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Viewing cable 06SKOPJE251, MACEDONIA: GOVERNMENT FOCUSED ON GAMEPLAN FOR NATO

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06SKOPJE251 2006-03-14 16:13 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Skopje
VZCZCXRO8379
PP RUEHFL RUEHKW RUEHLA RUEHROV RUEHSR
DE RUEHSQ #0251/01 0731613
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 141613Z MAR 06
FM AMEMBASSY SKOPJE
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4402
INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
RHMFISS/CDR TF FALCON
RHMFISS/CDRUSAREUR HEIDELBERG GE
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC
RUEKDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC
RHMFISS/HQ USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHINGTON DC
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC
RUESEN/SKOPJE BETA
RUEHSQ/USDAO SKOPJE MK
RHEHNSC/WHITE HOUSE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 05 SKOPJE 000251 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR EUR/SCE, EUR/RPM FOR PDAS VOLKER 
DEFENSE FOR OSD (SSCHLESS) 
EUCOM FOR ECJ5-E (ANDERSON) 
USMISSION USNATO FOR POL HBAEZ 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 03/14/2016 
TAGS: PREL PGOV MARR MOPS NATO MK
SUBJECT: MACEDONIA: GOVERNMENT FOCUSED ON GAMEPLAN FOR NATO 
MEMBERSHIP PREPARATIONS 
 
REF: SKOPJE 207 
 
Classified By: P/E CHIEF SHUBLER, REASONS 1.4(B) & (D). 
 
1. (SBU) SUMMARY: During her March 7-8 visit to Skopje with a 
U.S. interagency delegation, USNATO Ambassador Nuland told 
Macedonian government and opposition interlocutors that free 
and fair parliamentary elections would be one key to keeping 
NATO's door open in 2008.  She urged them to continue 
Framework Agreement (FWA) implementation, enhance religious 
freedom protection, strengthen rule of law, and improve 
business conditions to make the best possible case for 
Macedonia's NATO membership prospects in 2008.  She noted 
that time is of the essence and that Macedonia must be ready 
to make that case by mid-2007.  She urged the government to 
work on promoting Macedonia abroad as a stable, multi-ethnic 
democracy.  Amb. Nuland praised Macedonia's progress on 
defense reforms, strong defense spending, and ambitious 
overseas deployment activities, while cautioning against 
"overheating." 
 
2. (SBU) Government and opposition interlocutors acknowledged 
the critical importance of free and fair elections, and 
generally agreed that FWA implementation had been successful 
to date.  They agreed on the need to continue judicial 
reforms; to combat corruption, police abuse and trafficking 
in persons; and to improve the business investment climate. 
They acknowledged the need to improve Macedonia's image 
abroad.  Nearly all noted the nationwide and party-wide 
consensus on the desirability of NATO membership.  The 
government knows it has its NATO membership gameplan and much 
hard work ahead to execute it.  Our challenge will be keeping 
the government focused on the gameplan during the 
pre-electoral campaign period, and ensuring the next 
government moves quickly to deepen reforms.  End Summary. 
 
 
INTERAGENCY USG DELEGATION VISIT MARCH 7-8 
 
3. (U) USNATO Ambassador Victoria Nuland led a US interagency 
delegation to Skopje March 7-8 for discussions with President 
Crvenkovski, and with Prime Minister Buckovski, FM Mitreva, 
MOD Manasievski, Deputy PM Xhaferi and other senior 
government officials.  The delegation also met with 
opposition leaders in the parliament, and with Parliamentary 
Speaker (PS) Jordanovski and the Parliamentary Committees on 
Foreign Affairs and Defense and Security.  Ambassador Nuland 
gave a presentation on "NATO in the 21st Century" to 
government officials, members of the diplomatic corps, 
think-tank representatives and the media, under the auspices 
of the Macedonian Euro-Atlantic Council on March 8.  Members 
of the US delegation included EUR PDAS Kurt Volker; OSD 
Principal Director for Eurasia Scott Schless; CAPT Paul 
"Chip" Jaenicken, Chief of Western Europe/Balkans Division, 
JCS; COL. Michael Anderson, EUCOM ECJ5-E Director of the 
Europe Division; and USNATO POLOFF Alejandro Baez. 
Ambassador, DATT (notetaker), and P/E Chief (notetaker) 
accompanied the delegation. 
 
KEY US MESSAGES: 
 
--FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS KEY TO KEEPING NATO'S OPEN DOOR OPEN 
 
4. (SBU) In her meetings, Ambassador Nuland said the USG 
wanted to help Macedonia become the strongest possible 
candidate for NATO membership by 2008.  Macedonia's success 
as a multi-ethnic democracy was a model for the region and 
beyond, but the roots of the country's democracy needed to be 
strengthened.  As a first priority, the government and 
opposition had to ensure the freest, fairest parliamentary 
elections in 2006; otherwise, the door to NATO would close 
for 2008. 
 
--FWA IMPLEMENTATION, RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, STRENGTHEN RULE OF 
LAW, IMPROVE BUSINESS CONDITIONS 
 
 
SKOPJE 00000251  002 OF 005 
 
 
5. (SBU) Nuland stressed that Macedonia needed to continue 
implementation of the 2001 Ohrid Framework Agreement (FWA); 
to enhance protection of religious freedom; to step up 
efforts to combat police corruption and abuses, as well as 
trafficking in persons; and to complete the packet of 
judicial reforms it had begun in 2005.  The courts had to 
become fully functional, with at least several major 
corruption cases prosecuted by mid-2007.  The government also 
had to ensure that privatization of the national electrical 
power supply company was a "model of transparency;" that 
would help improve investor confidence in the country. 
 
--TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE, WORK ON IMPROVING MACEDONIA'S 
IMAGE, NO MEMBERSHIP GUARANTEE 
 
6. (SBU) Nuland urged the government, parliament, and 
opposition leaders to work together "in national unity" to 
coordinate efforts on NATO accession criteria.  Time was of 
the essence, since key reforms had to be completed or well 
underway by mid-2007. 
 
7. (SBU) Nuland pointed out that Europeans do not view 
developments in Macedonia as positively as does the US.  The 
country still has an image problem, especially with Germany, 
Netherlands, and the Nordic countries.  The GOM would have to 
promote a new image by telling Macedonia's story to European 
governments, parliamentarians, and elites.  Similarly, 
Macedonia needs to reach out to the U.S. Senators who would 
have to ratify Macedonia's NATO candidacy. 
 
8. (SBU) Although the U.S. would support Macedonia, Nuland 
stressed that the responsibility for meeting NATO's 
performance-based standards ultimately falls to the 
government, the opposition, and the citizens of Macedonia. 
There were no guarantees; NATO decisions on membership would 
be based on individual performance.  At the Riga Summit, 
Allies would reaffirm NATO's Open Door policy, possibly 
adding encouraging language tailored for each aspirant. 
 
--DEFENSE REFORMS ON TRACK, DON'T OVERHEAT 
 
9. (SBU) Nuland said Macedonia's overseas deployments and 
financial commitment to defense spending were admirable, but 
that the government had to be careful to avoid "overheating." 
 She thanked Macedonia for becoming a "net exporter of 
security," and urged continued progress on defense reforms 
and downsizing.  Nuland said it was important to continue 
efforts to build an ethnically representative military, while 
at the same time not sacrificing quality. 
 
ELECTIONS: DISPELLING ATMOSPHERE OF MUTUAL MISTRUST 
 
10. (C) PM Buckovski acknowledged the importance of the 
parliamentary elections; the government wanted to hold them 
before the first week in July to give the next government 
time enough to constitute itself and continue the reform 
process.  FM Mitreva noted that the government wanted to 
ensure that the elections did not detract from the reform 
process. 
 
11. (SBU) Opposition VMRO-DPMNE leader Gruesvki expressed 
concern that the government's draft electoral code would be 
subject to manipulation, increasing chances of fraud during 
the elections.  He said the opposition wanted to dispel the 
atmosphere of mistrust and find a compromise on the electoral 
code.  (NOTE: Over the March 11-12 weekend, the government 
and opposition parties reached a compromise on the key 
sticking point in the electoral code regarding composition of 
local election boards. END NOTE.) 
 
12. (SBU) Other ethnic Macedonian opposition leaders agreed 
on the need for a compromise on the electoral code.  VMRO-NP 
leader Janevska said the parties needed to find the political 
will to ensure free and fair elections, while ethnic Albanian 
PDP leader Vesejli commented that all parties had to bear 
responsibility for the fair conduct of the elections. 
 
SKOPJE 00000251  003 OF 005 
 
 
Vesejli did, however, lay the main burden on the government 
"since they control the police and have stuffed ballot boxes 
in the past."   NSDP leader Tito Petkovski warned that 
"radicalization" during the elections could cost Macedonia 
its NATO membership prospect. 
 
FWA IMPLEMENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION OF DEMOCRACY 
 
13. (SBU) PM Buckovski noted that the FWA had helped 
stabilize the political situation in Macedonian.  Completion 
of the legislative requirements of the FWA was critical in 
that regard, as was the ongoing decentralization process.  As 
a result, inter-ethnic relations were stable and improving; 
Macedonia was willing to share its experiences in that regard 
with Kosovo and other countries in the region. 
 
14. (SBU) Deputy PM Xhaferi agreed that the FWA was a success 
story and a model for the region.  However, the government 
had to continue FWA implementation, including consolidation 
of a multi-ethnic police force and decentralization. 
Remaining legal provisions for the use of minority languages, 
and continued progress in implementing equitable 
representation, also were important.  PS Jordanovski said the 
FWA's legislative requirements had been completed, but noted 
that "democratic rights can always be further enhanced." 
 
15. (SBU) Foreign Affairs Committee Chair Teuta Arifi said 
the country was now moving from the FWA's initial focus on 
security and stability to the "second phase" of consolidation 
of democracy.  The country needed "good elections and 
judicial reforms not because of NATO requirements, but 
because of us," she added. 
 
16. (SBU) Iljaz Halimi, of the opposition ethnic Albanian 
DPA, complained the FWA was not being fully implemented, in 
particular equitable representation and the minority language 
use provisions.  He also complained about police mistreatment 
of ethnic minorities, citing the recent police shooting of an 
ethnic Albanian criminal suspect in the Skopje suburb of 
Kondovo (reftel). 
 
JUDICIAL REFORMS AND IMPROVING BUSINESS CLIMATE. 
 
17. (SBU) Noting that judicial reforms were the government's 
second key goal, after completing FWA implementation, 
Buckovski said the government was committed to promoting the 
rule of law and to fighting organized crime and corruption, 
which would help improve the foreign investment climate. 
Buckovski noted that the government was working on a new 
bankruptcy law to further improve the business climate. 
 
18. (SBU) President Crvenkovski added that, between 
2001-2002, inter-ethnic conflict had prevented progress on 
judicial and economic reforms.  The situation had changed 
significantly since then.  Judicial reforms would be 
completed in 2006 and implementation would begin in 2007. 
Nuland noted that implementation needed to begin before 2007, 
before the US conducted its next assessment of Macedonia's 
progress on MAP implementation.  Crvenkovski agreed.  He said 
that the results of the government's economic liberalization 
policies would gradually be evident, and would reflect the 
status of other ongoing reform processes (e.g., transparent 
privatization, independent judiciary, political stability). 
 
19. (SBU) Opposition leaders disagreed with Buckovksi's 
optimistic characterization of progress on reforms, 
complaining that the government had passed numerous laws 
which it had then failed to implement.  They accused the 
government of lacking the political will to implement tough 
reforms, of neglecting economic issues, and -- in one case -- 
of allowing discrimination against ethnic Macedonians by the 
ethnic Albanian mayor of Gostivar in western Macedonia. 
(Comment: The Gostivar mayor has received both praise and 
criticism from residents -- both ethnic Macedonian and ethnic 
Albanian -- for enforcing zoning laws and tearing down 
buildings constructed without the necessary permits. End 
 
SKOPJE 00000251  004 OF 005 
 
 
Comment.) 
 
DEFENSE "TRANSFORMATION FEVER" 
 
20. (SBU) MOD Manasievski said his Ministry is in a 
"transformation fever," having received a "very positive PARP 
assessment" this year.  The government was committed to 
maintaining defense spending at approximately 2.3 percent of 
GDP annually, and would nearly triple its deployment of 
troops overseas in 2006 to support alliance operations, with 
possible additional increases in the future.  The MOD also 
was supporting regional defense cooperation arrangements 
beyond its involvement in the Adriatic Charter, having 
established separate cooperation arrangements with Albania 
and Bulgaria, and with Albania and Greece.  PS Jordanovski 
noted the parliament's role in adopting key laws related to 
Macedonia's MAP process, and said Macedonia would continue to 
 "do its part, hoping not for reward, but recognition" for 
that effort. 
 
WORKING ON MACEDONIA'S IMAGE -- SUBSTANCE REQUIRED 
 
21. (SBU) President Crvenkovski said Macedonians knew how 
much work was left to be done, and how much depended on them 
if the country was to succeed in its NATO membership 
aspirations.  He said the government understood the 
importance of lobbying abroad to improve the country's image, 
but that effort could succeed only if there was "substance" 
behind the image.  The country's overall image also would be 
important to investors seeking a secure investment location. 
Crvenkovski said he would visit various EU countries to 
explain the progress Macedonia had made, both to gain support 
for Macedonia's NATO prospects, and to reassure potential 
investors. 
 
STRONG PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR NATO 
 
22. (SBU) President Crvenkovski noted the strong inter-ethnic 
consensus in Macedonia for NATO membership, adding that the 
process of integration into NATO had translated into 
"internal integration for the country."  FM Mitreva commented 
that -- at 90 percent -- public support for NATO membership 
was "the highest ever for an aspirant country."  PS 
Jordanovski also noted the "party-wide, nationwide consensus 
in favor of joining NATO." PDAS Volker urged the government 
to "use that support as a base for achieving the strategic 
consensus" required to carry out MAP-related reforms. 
 
COMPLEMENTARITY OF NATO/EU REFORMS 
 
23. (SBU) FM Mitreva pointed out that the reforms the 
government was implementing to meet EU membership criteria 
(judicial, police, economic) coincided with what was needed 
to meet NATO MAP requirements.  Many of those requirements 
already had been met.  She also noted government plans to 
form a special high-level interagency NATO Task Force that 
would include government, NGOs, business leaders, members of 
parliament, and the opposition to help pass and implement 
MAP-related reforms. 
 
RIGA SUMMIT: WE NEED A NATO SIGNAL 
 
24. (SBU) PM Buckovski noted that Macedonia's NATO 
aspirations are the government's key priority, and that 
Macedonia hoped for a clear message from the Riga Summit 
declaration on its membership prospects.  He asked Nuland to 
"be our Iron Lady" in supporting Macedonia in Riga.   FM 
Mitreva echoed that line, saying the country needed a clear 
message on enlargement.  Foreign Affairs Committee Chair 
Arifi asked that the "internal deliberations" at the 2006 
summit "not preclude the western Balkans," since "we need 
NATO, and NATO needs us." 
 
COMMENT 
 
25. (C) The US delegation's visit was invaluable to focus the 
 
SKOPJE 00000251  005 OF 005 
 
 
government, opposition, and media on the key reforms required 
by mid-2007 for Macedonia to make its case for NATO 
membership.  The Prime Minister's National Security Adviser 
told us that the PM gathered Mitreva, Manasievski, and his 
cabinet staff together after the meeting with Amb. Nuland and 
told them: "we have our gameplan, now we have a lot of work 
to do."  Our challenge will be keeping the government focused 
on continuing the reform process through the distractions of 
the electoral campaign period, and ensuring there is 
continuity in that effort afterwards, regardless of which 
parties form the next coalition government. End Comment. 
MILOVANOVIC