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UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 MEXICO 000015 
 
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E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: MX PGOV
SUBJECT: THE TALE OF "JUANITO" TELLS A LARGER STORY ABOUT PRD 
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MEXICO 00000015  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
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1.(SBU) Summary:  Raphael Acosta, otherwise known as "Juanito," is a 
charismatic political figure whose unique sojourn into Mexico City's 
internecine political world has proven emblematic of much of the 
Revolutionary Democratic Party's (PRD) dysfunctionality.  Former 
2006 PRD presidential candidate Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) 
propelled Juanito into the national spotlight during the summer 2009 
elections when he requested Juanito fill in behind Carla Brugada 
when the latter was disqualified by the electoral tribunal in her 
bid to head one of Mexico City's largest boroughs, Iztapalapa. 
However, after Juanito won the election, he proved unprepared to 
give up his position as he had prior agreed.  The petty, often 
mean-spirited public dispute among opposing factions over this 
matter has only reinforced the PRD's inability to heal old wounds 
and put together a united front.  End Summary. 
Juanito Wins the Election, Refuses to Withdraw 
--------------------------------------------- -- 
 
¶2. (SBU) Background:  In the run-up to summer 2009 elections, the 
Federal Electoral Institute (IFE) disqualified Clara Brugada, the 
PRD's candidate for the presidency of the borough of Ixtapalapa, 
Mexico City's most populous district, with a claim to the largest 
city budget.  (Note:  Mexico City has sixteen boroughs," led by 
elected "heads of boroughs."  These officials report to the city's 
mayor, Marcel Ebrard.  The City Council, or "Legislative Assembly" 
passes the budget and legislation.  End note).  The IFE declared 
Brugada's victory in the primaries invalid due to electoral 
irregularities. 
¶3. (SBU) AMLO selected Juanito, a Labor Party (PT) leader and an 
indigenous follower who had supported AMLO in past elections, to 
replace Brugada in the election as a proxy candidate on the 
understanding he would give the seat up if elected, allowing Mexico 
City Mayor Marcelo Ebrard to name Brugada as Juanito replacement. 
However, once Juanito won, egged on by his supporters and his 
newfound fondness for the political stage, he refused to give up his 
seat as originally agreed. 
Ebrard Convinces Juanito to Step Down 
------------------------------------- 
 
¶4. (SBU) In the midst of great publicity, the simple, but 
charismatic Juanito - known for the trademark bandana in the colors 
of the Mexican flag he wears wrapped around his forehead and his 
tendency to refer to himself in the third person - announced his 
intention to assume the council seat representing the district of 
Iztapalapa.  Following a meeting with Mexico City Mayor Ebrard, only 
days before his official swearing-in ceremony in September, Juanito 
apparently decided to turn over his position to Clara Brugada.  In 
return for his concession, PRD contacts allege that Ebrard promised 
to provide Juanito monetary compensation and employment for him and 
his family in the city government.  According to British Embassy 
analyst Monica Jimemez, the federal government affords all public 
servants the right to take short-term, temporary leave.  Under this 
regulation, Juanito "resigned," and Brugada began work as the head 
of borough immediately. 
Juanito's Return 
---------------- 
 
¶5. (SBU) Juanito, though, clearly was not prepared to leave the 
political scene quietly.  Barely a month and a half after his 
resignation, he decided to reclaim his position.  Wishing Juanito 
would just go away, twelve of city's fifteen heads of boroughs, all 
supporters of AMLO, signed a letter to the Mexico City Legislative 
Assembly requesting that it remove Juanito and reappoint Brugada. 
The Legislative Assembly formed a special commission to study this 
matter.  However, the commission would have been unlikely to render 
a decision before March 2010, and it would have found determining a 
legal basis for ousting Juanito difficult. 
 
Juanito Finally Pushed Off the Political Scene 
--------------------------------------------- - 
 
¶6. (SBU) Cutting short this drawn-out process and determined to 
eliminate Juanito's claim to the Iztapalapa seat permanently, Clara 
Brugada accused Juanito at a December 8 press conference of having 
used falsified birth certificates to stand for political office and 
with lying, or at least exaggerating, about his family history. 
Brugada threatened to press charges unless he resigned.  Before 
becoming front-page news, Juanito had lived a modest life.  Born one 
of 20 children into a poor, indigenous family, Juanito may well have 
purchased the birth certificate.  (Note: Many poor Mexican families 
fail to document births and later purchase a birth certificate as it 
is perquisite to acquiring a national identification card and a host 
of other documents.  Generally, the government considers this a 
minor crime and rarely prosecutes it. End note.)  It is also 
possible Brugada used her contacts in city government to manufacture 
false documents in Juanito's name to undercut his legitimacy.  An 
outdated Mexican federal law says that all public servants must 
present information regarding their family connections to the head 
of their political institutions before their inauguration into 
public office.  Technically, Mexican law defines this as an 
administrative offense, with a maximum penalty of dismissal. 
Brugada clearly meant to cut Juanito out of the picture even if it 
meant exaggerating the letter of the law. 
 
MEXICO 00000015  002.2 OF 002 
 
1.(SBU) Summary:  Raphael Acosta, otherwise known as "Juanito," is a 
charismatic political figure whose unique sojourn into Mexico City's 
internecine political world has proven emblematic of much of the 
Revolutionary Democratic Party's (PRD) dysfunctionality.  Former 
2006 PRD presidential candidate Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) 
propelled Juanito into the national spotlight during the summer 2009 
elections when he requested Juanito fill in behind Carla Brugada 
when the latter was disqualified by the electoral tribunal in her 
bid to head one of Mexico City's largest boroughs, Iztapalapa. 
However, after Juanito won the election, he proved unprepared to 
give up his position as he had prior agreed.  The petty, often 
mean-spirited public dispute among opposing factions over this 
matter has only reinforced the PRD's inability to heal old wounds 
and put together a united front.  End Summary. 
Juanito Wins the Election, Refuses to Withdraw 
--------------------------------------------- -- 
 
¶7.  Juanito again met with Ebrard, who allegedly advised Juanito of 
the legal problems he faced.  Following this meeting, Juanito 
resigned permanently.  Ebrard immediately asked the Mexico City 
Legislative Assembly to appoint Clara Brugada.  The Assembly, though 
some members previously voiced objections to Brugada in addition to 
Juanito, installed her the following day by a vote of 46 to 16, with 
one abstention. 
¶8. (SBU) Comment.  In many ways, Juanito's story is emblematic of 
PRD dysfunctionality.  AMLO defied his party's political structure 
and the city's overarching electoral framework to push forward his 
preferred candidate even after she had been disqualified.  The fact 
that he commands the loyalty of thirteen of the cities' sixteen 
boroughs certainly strengthened his hand.  Given the relative 
importance of Iztapalapa, AMLO was determined to place his 
hand-picked supporter in the borough and not countenance the 
presence of a player as unpredictable and independent as Juanito. 
Ebrard assumed a key role in convincing Juanito to resign and 
persuading the Legislative Assembly to appoint Brugada.  Though he 
and AMLO represent the party's two most viable candidates for 2012 
PRD presidential nomination, Ebrard appears determined to walk a 
fine line between maintaining an informal alliance with AMLO and 
gradually winning the support of AMLO's opponents within the PRD, 
the Nueva Izquierda faction, for the 2012 candidacy. 
 
PASCUAL