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Viewing cable 07SHENYANG178, PRC/DPRK: NEW NK BORDER FENCING; INSPECTIONS AND

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07SHENYANG178 2007-09-14 11:06 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Consulate Shenyang
VZCZCXRO7602
PP RUEHCN RUEHGH RUEHVC
DE RUEHSH #0178/01 2571106
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 141106Z SEP 07
FM AMCONSUL SHENYANG
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 8190
INFO RUEHOO/CHINA POSTS COLLECTIVE
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 7918
RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL 1763
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC 0059
RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC 0041
RHHJJAA/JICPAC PEARL HARBOR HI 0011
RUCGEVC/JOINT STAFF WASHDC 0024
RUEAHLC/HOMELAND SECURITY CENTER WASHINGTON DC
RHEHAAA/NSC WASHDC
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC 0068
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 0015
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 SHENYANG 000178 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE PASS TO DOE FOR NNSA 
STATE PASS TO DHS FOR CBP, ICE 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: TEN YEARS AFTER KOREAN UNIFICATION 
TAGS: PREL PINR ECON PREF KN KS CH
SUBJECT: PRC/DPRK: NEW NK BORDER FENCING; INSPECTIONS AND 
FLOOD AID; SMUGGLING AND BORDER SECURITY; BANKING 
 
REF: SHENYANG 128 
 
Classified By: CONSUL GENERAL STEPHEN B. WICKMAN. 
REASONS: 1.4(b)/(d). 
 
1. (C) SUMMARY: Recent PRC inspections of cross-border PRC- 
DPRK traffic through Dandong show no change.  One Western 
NGO recently shipping flood-related medical aid to North 
Korea encountered rather "strict" PRC customs requirements 
that slowed the shipment by several days.  North Korea has 
started to fence several kilometers of its border near 
Dandong, but the activity is actually part of a larger 
project that began two years ago, according to local 
residents, who also report that both sides of the border 
have tightened in recent months.  Evident now in Dandong 
are indirect signs of an official acknowledgement of the 
cross-border smuggling that persists in the area.  On the 
financial front, the status of previous PRC prohibitions-- 
at least nominal--on cross-border banking with North Korea 
has become less clear during the second half 2007.  END 
SUMMARY. 
 
2. (C) Poloff traveled along the southern end of the PRC- 
DPRK border September 11-12, including to Dandong, a 
strategic thoroughfare opposite Sinuiju, North Korea; 
Donggang, a county-level port city roughly 40-45 kilometers 
south of Dandong; and Hushan, a small locality along the 
Yalu River approximately 20 kilometers north of downtown 
Dandong. 
 
CROSS-BORDER TRAFFIC: INSPECTIONS, MILITARY EXPORTS? 
--------------------------------------------- ------- 
3. (C) Dandong Land Port had--compared to previous 
observations over the past year during the same time of day 
and time interval--a somewhat sluggish feel to it on the 
morning of September 11 during a ninety-minute observation. 
Between 1000 and 1040, Poloff observed approximately 30-40 
large, closed-container PRC trucks depart China for 
Sinuiju; the vast majority, whose cabs many drivers had 
stuffed with bags of clothing, sported pre-clearance tags 
and were subject to no visible inspections as they 
processed out.  Customs officers appeared to enhance their 
vigilance as inbound traffic from Sinuiju entered Dandong. 
Between 1040-1130, Poloff observed PRC customs officers 
stare into the cargo holds of many (and climb into the cabs 
of some) of the 50-60 mostly large, empty North Korean 
container trucks--mostly newer Japanese models--that 
entered the land port.  Chinese business partners greeted 
many of the incoming North Korean drivers, passing them 
cell phones while shouting directions. 
 
4. (C) Parked, queued next to the customs warehouse within 
the land port were eight army-green Jiefang-model First 
Auto Works (FAW) military cargo/utility trucks.  Rounded, 
army-green tarpaulins enclosed the rears of seven of the 
two-ton vehicles, all of which appeared to have been 
somewhat dated but newly refurbished.  Poloff observed that 
what was likely a decal/logo on the drivers' doors had been 
painted over.  None of the vehicles bore plates, nor were 
any visibly marked for export, as Poloff had seen in the 
past with military vehicles similarly queued for eventual 
passage into North Korea. 
 
INSPECTIONS AND FLOOD AID: ONE ANECDOTE 
--------------------------------------- 
5. (C) A staffer at the Dandong branch of the Spiritual 
Awakening Mission (SAM), a Christian medical NGO focused on 
North Korea and China, on September 11 told Poloff of his 
recent experience with PRC customs inspections during the 
process of sending the DPRK humanitarian aid--in the form 
of medical supplies--in response to the recent flooding. 
Three weeks ago, SAM received a formal request from DPRK 
authorities, after which the group promptly assembled 
10,000 small medical kits packed with basic medicines and 
first-aid supplies.  DPRK authorities claimed that the 
country had roughly 5000 clinics nationwide, to which SAM 
targeted two kits each.  (Each kit, SAM hopes, will last 
several months.) 
 
SHENYANG 00000178  002 OF 003 
 
 
 
6. (C) The SAM staffer reported that PRC customs was quite 
"strict."  Even though the PRC authorities had been invited 
to observe the packing process at SAM's base, they required 
the shipment to be deposited at a warehouse at Dandong's 
rail station for a period of three days, during which the 
goods would be inspected before being transported by rail 
to the DPRK.  The staffer complained, moreover, that the 
PRC authorities would only permit SAM to send Chinese-made 
supplies, even though the quality is inferior to that of 
Western medicines.  Chinese customs officers, he said, 
opened some of the kits to verify that the contents were, 
in fact, Chinese-made.  North Korean customs officers are 
equally strict in certain respects, the staffer also noted: 
they will accept Chinese or, preferably, U.S. medical 
products, but absolutely no such South Korean products.  He 
recounted, for instance, one experience in which SAM had 
donated South Korean-made vitamins and other high-quality 
ROK medical products as humanitarian aid, only to have them 
refused at the North Korean border because of their origin. 
 
 
NEW NORTH KOREAN BORDER FENCING: SOME PERSPECTIVE 
--------------------------------------------- ---- 
7. (C) North Korea has started fencing several kilometers 
of its border near Hushan, outside of Dandong proper.  The 
fencing thus far is limited to several kilometers, mostly 
around the perimeter of Yuchi Island--a small DPRK-held 
island in the Yalu River that abuts Hushan--and consists of 
roughly six-foot-tall vertical concrete posts (not "T" 
shaped as on the Chinese side) strung with wire.  Poloff on 
September 12 observed at least 25-30 North Korean soldiers, 
in shirtsleeves and small groups, ploddingly stringing wire 
between the fence posts.  Very little wire at present has 
been strung on any of the posts, and even after the task is 
completed, the porous border will continue to be easily 
traversable just a short distance away in either direction 
from where the fencing ends. 
 
8. (C) Four Hushan locals who regularly interact and have 
traded with the nearby DPRK border guards offered some 
perspective on the fencing.  The North Korean side started 
erecting the fence posts a month ago, the riverside 
residents confirmed.  But they told Poloff that the 
project--visible quite literally from their "backyards"-- 
actually started two years ago.  It initially focused on 
building a concrete or cement retaining wall/dam, onto 
which the fence posts were recently installed.  The North 
Korean soldiers involved with this project, the locals 
said, are engineering troops, and they plan to fence nearly 
all of Yuchi Island. 
 
THE BORDER TIGHTENING? 
---------------------- 
9. (C) Security along the border has become "more strict" 
on both sides of the border in recent months, according to 
the same locals.  Until recently, for instance, North 
Korean border guards posted just across the Yalu River 
would regularly interact with these same Hushan residents 
(albeit cautiously), even within view of their superiors. 
Now the nearby North Korean border guards "won't dare" if 
their superiors are around, locals told Poloff, citing the 
recent example of a North Korean border guard-"friend" 
whose superior officer locked him in his guard post after 
he caught him interacting with Chinese across the river. 
On the Chinese side of the border, Poloff continued--at 
least anecdotally--to encounter an increasingly more 
visible People's Armed Police (PAP) presence.  On September 
12 alone, Poloff spotted at least seven PAP patrols, mostly 
in jeeps containing 3-4 soldiers, roving the border both 
north and south of Dandong (though not in the city proper). 
 
10. (C) Not-so-subtle signs of official acknowledgement of 
the cross-border smuggling occurring in/around Dandong is 
now evident in downtown Dandong for the first time in a 
year of Poloff's regular visits to the area.  On a number 
of the docks that dot Dandong's riverside promenade were 
strung red banners calling for an end to various and sundry 
 
SHENYANG 00000178  003 OF 003 
 
 
"illegal activities."  Summing up the exhortations most 
comprehensively was one which read: "Strictly combat 
smuggling, alien smuggling (toudu), drug smuggling, cross- 
border fishing and other illegal activities."  Other 
banners focused solely on drugs, while still others 
specifically mentioned the use of riverfront boats in 
illegal activities.  A similar sort of publicity drive was 
evident in Donggang several months ago (see reftel), but 
few signs of the campaign remained when Poloff visited 
again on September 12.  On a number of boathouse walls on 
the road between Dandong and Donggang, Poloff still saw a 
few tattered, handwritten posters that called for an end to 
alien smuggling and other types of similar illegal 
activities that are typically conducted using the many 
riverside boats in this area. 
 
BANKING WITH THE DPRK VIA DANDONG 
--------------------------------- 
11. (C) The status of previous--at least nominal--official 
PRC prohibitions in Dandong on renminbi-denominated 
financial transactions involving North Korea has become 
less clear in recent months.  Staff at the Bank of China's 
Dandong branch told us on September 11 that they still 
would not process remittances for North Korea because of 
"sanctions."  But one staffer also said that such 
transactions could now be processed at the Dandong branch of 
the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) through 
an account held there by the DPRK Guangxiang Financial Co., 
Ltd. (Chaoxian Guangxiang Jinrong Shehui in Chinese).  When 
asked about this arrangement, staff at Dandong's ICBC 
initially denied the account, but told us when pressed that 
one needed to ask one's North Korean business partner since 
"they would know what to do."  (NOTE: Online reports 
suggest that Guangxiang may be an arm of the DPRK's Korean 
Trade Bank (Chaoxian Maoyi Yinhang).  Its listed address is 
1602 Huiyou Garden, Dandong Development Zone; its phone 
( 86)0415-3127485. END NOTE.) 
 
12. (C) The Bank of China's Shenyang branch confirmed by 
telephone on September 14 that prohibitions on business 
with the DPRK remain in place.  The international business 
department of ICBC's Shenyang branch, however, told us the 
same day that it could process a transfer of funds to the 
DPRK, though only via Hong Kong and not in renminbi.  By 
contrast, the Shenyang branch of China's Merchant's Bank 
told us that it, like the Bank of China, cannot process 
remittances for North Korea because of "U.S. sanctions." 
WICKMAN