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Viewing cable 08LAPAZ589, BOLIVIA: A PRODUCTIVE SECTOR SQUEEZE IN SANTA CRUZ

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08LAPAZ589 2008-03-17 12:46 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy La Paz
VZCZCXRO6861
PP RUEHLMC
DE RUEHLP #0589/01 0771246
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 171246Z MAR 08
FM AMEMBASSY LA PAZ
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 6837
INFO RUEHAC/AMEMBASSY ASUNCION 7710
RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA 5065
RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 8978
RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES 6199
RUEHCV/AMEMBASSY CARACAS 3411
RUEHGE/AMEMBASSY GEORGETOWN 0644
RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA 3632
RUEHMD/AMEMBASSY MADRID 3930
RUEHMN/AMEMBASSY MONTEVIDEO 5330
RUEHPO/AMEMBASSY PARAMARIBO 0324
RUEHQT/AMEMBASSY QUITO 6034
RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 0667
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
RHEBAAA/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC
RUEHUB/USINT HAVANA 0996
RUEHLMC/MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORP
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 LA PAZ 000589 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 03/15/2018 
TAGS: ECON PGOV PREL FAS AGR FAO IFAD BL
SUBJECT: BOLIVIA: A PRODUCTIVE SECTOR SQUEEZE IN SANTA CRUZ 
 
REF: LA PAZ 3259 
 
Classified By: EcoPol Chief Mike Hammer for reasons 1.4 (b) and (d). 
 
------- 
Summary 
------- 
 
1.  (C)   The Department of Santa Cruz is the commercial 
agricultural center of Bolivia.  It has suffered two 
consecutive years of flooding, but Morales Administration 
political actions, neglect, and mismanagement have combined 
to exacerbate the problems.  The agricultural sector has 
faced diesel shortages, anti-inflationary measures which have 
undercut progress in establishing export markets, doubts 
about land tenure created by a new land management law, and 
the looming vote on the MAS proposed constitution.  Local 
officials are wondering aloud if the central government is 
truly trying to destroy the productive sector in order to 
reform it following Marxist dogma. In the meantime, the 
country will suffer from higher priced agricultural goods, 
market distortions (and the corruption they generate), and 
the increasing unrest that accompanies popular discontent in 
Bolivia.  End summary. 
 
---------- 
The Floods 
---------- 
 
2.  (SBU)  The flooding which occurred around the new year 
has cost the Santa Cruz agricultural sector dearly. 
According to the Association of Wheat and Seed Oil Producers 
(ANAPO) about 25% of its principal crop, soya, has been lost 
and an additional 20% of the harvest is threatened by the wet 
conditions.  Moreover, the department's infrastructure (roads 
and bridges) was heavily damaged. The flooding hit 
particularly hard in the north, where farmers were cut off 
for long periods of time. According to Reinaldo Diaz, 
President of ANAPO, the central government has yet to help 
with any of the repairs.  Karen Balcazar, Director for 
International Relations for the Santa Cruz Prefect, says that 
the central government originally budgeted $600,000 for roads 
in Santa Cruz, but has reduced that amount to only $200,000 
because of budget concerns.  Moreover, they are considering a 
month delay in delivering the funds, which could impact the 
transport of the rice harvest. 
 
---------------- 
Diesel Shortages 
---------------- 
 
3.  (C)  In November and December, before the rains hit, 
Santa Cruz faced severe shortages of diesel fuel (Reftel). 
Diaz reported that about one third of the diesel required 
during the critical harvest/seeding cycle could not be 
delivered.  While the state hydrocarbon company (YPFB) claims 
that shortages were caused by a lack of trucks and difficult 
shipping conditions for barges on the Paraguay-Parana river, 
the general manager of the Chamber of Eastern Agriculture 
(CAO), Edilberto Osinaga, points out that YPFB was well aware 
of the yearly consumption patterns of diesel use in the 
department.  Osinaga found it very suspicious that no 
planning was made for the seasonal upturns in consumption. 
 
4.  (C)  The results were dramatic.  In the north, where 
shortages were most acute, only half of the proposed soya 
acreage was planted.  Overall, around 27% of the planned soya 
planting took place and, combined with the flooding, harvest 
may well only be half of what was expected (Note:  These 
numbers were provided by ANAPO.  Valmor Schaffer, General 
Manager of ADM in Santa Cruz, said that ANAPO figures should 
be taken with a "tear factor" or about a 10 percent 
exaggeration rate. End note.) 
 
5.  (U)  The economy of northern Santa Cruz would be near 
 
LA PAZ 00000589  002 OF 003 
 
 
collapse if not for the dramatic worldwide rise in 
agricultural commodity prices.  Prices from soya have risen 
from between $190-220 per ton a year ago, to $350 currently. 
With farmers in Bolivia spending between $300-$400 per 
hectare and each hectare producing between 2 to 3 tons of 
soya, profits will be excellent for farmers able to harvest 
(for example, a 1000 hectare farm could expect upwards of 
$600,000 in profits). However, even as the prices for their 
products rise, production will continue to decline just as it 
did last year when the volume of seed oil exports fell 6.6 
percent. 
 
------------------- 
The Law of the Land 
------------------- 
 
6.  (SBU)  The new land law (3545), whose regulations were 
approved in August 2007, is further limiting growth in the 
agricultural sector.  The law threatens expropriation as its 
primary tool for punitive action for violations of often 
opaque regulations.  For example, the law dictates that the 
"social/economic function" of the land must always be 
completed with a government review taking place every two 
years.  As part of this "social/economic function" lands must 
comply with an overall soil use plan.  However, there are 
many overlapping regulations that address soil use and 
farmers fear arbitrary application of the law.  Moreover, 
there is no provision for leaving land fallow or for 
considering improvements to a farm (i.e. wells, roads, or 
irrigation systems) as complying with a social/economic 
function.  Additionally, while the government has temporarily 
suspended inspections because of the flooding, the "process 
of regularizing" agricultural holdings will begin after the 
natural disaster is declared over.  Farmers worry that 
previously flooded and unplanted land will be declared as not 
fulfilling its social/economic function. 
 
7.  (SBU)  Land can also be expropriated for violations of 
labor or environmental law.  Considering that only the 
largest farming operations have the administrative staff to 
adequately comply with Bolivian labor laws, this may enable 
the Bolivian government to arbitrarily seize farms. 
Moreover, the constant threat of expropriation is limiting 
the ability of farmers to use land as collateral when seeking 
loans.  The CAO general manager Edilberto said that only 
foreigners are currently making investments in agriculture 
and that a steady 10-15% increase in land under cultivation 
over the last decade has come to a halt since Morales was 
elected. 
 
8.  (SBU)  In addition to the land law, a referendum on 
whether to limit farms to 10,000 or 5,000 hectares in the new 
constitutions looms over the industry as well.  Edilberto 
estimates that a 5,000 hectare limit would affect around 500 
farms. 
 
----------------------------- 
Export Bans to Curb Inflation 
----------------------------- 
 
9.  (SBU)  At the beginning of March, the Morales 
Administration announced that it was prohibiting the 
exportation of seven agricultural products:  cattle, beef, 
chicken, wheat, corn, rice, and wheat flour.  (Note: 
Initially sugar was included in the decree, but Abelardo 
Suarz, vice-president of Guabira Sugar said that the ministry 
called the day after the decree to apologize and say that 
they could continue to export. End Note)  While none of the 
banned export products generate the bulk of their earnings 
through exports, investment plans and the credibility of the 
sector has been damaged.  Over the past four years, poultry 
producers have worked to meet Japanese import requirements. 
Exports had just begun, only to be arbitrarily cut-off by 
government action. It is unclear if credibility can be 
reestablished. 
 
LA PAZ 00000589  003 OF 003 
 
 
 
------- 
Comment 
------- 
 
10.  (C)  The people of Santa Cruz are convinced that the 
Morales Administration is putting the squeeze on the 
productive sector in order to harm the opposition and/or 
justify land expropriations.  In the meantime, however, it is 
difficult to understand how the administration expects to 
weather the inflationary storm that such actions accentuate. 
Over the first two months of the year, inflation has risen to 
3.7 percent, nearly half of the government projected 8 
percent for the year.  Moreover, food prices are leading the 
charge with the price of lunch having risen an estimated 6 
percent this year alone.  IMF representatives recently told 
the Embassy that they expect inflation to top 20% for 2008. 
People are increasingly frustrated and the government 
increasingly sensitive.  When IMF representatives mentioned 
their forecast to the minister of finance, he said that a 
public pronouncement of such a high prediction would amount 
to "economic terrorism."  It is ironic that the government's 
actions against Santa Cruz producers are exacerbating 
economic problems and in turn complicating the entire MAS 
agenda and, indeed, the Morales presidency. 
GOLDBERG