the NPT with a joint 
vision of creating a world free of nuclear weapons, 2) we 
should avoid created dividing lines created amongst NPT 
members and refrain from discriminatory tactics, 3) we should 
not amend or re-interpret NPT article 4, 4) there is 
recognition of the dual-use aspects of civilian nuclear 
technology, 5) the worldwide nuclear industry expansion is 
happening, 6) any nuclear supply initiative must be 
economically viable and attractive to states, 7) The IAEA is 
the right place to work out solutions, and 8) the path 
forward is dependent on future understanding and overcoming 
psychological barriers. 
 
COMMENTS 
-------- 
20. (SBU) Although there was little discussion of the various 
RANF proposals, the conference was extremely useful in 
bringing representatives of potential nuclear power states 
together with industry representatives.  Most of the 
developing country representatives were from technical 
agencies.  For instance, Malaysia,s delegation included the 
Deputy Director General of the Technical Services Program of 
the Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology, the Principal 
Assistant Director of the Malaysian Nuclear Agency, and the 
Director of the Energy Section of the Prime Minister,s 
Economic Planning Unit.  The technical details and practical 
aspects of the presentations and subsequent discussion were 
in stark contrast to the theoretical/legal points of 
ElBaradei.  Russia,s presentation by Lebedev was 
particularly useful, as were presentations by Finland, 
Ukraine and Korea, who all argued that it possible to develop 
a nuclear power program without developing indigenous fuel 
services. 
TIMKEN JR