VZCZCXRO6922
RR RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHLN RUEHMA RUEHNH RUEHPB RUEHPOD
DE RUEHHI #1570/01 2470813
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 040813Z SEP 07
FM AMEMBASSY HANOI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 6251
INFO RUEHHM/AMCONSUL HO CHI MINH 3630
RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE
RUEHZN/ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COLLECTIVE
RHMFIUU/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC//USDP/ISA/AP/ES//
RHMFIUU/CDR USPACOM HONOLULU HI//J00/J005/J006/J01LA/J06/J5//

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 HANOI 001570 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR EAP/MLS, OES/PCI 
STATE PASS TO NOAA/NOS/OIA (JONATHAN JUSTI) 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: SENV ENRG EPET VM
SUBJECT: Vietnam Starts to Organize Oil Pollution Policy 
 
REF: (A) HO CHI MINH CITY 384 (B) 4/26/07 Whittington-Waller e-mail 
 
HANOI 00001570  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
¶1. (SBU) Summary.  Government of Vietnam (GVN) environmental 
officials say that the GVN has begun to better coordinate its 
response to oil pollution that plagued the nation's coastlines in 
the first half of 2007.  The Ministry of Natural Resources and the 
Environment (MONRE) now chairs an inter-agency oil pollution working 
group tasked with analyzing prior pollution incidents, responding to 
future spills, and seeking foreign assistance.  Previous GVN efforts 
in this area were unfocused and led to scattershot requests for 
assistance from many GVN agencies. Though the GVN believes the 
spilled oil originated in Southeast Asia or China, it has been 
unable to precisely determine the source of the pollution.  End 
Summary. 
 
MONRE IN CHARGE 
--------------- 
 
¶2. (SBU) On August 28, MONRE Director General Tran Thi Minh Ha told 
ESTHOff that in April the GVN created an inter-agency pollution 
working group to respond to a series of marine oil pollution 
incidents.  The Director General of the Agency of Environmental 
Protection (VEPA) heads the group, which meets monthly, and also 
includes director general-level representation from the Ministries 
of Foreign Affairs, Justice, Agriculture and Rural Development, 
Defense, Transportation, along with the Office of Government and the 
National Committee for Search and Rescue (VINARSACOM).  Previously, 
VINARSACOM had led the Vietnamese efforts in this area and the GVN's 
decision to task MONRE was part of a broader GVN decision to 
increase MONRE responsibilities for maritime issues. 
 
POLLUTION HISTORY 
----------------- 
 
¶3. (SBU) From January through June, Vietnam suffered four separate 
waves of marine oil pollution incidents with each wave impacting a 
different geographical region, from Haiphong in the north to Ca Mau 
in the far south.  Each wave consisted of thick and wide sheens of 
crude oil washing up along the shore and impacted tourist beaches, a 
sea turtle sanctuary and commercial fisheries (ref A).  The GVN 
estimated that the pollution incidents resulted in nearly 2,000 tons 
of oil and contaminated sand.  GVN officials noted that they had 
heard anecdotally that other Southeast Asian nations also had 
encountered similar marine oil pollution, but had no firm details. 
 
WHERE DID IT COME FROM? 
----------------------- 
 
¶4. (SBU) According to GVN analyses, the slicks consisted primarily 
of crude oil, with very small amounts of commercial oil, possibly 
from passing ships. The unique characteristics of the oil, including 
low paraffin and sulfur content, indicated that it originated in 
Southeast Asia or China.  However, Ha stated that the GVN lacked 
access to international databases in order to match its samples to 
suspected sources.  (Note: Per ref B, industry contacts earlier 
commented that state-owned PetroVietnam, a well-connected oil-tanker 
cleaning service, or tankers emptying their bilges while traversing 
Vietnamese waters could be the source(s) of at least some of the 
discharges and that the GVN had the capacity to determine the origin 
of the oil slicks.) 
 
PREVIOUS REQUESTS FOR ASSISTANCE 
-------------------------------- 
 
¶5. (SBU) Beginning in March, several GVN agencies began to request 
USG assistance, culminating in an August diplomatic note from the 
Vietnamese Embassy in Washington to the State Department requesting 
"full cooperation ... in research activities, information sharing, 
and assistance in dealing with environmental problems."  Earlier the 
Ministry of Defense had approached the U.S. Department of Defense 
(DOD) for assistance but had not responded to repeated DOD attempts 
to provide detection and response support.  Other GVN agencies had 
also made appeals to the U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric 
Administration (NOAA) for technical assistance similar to the 
USAID-funded oil spill contingency planning activity conducted 
2002-2005 in partnership with Vung Tau Province and PetroVietnam. 
 
WHAT VIETNAM WANTS 
------------------ 
 
¶6. (SBU) Ha asserted that she would be the GVN point of contact for 
all marine pollution assistance requests.  The GVN would like to 
better prepare for future incidents and create a legal and 
 
HANOI 00001570  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
regulatory regime to better control and deter oil pollution.  Ha 
clarified that the August diplomatic note sought assistance targeted 
to marine oil pollution and not broader environmental issues (though 
the GVN hoped that oil pollution assistance would lead to greater 
cooperation on maritime environmental issues generally).  Specific 
requests, which Ha agreed to detail in one document approved by the 
oil spill working group, included greater access to real-time 
continuous remote imagery, assistance in matching oil pollution 
samples to samples in international databases, and response 
training. Ha stated that Vietnam would share its oil samples and 
analyses if the U.S. agreed to provide technical assistance. 
Additionally, Vietnam lacks the capacity to determine the 
environmental and economic costs of marine oil pollution, which it 
would use to seek restitution from the source(s) of the discharges. 
 
 
COMMENT: GVN SEEKING FOCUS 
-------------------------- 
 
¶7. (SBU)  While the recent formation of the inter-agency oil 
pollution working group indicates a desire to better coordinate 
efforts in this area, we are not as certain of the GVN resolve to 
find the source of the oil pollution -- particularly given the 
possibility of PetroVietnam's culpability.  Additionally, despite 
Ha's claims, it remains unclear whether she actually will function 
as the one POC for the USG on this issue. We do believe that the GVN 
wants to improve its ability to respond to oil pollution and 
strengthen the related regulatory regime.  The severe, mysterious 
marine oil pollution incidents have caused tremendous environmental 
and economic damage, particularly in the fisheries and tourism 
sectors.  If the GVN can better focus its requests for assistance, 
we recommend that U.S. agencies provide available resources and 
expertise. 
 
MICHALAK