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Viewing cable 89BOGOTA3191, FARC "DECLARES CEASEFIRE" AFTER NON-GOC PEACE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
89BOGOTA3191 1989-03-01 23:05 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Bogota
O 012305Z MAR 89
FM AMEMBASSY BOGOTA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 3596
INFO SECDEF WASHDC IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY CARACAS
AMEMBASSY LIMA
AMEMBASSY QUITO
AMEMBASSY LA PAZ
DIA WASHDC
CIA WASHDC
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 BOGOTA 03191 
 
SOUTHCOM ALSO FOR POLAD 
 
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR 
TAGS: PTER PINS PGOV CO
SUBJECT: FARC "DECLARES CEASEFIRE" AFTER NON-GOC PEACE 
         COMMISSION IS FORMED 
 
REF: BOGOTA 3017 AND PREVIOUS 
 
1.  (C)  SUMMARY:  THE FARC LEADERSHIP ON FEBRUARY 28 
ORDERED A UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE AMONG ALL ITS FRONTS IN 
RESPONSE TO THE FORMATION OF A PEACE COMMISSION IT HAD 
RECOMMENDED.  THROUGH AN INTERMEDIARY, THE FARC 
EXPRESSED HOPES THAT COMMISSION MEMBERS WOULD NOW 
MEDIATE WITH THE GOC TO HALT THE GOC'S MILITARY ACTIONS 
AGAINST THE FARC.  PRESIDENT BARCO RESPONDED BY SAYING 
THAT HE HOPES THE CEASEFIRE ANNOUNCEMENT IS NOT SIMPLY A 
PLOY BY THE FARC TO GET THE ARMED FORCES OFF ITS BACK. 
A WELL-CONNECTED ARMY OFFICER TOLD US THAT HE DOES 
NOT/NOT BELIEVE THE GOC WILL NOW IMPOSE A CEASEFIRE ON 
THE ARMED FORCES.  WE ARE INCLINED TO AGREE.  END SUMMARY. 
 
FARC ANNOUNCES CEASEFIRE; PEACE COMMISSION FORMED 
--------------------------------------------- ---- 
2.  (U)  FARC SECOND IN COMMAND JACOBO ARENAS ANNOUNCED 
TO THE PRESS ON FEBRUARY 28 THAT THE TOP LEADERSHIP OF 
THE FARC HAS ORDERED A UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE AMONG ALL 
ITS FRONTS.  THE CEASEFIRE ORDER HAS ONLY ONE CAVEAT -- 
THAT FARC GROUPS WILL ACT IN "SELF DEFENSE" IF 
THREATENED BY ARMY OPERATIONS IN THEIR AREA.  THE FARC'S 
CEASEFIRE ANNOUNCEMENT WAS MADE THROUGH SOCIAL 
CONSERVATIVE SENATOR ALVARO LEYVA DURAN, ITS FAVORITE 
POLITICAL INTERLOCUTOR.  LEYVA CONVEYED TO THE PRESS THE 
CONTENTS OF HIS TAPED TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH JACOBO 
ARENAS. 
 
3.  (U)  IN A FEBRUARY 23 COMMUNIQUE (SEE REFTEL), THE 
FARC HAD PROPOSED THE NAMES OF FIVE PROMINENT COLOMBIANS 
FOR THE CREATION OF A NON-GOC PEACE COMMISSION TO 
INITIATE PEACE TALKS WITH THE SIMON BOLIVAR GUERRILLA 
COORDINATOR (SBGC).  THE FARC PROMISED THAT IT WOULD 
ORDER A UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE TO "HELP PREPARE A 
FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR NEGOTIATIONS" IF THE 
COMMISSION WAS FORMED,  THE FIVE NOTABLES, LED BY FORMER 
PRESIDENTS MISAEL PASTRANA AND ALFONSO LOPEZ MICHELSEN, 
STUDIED THE FARC OFFER ON FEBRUARY 27.  FOUR OF THE FARC 
NOMINEES AGREED TO PARTICIPATE ("EL TIEMPO" DIRECTOR 
HERNANDO SANTOS BOWED OUT CLAIMING CONFLICT OF 
INTEREST).  IN HIS TELEPHONE MESSAGE TO LEYVA DURAN ON 
THE 28TH, ARENAS CONFIRMED THAT THE FARC'S CEASEFIRE 
ORDER WAS IN RESPONSE TO THE FORMATION OF THE PEACE 
COMMISSION (REFTEL). 
 
FARC: COMMISSION SHOULD GET GOC TO HALT MILITARY ACTIONS 
--------------------------------------------- ----------- 
4.  (U) LEYVA TOLD THE PRESS THAT THE FARC HAS CHOSEN TO 
"RISK THE IMPLICATIONS OF A UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE" EVEN 
THOUGH THE GOC COULD REFUSE TO RECIPROCATE BY ORDERING A 
CEASEFIRE OF ITS OWN.  LEYVA SAID THAT THE FARC 
THEREFORE HOPES THAT COMMISSION MEMBERS WILL "INTERPOSE 
THEIR GOOD OFFICES WITH THE GOC," AND MEDIATE A HALT TO 
THE GOC'S MILITARY ACTIONS AGAINST THE FARC.  PRESIDENT 
BARCO TOLD THE PRESS ON FEBRUARY 28 THAT HE HOPES THE 
FARC'S CEASEFIRE ANNOUNCEMENT IS SINCERE, AND NOT SIMPLY 
A PLOY TO ESCAPE THE MOUNTING PRESSURE BEING EXERTED BY 
THE ARMED FORCES IN THE FIELD.  BARCO REMINDED THE PRESS 
THAT THE FARC MADE A PREVIOUS UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE 
ANNOUNCEMENT LAST DECEMBER BUT NEVER OBSERVED IT. 
 
ARMY SOURCES BELIEVE BARCO WON'T ORDER CEASEFIRE 
--------------------------------------------- --- 
5.  (C)  A WELL-CONNECTED, HIGH-RANKING SOURCE IN THE 
ARMY TOLD DAO OFFICER THAT HE DOES NOT/NOT BELIEVE 
PRESIDENT BARCO WILL RESPOND TO THE FARC'S CEASEFIRE BY 
IMPOSING A SIMILAR TRUCE ON THE ARMED FORCES.  "THANK 
GOD," THE SOURCE EXCLAIMED, "THAT AT LEAST THIS TIME, 
UNLIKE THE BETANCUR ADMINISTRATION, WE WILL NOT BE 
FORCED INTO A UNILATERAL TRUCE BY THE PRESIDENT."  THE 
SOURCE EXPECTS THAT THE ARMED FORCES WILL CONTINUE 
CONDUCTING COUNTER INSURGENCY OPERATIONS AGAINST ALL 
GUERRILLA GROUPS, WHEREVER THEY ARE FOUND. 
 
------- 
6.  (C)  BASED ON PREVIOUS PRIVATE STATEMENTS TO US FROM 
PEACE COUNSELOR RAFAEL PARDO AND OTHERS WE AGREE THAT 
THE GOC IS UNLIKELY TO CALL OFF THE RECENTLY MORE 
AGGRESSIVE MILITARY.  IN ADDITION, BARCO HAS MADE IT 
CLEAR THAT THERE WILL BE NO SUBSTITUTE FOR HIS PEACE 
PLAN.  THE GOC HAS PROMISED NOTHING TO THE GUERRILLAS 
AND IS NOW IN A POSITION TO SIT BACK AND SEE IF THE FARC 
IS AS GOOD AS ITS WORD.  NEVERTHELESS, SHOULD THE FARC 
REALLY ABIDE BY ITS TRUCE, POLITICAL PRESSURE COULD 
MOUNT FOR A GOVERNMENT RESPONSE IN KIND.  IN ADDITION, 
THE GOC WILL HAVE TO CONSIDER WHAT IF ANY CHANGES IN 
MILITARY FIELD TACTICS MIGHT BE REQUIRED BY THE FARC'S 
UNILATERAL CEASEFIRE. 
 
 
MCNAMARA