VZCZCXRO3812
PP RUEHFK RUEHKSO RUEHNAG RUEHNH
DE RUEHKO #1774/01 2160037
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 040037Z AUG 09
FM AMEMBASSY TOKYO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5117
INFO RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC PRIORITY
RHEHAAA/THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
RUEAWJA/USDOJ WASHDC PRIORITY
RULSDMK/USDOT WASHDC PRIORITY
RUCPDOC/USDOC WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHDC//J5//
RHHMUNA/HQ USPACOM HONOLULU HI
RHHMHBA/COMPACFLT PEARL HARBOR HI
RHMFIUU/HQ PACAF HICKAM AFB HI//CC/PA//
RHMFIUU/USFJ //J5/JO21//
RUYNAAC/COMNAVFORJAPAN YOKOSUKA JA
RUAYJAA/CTF 72
RUEHNH/AMCONSUL NAHA 7995
RUEHFK/AMCONSUL FUKUOKA 5665
RUEHOK/AMCONSUL OSAKA KOBE 9474
RUEHNAG/AMCONSUL NAGOYA 3122
RUEHKSO/AMCONSUL SAPPORO 6183
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 0238
RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL 6886
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 6533

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 11 TOKYO 001774 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR E, P, EB, EAP/J, EAP/P, EAP/PD, PA; 
WHITE HOUSE/NSC/NEC; JUSTICE FOR STU CHEMTOB IN ANTI-TRUST DIVISION; 
TREASURY/OASIA/IMI/JAPAN; DEPT PASS USTR/PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE; 
SECDEF FOR JCS-J-5/JAPAN, 
DASD/ISA/EAPR/JAPAN; DEPT PASS ELECTRONICALLY TO USDA 
FAS/ITP FOR SCHROETER; PACOM HONOLULU FOR PUBLIC DIPLOMACY ADVISOR; 
CINCPAC FLT/PA/ COMNAVFORJAPAN/PA. 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: OIIP KMDR KPAO PGOV PINR ECON ELAB JA
 
SUBJECT: JAPANESE MORNING PRESS HIGHLIGHTS 08/04/09 
 
Index: 
1) Top headlines 
2) Editorials 
3) Prime Minister's daily schedule (Nikkei) 
 
Election campaign: 
4) Poll shows Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) with 34% still firmly 
in the lead as voter's favorite in proportional race, while Liberal 
Democratic Party stays at 16% (Tokyo Shimbun) 
5) Voting trends show young people do not go to the polls, only half 
the rate of elderly voters in the 2005 election (Tokyo Shimbun) 
6) DPJ winds up its candidate selection with 269 in the single seat 
districts; Ichiro Ozawa to run from his old Iwate constituency 
(Mainichi) 
7) Internal bickering in the DJP over altering the manifesto, 
already released (Mainichi) 
8) DPJ adviser Jitsuro Terashima wants the Hatoyama administration 
to use "fraternal diplomacy" as a "weapon" (Asahi) 
9) Vice Foreign Minister Nobunaka attends ceremony swearing in 
Iran's reelected president (Yomiuri) 
 
Nuclear diplomacy: 
10) Debate in the U.S. led by veterans to "apologize" to Japan for 
dropping atomic bombs (Asahi) 
11) Hiroshima to praise President Obama for anti-nuclear stance in 
annual memorial ceremony (Yomiuri) 
12) LDP, New Komeito calls for strengthening the U.S.' nuclear 
umbrella over Japan is hindering the U.S. policy switch toward a 
world without nukes (Akahata) 
 
Defense and security: 
13) Construction costs for the new base at Guam where Marines on 
Okinawa will be shifted are soaring to twice the original estimate 
(Akahata) 
14) Under the "sympathy budget," U.S. forces in Japan plans to build 
3,241 new homes for military personnel (Akahata) 
 
Articles: 
 
1) TOP HEADLINES 
 
Asahi and Sankei: 
First lay judge trial begins, launching new judicial era involving 
citizens 
 
Mainichi: 
Six lay judges begin first trial, ruling to be handed down on Aug. 
6 
 
Yomiuri: 
First lay judge trial under way, plain language used in court 
 
Nikkei: 
Major IT-related firms plan investment to establish 'cloud 
computing' system 
 
Tokyo Shimbun: 
Five female, one male lay judge take part in first trial 
 
Akahata: 
Make elimination of nuclear weapons global trend 
 
 
TOKYO 00001774  002 OF 011 
 
 
2) EDITORIALS 
 
Asahi: 
(1) Lay judge trial begins: Include ordinary people's perception in 
trials 
(2) Care certification needed: Listen to voices of people using and 
providing services 
 
Mainichi: 
(1) 2009 Lower House election: Is current for reform of highway toll 
fees visible? 
(2) Death of Furuhashi: Need for successors to legendary swimmer -- 
"Flying Fish of Fujiyama" 
 
Yomiuri: 
(1) Specialization key to survival of private universities 
(2) Hironoshin Furuhashi continued to support Japan's swimming 
 
Nikkei: 
(1) Take advantage of lay judge system to strengthen democracy 
 
Sankei: 
(1) Make efforts to establish lay judge system 
(2) Japanese swimmers should follow in Furuhashi's footsteps 
 
Tokyo Shimbun: 
(1) Lay judge system: The door has opened to citizens 
(2) Death of Furuhashi: We won't forget his persistent efforts 
 
Akahata: 
(1) Abnormal climate: Measures needed to prevent disasters 
 
3) Prime Minister's Official Residence (Kantei) 
 
Prime Minister's schedule, August 3 
 
NIKKEI (Page 2) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
07:35 
Took a walk near official residential quarters 
 
10:32 
Met Chief Cabinet Secretary Takeo Kawamura at Prime Minister's 
Official Residence (Kantei) 
 
11:00 
Met Lower House member Masayoshi Namiki; followed by Junzo Yamamato, 
secretary general of Japanese members of Asian-Pacific 
Parliamentarians' Union 
 
13:03 
Filming of policy declaration, TV commercial for Lower House 
election at LDP headquarters; accompanied by Jiro Aichi, LDP 
Publicity Division chief, others; joined by Yoshinobu Shimamura, 
special assistant to LDP president 
 
16:32 
Tea party at Imperial Palace with officials who accompanied Emperor, 
Empress on tour of Canada, U.S. 
 
18:10 
 
TOKYO 00001774  003 OF 011 
 
 
Met Kawamura at Kantei 
 
19:32 
Went through documents at personal office in Nagata-cho 
 
20:06 
Met secretary at Korean barbecue restaurant "Kantera" in Daizawa 
 
22:37 
Arrived at official residential quarters 
 
ELECTION CAMPAIGN 
 
4) Pre-election poll: DPJ steady at 34% in public preference for 
proportional representation, LDP flat at 16% 
 
TOKYO SHIMBUN (Page 2) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
Ahead of the upcoming general election for the now-dissolved House 
of Representatives, Kyodo News conducted a pre-election 
telephone-based nationwide public opinion survey on Aug. 1-2. In the 
public preference of political parties for proportional 
representation, the Democratic Party of Japan marked 34.4%, up 3.7 
points from the last survey taken July 25-26. The Liberal Democratic 
Party was at 16.7%, up 1.1 points. The DPJ has been steady, scoring 
over 30% in the first pre-election poll taken July 18-19 and in the 
following two polls up to the latest one. However, the LDP has been 
flat at the 10% range. 
 
After the last poll, both the LDP and the DPJ announced their 
respective manifestos or public pledges for the general election. 
However, the LDP's announcement of its manifesto seems to have 
little worked well on the public. The proportion of "undecided" 
voters was 37.6% (37.4% in the last poll). 
 
In the public preference of governing parties as well, the DPJ 
outdistanced the LDP, with 39.7% desiring a "DPJ-led coalition 
government" (38.6% in the last poll) and 18.2% choosing an "LDP-led 
coalition government" (18.6% in the last poll). 
 
5) Sharp decline in voter turnouts among young people: Vicious 
circle caused by politics slighting them; Number of voters in their 
twenties stands at half that of voters in their seventies in 2005 
Lower House election 
 
TOKYO SHIMBUN (Page 1) (Full) 
Evening, August 3, 2009 
 
It has long been pointed out that young people's political apathy is 
responsible for low voter turnouts. A sharp drop in turnouts among 
young people is more serious than low turnouts among voters in 
general. This trend is now drawing attention as the starting point 
of the vicious circle of politics slighting young people and young 
people further losing interest in politics. 
 
The number of actual voters in their twenties in the 1980 Lower 
House election was approximately 10.065 million, while those in 
their seventies or older stood at roughly 4.65 million. The number 
of voters in their twenties was more than double the number of 
voters in their seventies or older. 
 
 
TOKYO 00001774  004 OF 011 
 
 
Voter turnouts among young people in their twenties have gradually 
declined since then, while turnouts of voters in their seventies or 
older have been hovering at around 70 percent. The rapid aging of 
the population resulting from the decline in the birthrate can be 
witnessed in elections during this timeframe. 
 
As a result, the number of actual voters in their twenties in the 
previous 2005 Lower House election was roughly 7.22 million. In 
contrast, voters in their seventies totalled about 14.28 million, or 
double the number of voters in their twenties. 
 
Waseda University Professor Tomonori Morikawa, who has researched 
the relationship between the number of voters and policies, pointed 
out that the trendline in the number of voters is reflected in 
policy-making by the government. He said, "It is only natural for 
those allocating budgetary funds to give generous consideration to 
those age groups who go to polling places for sure." Given the 
manifestos of major political parties for the next general election, 
there are many policies that target elderly people or child-rearing 
generations in their thirties or over. However, there are few 
policies that provide money to those in their twenties, as Morikawa 
said. Major political parties are vying with cash handouts. This 
means passing the buck to young generations. 
 
The only way to end this political trend of slighting young people 
is perhaps to see more young people vote. 
 
6) DPJ officially endorses 269 candidates in single-seat 
constituencies; Ozawa to run in Iwate No. 4 district 
 
MAINICHI (Page 5) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
The Democratic Party of Japan decided in a meeting yesterday of its 
senior officials to officially endorse Deputy President Ichiro Ozawa 
as a candidate to run in the No. 4 district in Iwate Prefecture, and 
Yokohama City Assembly member Makoto Yamazaki, 46, as a candidate to 
run in the No. 8 district in Kanagawa Prefecture in the upcoming 
House of Representatives election. As a result, the DPJ has endorsed 
a total of 269 candidates in the (300) single-seat constituencies. 
Ozawa told the press corps yesterday evening in Miyazaki City: "We 
have decided on all our candidates," declaring the end of selecting 
candidates for the electoral districts. 
 
DPJ recommends 24 candidates 
 
Of the 31 districts in which the DPJ will not field any candidates, 
it will recommend candidates on the Social Democratic Party ticket 
or the People's New Party ticket in 24 districts. Including the 24 
candidates it will recommend, the DPJ will field and recommend 
candidates in 293 electoral districts. The number of candidates is 
almost the same as the number (291) the party fielded and 
recommended in the single-seat constituencies in the Lower House 
election in 2005. 
 
When Ozawa headed the DPJ, there was a rumor that he would run in 
the No. 12 district in Tokyo, which is New Komeito leader Akihiro 
Ota's home turf. After he resigned as LDP president, the opportunity 
to switch to another electoral district faded away. The Kanagawa No. 
8 district is the home turf of Kenji Eda (independent), who works 
closely with former Administrative Reform Minister Yoshimi Watanabe. 
In order to avoid competing with Eda, the DPJ refrained from 
 
TOKYO 00001774  005 OF 011 
 
 
fielding a candidate for the Kanagawa No.8 seat. 
 
On his party's policy shift in the Kanagawa No. 8 district, Ozawa 
said: 
 
"If Mr. Watanabe forms a new party, Mr. Eda will likely join it. 
Things would be different if we had complete cooperation (with the 
new party). They have not formed a party yet, and we have had no 
discussions." 
 
7) Lower House election: DPJ going astray over its manifesto 
 
MAINICHI (Page 2) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
The Democratic Party of Japan's (DPJ) discussions on revisions to 
its manifesto for the Lower House election (campaign pledges) are 
beginning to meander off track. The party at its executive meeting 
on August 3 vowed to add the establishment of a consultative body 
for the central and local governments, which the governor of Osaka 
has requested in connection with decentralization reforms. 
Participants also called for revising wording on the signing of a 
free trade agreement with the U.S. The leadership intends to 
consider these requests flexibly, based on opinions voiced at the 
manifesto briefings, as a senior member said. However, if the DPJ 
makes the revisions, the ruling parties may criticize it as becoming 
inconsistent, depending on what decisions the DPJ actually reaches. 
 
Referring to the consultative body for the central and local 
governments, Policy Research Council Chairman Masayuki Naoshima on 
the 3rd told reporters, "Since the president says that he will 
include it, based on a political decision, we intend to write it in. 
He revealed, "To be honest, we feel awkward, because only that 
proposal has drawn attention in discussions on decentralization." 
 
The manifesto revision uproar was triggered by President Hatoyama's 
statement made two days after the manifesto was released. He said, 
"The released manifesto is not a formal one." He made that 
statement, giving consideration to Hashimoto's strong opposition of 
the omission of the consultative body for the central and local 
governments. 
 
Even so, party executives had at first been determined only to 
revise the parts related to decentralization. That is because they 
were concerned that Governor Hashimoto's words and action could 
affect the situation in constituencies in Osaka. Then the Japan-U.S. 
FTA issue cropped up as another source of contention. 
 
The LDP agricultural policy clique on July 28 issued a statement 
criticizing the DPJ's manifesto in connection with the FTA issue, 
saying, "Such a pact will lead Japanese agriculture and farm 
villages to a collapse." Agricultural policy-related lawmakers of 
the DPJ raised a sense of alarm that the DPJ might suffer a setback 
in the battle to secure farmers' votes. 
 
Deputy President Naoto Kan during a press conference on the 29th 
categorically said, "We will not lower tariffs on major crops." The 
DPJ also promptly posted a statement on that intention on the 
party's website. A lawmaker who attended the executive meeting on 
the 3rd indicated the view that the party will revise the proposal 
concerning the FTA as well. 
 
 
TOKYO 00001774  006 OF 011 
 
 
The executive has yet to determine to what extent opinions heard at 
manifesto briefings, which are to be held throughout the nation 
until the 11th, should be reflected. Deputy President Ichiro Ozawa 
will meet Governor Hashimoto on the 4th. When asked by reporters 
about the aim of their meeting, he expressed his displeasure, 
saying, "Our meeting has nothing to do with the manifesto or 
anything like that." 
 
8) Interview with Jitsuro Terashima: Use "yuai (fraternity)" as 
diplomatic weapon; the world seeks dialogue 
 
ASAHI (Page 4) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
Interview with Jitsuro Terashima, honorary chairman of Japan 
Research Institute, president of Mitsui Global Strategic Studies 
Institute, and president of Tama University, by Shuichi Honda 
 
Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) President Yukio Hatoyama advocates 
"yuai (fraternal) diplomacy" as the party goes into the general 
election campaign. However, it remains unclear how this will be 
reflected in policies if the DPJ takes over the reins of government. 
We asked Jitsuro Terashima, honorary chairman of Japan Research 
Institute, who is a close friend of Hatoyama and who has advised him 
on domestic politics and foreign policy over the years, on how the 
yuai policy will be translated into concrete policy and other 
issues. 
 
Q: What do you think of the situation Japan is in at present? 
 
Terashima: Today, no one thinks of the world in terms of unipolar 
domination by the United States. We are in a non-polar era where 
every country participates in the world order, such as in the case 
of the G-20. Japan is making a choice in the upcoming House of 
Representatives election under such a situation. Even people who 
supported the two-thirds (of the Lower House members) who were 
elected during Koizumi's election over postal privatization are now 
doubtful of neo-liberalism. Therefore, a new method of exercising 
leadership is needed. 
 
Q: Are you saying cooperating with the U.S. alone will no longer 
work? 
 
Terashima: I would call it having close relations with the U.S. 
while being actively engaged in Asia or "shinbei nyua." The 
Japan-U.S. alliance needs to evolve while the world searches for a 
new order. It is abnormal for foreign troops to be stationed in an 
independent country for over 60 years. Unless Japan brings about a 
gradual reduction of the U.S. military presence in Japan and revises 
the bilateral Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA), it cannot claim to 
be an independent country. Japan should send a serious message about 
the trend for denuclearization of Northeast Asia and develop a new 
mode of Japan-U.S. defense cooperation on the premise that a 
military vacuum will not be created. 
 
Q: Is it your position that a DPJ administration will be necessary 
for this purpose? 
 
Terashima: I cannot give a straightforward answer to that question. 
The possibility of a reverse two-thirds majority, like in the case 
of the "Koizumi children" in the last election, cannot be 
discounted. The important thing is that a healthy two-party system 
 
TOKYO 00001774  007 OF 011 
 
 
is taking root. Rather than saying I want the DPJ to win, I pin my 
greatest hopes on a political realignment based on policy. 
 
Q: What is your relationship with President Hatoyama like? 
 
Terashima: We have known each other for a long time. I once said 
jokingly that Yukio Hatoyama is Jesus Christ, who continued to talk 
about love in a land of brutality and was eventually killed by the 
Roman Empire. But then, people started to think that he was a good 
guy. He moved people's hearts and changed the world. 
 
Q: Mr Hatoyama advocates "yuai diplomacy." 
 
Terashima: It would appear to be absurd to talk about "yuai" in 
international politics, but ironically, the world as a whole seeks 
dialogue and cooperation, which is a coincidence. The question is 
what comes next. If he surpasses the kind of "yuai" during the time 
of his grandfather (the late Prime Minister Ichiro Hatoyama) and 
arms himself theoretically on diplomacy with the neighboring 
countries, with the U.S., and with Eurasia, then "yuai" will be 
transformed from something hollow into something real. 
 
Q: What sort of advice have you given to Mr Hatoyama recently? 
 
Terashima: He should develop an ideological axis underpinning his 
policies. For example, when implementing the child allowance, the 
ideology of creating a Scandinavian type of welfare society and 
raising children by the entire society will be necessary. Politics 
is all about choice and focus. Degeneration will result in pork 
barrel politics. 
 
The times are moving toward populism. Therefore, policies should be 
disciplined by ideology. Domestic politics is not separate from 
foreign policy. Japan's nation building should also become its 
diplomatic power. 
 
Q: Is it a question of arming "yuai" with the theoretical backing? 
 
Terashima: It will be pathetic if you simply look for something 
appropriate for the sake of theoretical armament. The press should 
ask incisive questions and policy think tanks must play an important 
role. 
 
9) Japanese ambassador attends Ahmadinejad's recognition ceremony in 
Iran 
 
YOMIURI (Page 4) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
Vice-Foreign Minister Mitoji Yabunaka held a press conference 
yesterday in which he revealed that Ambassador to Iran Akio Shirota 
attended the recognition ceremony of President Mahmound Ahmadinejad 
held in Iran on the same day. In the wake of heavy casualties in the 
social unrest in Iran over the presidential election, Foreign 
Minister Hirofumi Nakasone released a statement in June expressing 
concern. Yabunaka explained, "All foreign ambassadors received 
invitations." 
 
NUCLEAR DIPLOMACY 
 
10) "Journey of repentance" to offer apology by U.S. citizens, 
including veterans, causes controversy in U.S. 
 
TOKYO 00001774  008 OF 011 
 
 
 
ASAHI (Page 14) (Abridged) 
August 3, 2009 
 
Toshihiro Yamanaka, Seattle 
 
Is it appropriate for U.S. citizens to offer a direct apology for 
the dropping of atomic bombs (on Hiroshima and Nagasaki)? A 
controversy has arisen over this question this summer in the State 
of Washington. Inspired by President Barack Obama's speech on a 
nuclear free world, a group of 17 U.S. citizens, including veterans, 
has planned a "journey of repentance." They are scheduled to arrive 
in Hiroshima on Aug. 3 and in Nagasaki on Aug. 7, though they are 
still taken aback by the strong reaction in the United States. They 
have decided, however, not to offer an apology. 
 
The group of 17 U.S. citizens, ranging from a 15-year-old Tacoma 
high school girl to an 81-year-old man, left the United States in 
late July on a two-week trip to visit Tokyo, Iwakuni, Hiroshima, and 
Nagasaki. 
 
One of the organizers is Tom Karlin, 73. He was a Navy petty officer 
stationed in Japan in 1957 when he visited a museum in Nagasaki. 
Shocked by the exhibits there, Karlin began anti-war activities 
after returning to the United States. Last spring he began planning 
a journey in cooperation with Michiyoshi Kojima, a 60-year-old 
Japanese Buddhist monk in Tacoma, and others. They have prepared 
4,000 folded-paper cranes thanks to cooperation by local grade and 
high school students, and have collected some 5,000 signatures to 
offer an apology for the atomic bomb attack on Japan. 
 
But the drive was taken up by the local media in July and has drawn 
criticism. Local newspapers carried letters from readers, reading, 
"An apology to Japan by the United States would be a humiliation to 
the U.S. soldiers who were killed by the Imperial Japanese Army as 
well as to U.S. citizens," "Japanese citizens today do not feel 
responsible for the attack on Pearl Harbor, so we do not feel 
responsible for the atomic attack," or "If they are going to travel 
all the way to Japan, why don't they get an apology from Japanese 
citizens?" 
 
In an interview with the Asahi Shimbun, Johnny Zerazuni (TN: 
phonetic), 88, a former Army Lt. Col. said: "The atomic bombing was 
necessary to end that tragic war. Although I respect President 
Obama's nuclear disarmament speech, I cannot understand at all why 
the private citizens who have not experienced the battlefield have 
to offer an apology to Japan at this point." 
 
News Tribune editorial writer Patrick O'Callahan commented: "In my 
view, at least 60 percent of U.S. citizens are against the 'journey 
of repentance.' Opposition is particularly strong in Tacoma where 
there are many bases." A News Tribune editorial said: "The 
responsibility for that war and the atomic bombing ultimately does 
not lie with the United States but with Japan, which attacked Pearl 
Harbor." 
 
11) Hiroshima peace declaration praises Obama speech 
 
YOMIURI (Page 2) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
Hiroshima Mayor Tadatoshi Akiba revealed yesterday the gist of a 
 
TOKYO 00001774  009 OF 011 
 
 
peace declaration he will read out at the Peace Memorial Ceremony 
(on Aug. 6). In the peace declaration, Akiba praises U.S. President 
Barack Obama's speech in April. In his speech, the President said: 
"The United States will aim to create a nuclear free world." Akiba 
calls the majority of the world that supports the President the 
"Obamajority." The mayor calls for completely abolishing nuclear 
weapons by 2020. He concludes his speech by saying: "Yes, we can," 
quoting Obama's famous words. He has called on the government to 
improve its assistance for aging atomic-bomb victims. 
 
12) LDP-New Komeito administration calling for enhanced nuclear 
umbrella obstructing U.S. from policy shift 
 
AKAHATA (Page 1) (Abridged) 
August 4, 2009 
 
U.S. President Barack Obama has declared for the first time that the 
United States will aim for a world without nuclear weapons, setting 
it as a national goal. Under such circumstances, it has become clear 
through U.S. documents that Japan's LDP-New Komeito administration's 
call for the United States to reinforce its "nuclear umbrella," as 
well as for an extended deterrence, is providing the U.S. with an 
excuse to adhere to its nuclear weapons and blocking it from making 
a shift in its nuclear policy. 
 
In reaction to President Obama's Prague speech in April declaring to 
aim for a nuclear-weapon-free world, Foreign Minister Hirofumi 
Nakasone, instead of reacting to the Obama speech in a positive 
manner as the only country in the world to have suffered an atomic 
attack, said in a speech on April 27, "Needless to say, extended 
deterrence, including a nuclear deterrent, is vital for our 
country." Japan has been asking the United States to strengthen the 
nuclear umbrella and to enter bilateral talks on that matter. 
 
The United States is in the process of updating the Nuclear Posture 
Review (NPR), planning to produce a report by the end of the year. 
The Congressional Commission on the Strategic Posture of the United 
States, chaired by former Defense Secretary William Perry, released 
its final report in May. The report includes the following 
description: 
 
"One particularly important ally has argued to the Commission 
privately that the credibility of the U.S.' extended deterrent 
depends on its specific capabilities to hold a wide variety of 
targets at risk." 
 
As an example of the "specific capabilities," the report cites the 
Tomahawk Land Attack Missile/Nuclear (TLAM/N) on some attack 
submarines. The Tomahawk will be retired in 2013. The report also 
says, "In Asia, extended deterrence relies heavily on the deployment 
of nuclear cruise missiles." Nuclear-powered attack submarines 
capable of carrying the Tomahawk have repeatedly called at Japanese 
ports. 
 
The report continues to say: "In our work as a Commission, it has 
become clear to us the some U.S. allies in Asia would be very 
concerned by TLAM/N retirement." This suggests that Japan is hoping 
for the prolonged life of TLAM/N. The report goes on to say: "The 
United States has an obligation to retain numbers and types of 
nuclear weapons that it might not otherwise deem essential to its 
own defense." 
 
 
TOKYO 00001774  010 OF 011 
 
 
The Commission consists of 12 members. Four officials of the 
Japanese Embassy in the United States are also included in the list 
of senior foreign officials with whom the Commission consulted in 
producing its final report. 
 
DEFENSE AND SECURITY 
 
13) Guam relocation: Japan's burden more than twice bilaterally 
agreed amount for infrastructure construction 
 
AKAHATA (Page 2) (Full) 
August 4, 2009 
 
Japan and the United States have now reached an intergovernmental 
agreement to relocate 8,000 U.S. Marines and 9,000 family members 
from Okinawa to Guam and to share the cost of constructing a new 
base on Guam. In this burden sharing, Japan's payment for 
infrastructure construction on Guam is more than twice the amount 
agreed on between the Japanese and U.S. governments, with an 
estimated increase of up to 100 billion yen. This became clear from 
a U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) report released July 
¶30. 
 
In May 2006, the Japanese and U.S. governments agreed that Japan 
would pay approximately 6.1 billion dollars (approx. 580 billion 
yen) for the construction of a new base on Guam, the total cost of 
which was estimated at about 10.3 billion dollars (approx. 980 
billion yen). The cost of infrastructure construction was estimated 
at 740 million dollars (approx. 70 billion yen), which includes 
power generation, water supply and sewerage systems, and waste 
disposal. 
 
According to a U.S. Defense Department estimate cited in the GAO 
report, however, Guam's population will rapidly increase with the 
U.S. military's buildup and its demand for infrastructure will also 
sharply increase between 2009 and 2020. In concrete terms, the 
Pentagon estimates an increase of 31% in demand for power, an 
increase of 89% in demand for drinking water, an increase of 50% in 
demand for sewerage disposal, and an increase of 230% in demand for 
waste disposal. The Pentagon estimates the cost needed for the 
construction of appropriate infrastructure at 1.35 billion dollars 
(approx. 128 billion yen). 
 
This infrastructure construction is said to be funded by a banking 
institution. The Japanese government says the loaned money will be 
recovered with the U.S. military's payments for its use of new 
facilities on Guam. However, Akira Kasai, a former House of 
Representatives member of the Japanese Communist Party, asked the 
government about this point in an April 3 meeting of the House of 
Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee. In reply to this 
question, the Defense Ministry's Defense Policy Bureau Director 
General Nobushige Takamizawa admitted that the loaned money could be 
irrecoverable and would likely be made up by taxpayers' money. 
 
Moreover, the bilateral agreement of May 2006 sets no clear-cut 
ceiling to the cost of infrastructure construction. The government 
may increase the amount of such loans secured by taxpayers' money. 
 
Earlier, the Pentagon had revealed that the estimated total cost of 
constructing a new base on Guam would be over 15 billion dollars 
(approx. 1.43 trillion yen). 
 
 
TOKYO 00001774  011 OF 011 
 
 
14) Additional housing planned for U.S. military using 'sympathy' 
budget 
 
AKAHATA (Page 2) (Abridged) 
August 4, 2009 
 
The Japanese government is planning to build additional U.S. 
military housing for 3,241 families using its 'omoiyari yosan' or 
literally "sympathy budget." This became known from what was 
reported in an Aug. 2 online version of the Stars and Stripes, an 
organization for U.S. forces. 
 
According to that report, the U.S. Air Force will disburse 678 
million dollars (approx. 64.4 billion yen) from its budget to 
renovate 3,745 of 8,344 housing units in Okinawa and will rebuild 
3,241 aging housing units with the Japanese government's planning 
and funding. 
 
Japan's burden is unclear. However, the housing plan totals 2.6 
billion dollars (approx. 247 billion yen), far exceeding the U.S. 
Air Force's estimate. It is possible to presume that the greater 
part of the housing plan is at the Japanese government's expense. 
 
ZUMWALT