VZCZCXYZ0010
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHUNV #0208/01 1271530
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 071530Z MAY 09
FM USMISSION UNVIE VIENNA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 9411
INFO RHMCSUU/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
RUEANFA/NRC WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHIL/AMEMBASSY ISLAMABAD PRIORITY 0251
RUEHII/VIENNA IAEA POSTS COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEHKP/AMCONSUL KARACHI 0004
RHMFIUU/DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHINGTON DC

UNCLAS UNVIE VIENNA 000208 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR IO/T, ISN/ECC, ISN/MNSA, ISN/NESS, ISN/RA 
DOE FOR NA-20 LOONEY, NA-20.1 KOONTZ, 
NA-21 BIENIAWSKI/SHEELY/ILIOPULOS/STAPLES/CUMMINS, 
NA-25 HUIZENGA/VOGLER, 
NA-24-WHITNEY/GOOREVICH/PERRY/O'CONNOR/LAMONT AGNE 
NRC FOR OIP - HENDERSON, SCHWARTZMAN 
ISLAMABAD FOR DOE - DALTON 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: AORC PTER KNNP ENRG TRGY IAEA KCRM SNAR PK
SUBJECT: PAKISTAN - IAEA AND UNODC EFFORTS TO HELP GOP COUNTER 
NUCLEAR TERRORISM 
 
SUMMARY 
------- 
 
¶1. (SBU) The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has several 
ongoing activities with Pakistan that deal with nuclear and 
radiological security, training, regulatory development, safety, and 
equipment certification.  Another Vienna-based International 
Organization, UNODC, is engaged with Pakistan in port and container 
security.  UNODC continues to lobby for U.S. support for the 
container program, specifically an in-kind contribution of C-30 
kits.  The IAEA Office of Nuclear Security (ONS) has been working 
with Pakistan, particularly the Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory 
Authority (PNRA), on activities related to security of nuclear and 
radiological material.  To date, the IAEA has been unable to gain 
knowledge about specific locations of radiological sources in 
Pakistan.  An ONS trip planned for June, at Pakistani invitation, 
will aim to improve IAEA's information on source locations and 
types; Mission is emphasizing to ONS the importance of improved 
awareness of vulnerable sources.  The IAEA activities outlined in 
Para 2-11 include the work that is being done directly with Pakistan 
and training events Pakistani officials have attended.  This 
catalogue of activities is intended as a baseline for those in 
Washington and Islamabad looking at questions of nuclear security in 
Pakistan.  End Summary. 
 
IAEA Nuclear Security Activities in Pakistan 
-------------------------------------------- 
 
¶2. (SBU) Joint IAEA-PNRA Project: "Development of National Program 
of Sustainable Development in Nuclear Security through education, 
training and supply of services." 
This activity involves training on developing nuclear security 
regulations and supply of nuclear security equipment in accordance 
with the IAEA support plan.  Activities included in this task aim to 
create a pool of Pakistani nuclear security specialists, trained in 
physical protection of radioactive sources, nuclear materials and 
facilities.  Another important goal is to qualify a large group of 
operators and regulators from Pakistan to use modern detection and 
radionuclide identification equipment to combat illicit trafficking 
of radioactive materials. 
 
¶3. (SBU) The IAEA-PNRA Partnership Program for Human Resource 
Development in the field of Nuclear Security. 
This project focuses on developing a national capacity to implement 
PNRA's Nuclear Security Action Plan through training courses, 
on-the-job training, fellowships, scientific visits and technical 
advice for establishment of training laboratories and procurement of 
equipment.  The program includes an effort to increase the number of 
PNRA junior staff trained in IAEA Incident and Emergency Center and 
Nuclear Security Equipment Laboratory activities. 
 
¶4. (SBU) Safety and Security of Research Reactors (RR) under Project 
and Supply Agreement (PSA). 
This activity assists Pakistan in the assessment of nuclear safety 
and security status of the PSA reactors and associated sites, 
including their physical protection, and identification of issues on 
operational and regulatory levels.  The IAEA and Pakistan are also 
discussing HEU-to-LEU conversion and spent fuel return problems. 
The IAEA has a plan under development for better coordination of 
IAEA assistance for upgrading safety and security systems of 
research reactors.  The final version of the IAEA Technical 
Assistance Plan is expected to be completed by the end of 2009. 
 
¶5. (SBU) National Training Course on Physical Protection of Nuclear 
Facilities and Materials for Pakistani participants, Beijing, China 
in December 2008. 
This course trained participants in the physical protection of 
nuclear facilities and materials and promoted understanding of the 
methodology used in establishing an effective national physical 
protection program.  Twenty participants from PNRA and other 
relevant organizations of Pakistan participated. 
 
¶6. (SBU) Establishment of a mobile laboratory in Pakistan for 
responding to radiological incidents. 
This project will design and equip one PNRA vehicle with the 
necessary detection and response-related equipment for responding to 
radiological incidents. A PNRA team visited France in January 2009. 
 
A French CEA team was expected to visit Pakistan in April 2009 to 
follow up. 
 
¶7. (SBU) Detection Equipment for PNRA's Nuclear Security Action 
Plan, Phase I. 
This project provided a set of basic radiation detection equipment, 
which is now available with PNRA for use.  Some of the equipment 
will be used by front line officers to combat illicit trafficking at 
the northern borders of Pakistan and the remainder will be used at 
the PNRA's nuclear security training center in Islamabad. 
 
¶8. (SBU) Detection Equipment for PNRA's Nuclear Security Action Plan 
- Phase II. 
This project will provide a set of basic radiation detection 
equipment for the implementation of PNRA's Nuclear Security Action 
Plan.  Following the agreement with PNRA, the required equipment and 
specifications were agreed by PNRA and the IAEA.  The equipment was 
procured, tested, accepted and shipped to Pakistan. 
 
¶9. (SBU) Establishment of Nuclear Security Equipment Training, 
Certification, Maintenance, Repair Laboratory at the PNRA Nuclear 
Security Training Centre, Islamabad. 
This prospect supports PNRA in building capacity for training, 
certification, maintenance and repair of detection equipment used in 
combating nuclear terrorism.  A proposal for training, 
certification, and maintenance of a repair lab for radiation 
detection equipment for the PNRA Nuclear Security Centre, Islamabad, 
has been prepared by PNRA and is being finalized. 
 
¶10. (SBU) Illicit Trafficking Information Management and 
Coordination Workshop, in Sri Lanka, September 2008. 
This workshop was focused on strengthening states' capacities to 
combat nuclear trafficking through enhanced information management 
and coordination.  The workshop was hosted by the Sri Lankan Atomic 
Energy Authority and attended by 25 representatives of regulatory 
and law enforcement agencies from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, 
Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.  The IAEA held bilateral meetings with 
delegations on the margins of the workshop to discuss outstanding 
issues related to information cooperation.  The workshop 
substantially improved participants understanding of the ITDB 
processes and reporting requirements, which should result in the 
improved reporting in the future. 
 
¶11. (SBU) Regional Workshop on Nuclear Material Accounting and 
Control at Facilities, Jakarta, Indonesia in November 2008. 
The purpose of this training course, which included Pakistani 
participation, was to provide concepts and technology focusing on 
national obligations to establish and strengthen state systems of 
nuclear material accountancy and control (SSACs) and physical 
protection arrangements, to account for and control nuclear material 
in the State, and to contribute to the detection of possible losses, 
or unauthorized use or removal of nuclear material. 
 
UNODC Activities in Pakistan 
---------------------------- 
¶12. (SBU) The UNODC Container Control Program is currently working 
in Pakistan on several activities relevant to nuclear smuggling.  A 
Project Document was signed by involved Pakistani agencies and UNODC 
in September 2007.  The Pakistan program has been rolled into a 
wider subregional program covering Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Iran, 
Kazakhstan, Pakistan, and Turkmenistan (ECO countries).  UNODC 
agreed to establish Port Control Units in Karachi, Port Qasim and in 
seven dry ports (Torkham, Chamman/Quetta, Sust, Lahore, Sambrial, 
Faisalabad and Multan), since the dry ports are linked to the 
seaports in the national transport network.  A technical needs 
assessment was completed for the seaports of Karachi and Port Qasim 
and the dry ports in Lahore, Faislabad and Sambrial.  The remaining 
dry ports have not been assessed due to the security situation not 
allowing UN staff to visit these places. 
 
¶13.  (SBU) The training program commenced in January 2008 with a 
three-week theoretical training workshop completed in Dubai.  UNODC 
(in coordination with the World Customs Organization) trained 38 
officials from the Pakistani Customs and the Anti-Narcotic Force 
(ANF).  There are ongoing negotiations between Pakistan Customs, ANF 
and UNODC about the establishment of Port Control Units (PCUs), 
establishment of the Steering Committee, procurement of equipment 
 
(UNODC) and the Government contribution.  UNODC/WCO assisted in 
establishing four PCUs (2 Customs units and 2 ANF units) at Karachi 
and Port Qasim, equipped with with basic search and safety 
equipment, computers etc.  Training was also undertaken in the use 
of the information sharing mechanisms (ContainerComm).  The IAEA 
Office of Nuclear Security has been involved in the Pakistan 
project, including in nuclear/radiological training at all the 
seaports and dry ports.  Law enforcement officials working in these 
locations will be trained by the IAEA in a similar manner to UNODC 
training on drug-related matters. 
 
¶14.  (SBU) In 2009, there was follow-up practical training in 
January (19 officials trained) and March (14 officials trained). 
The units are currently fully operational (equipped and trained) and 
working based on modern methodologies in the area of profiling of 
containers.  All four units have been operational since March 2009. 
UNODC is currently planning for a Work Study Tour for selected 
officials to the container port in Antwerp (16 officials) in May and 
for the initial theoretical training in Lahore for "dry port 
officials," tentatively scheduled to take place in July 2009. 
Additionally, follow-up training in Lahore is targeted for October 
¶2009. 
 
¶15.  (SBU) There is also ongoing procurement of technical equipment 
- some of the equipment through headquarters and some through the 
UNODC office in Islamabad.  However, UNODC has faced problems in 
procuring HazMatId kits and therefore continues to lobby for a U.S. 
in kind contribution of C-30 kits.  According to UNODC officials, a 
contribution of C-30 kits (www.sasrad.com/products/ct30.htm) would 
greatly assist in accelerating the pace of the training program in 
Pakistan.  Currently, Canada remains the largest donor 
(approximately U.S. $2 million) to the UNODC container training 
program in Pakistan.  Given the growth of the program there, UNODC 
now faces a shortfall of approximately U.S. $1 million.  Note:  The 
European Commission has fully funded (approximately U.S. $3 million) 
the UNODC's related regional training programs in Afghanistan, 
Azerbaijan, Iran, and Kazakhstan.  Canada has also partially funded 
the Turkmenistan portion of the program (approximately U.S. 
$500,000), but currently a shortfall of approximately U.S. $500,000 
remains.  End Note. 
 
Comment 
------- 
 
¶16. (SBU) As indicated above, IAEA/ONS and UNODC activities in 
Pakistan are extensive and currently cover several aspects of 
nuclear and radiological security.  Assessing the quality of the 
training and materials ONS is providing to Pakistan and the overall 
benefits of the cooperation is impossible from Vienna, and we would 
welcome views from Islamabad and Washington.  ONS informs us it will 
undertake a trip to five radiological sites (current locations 
unknown) in June; Mission will pursue more information about the 
location of radiological sources with which IAEA is concerned after 
that trip.  Meanwhile, as the U.S. currently provides no funding for 
the UNODC container control program, an in-kind contribution of C-30 
kits for use in Pakistan would send a much needed positive signal 
regarding our support for the program.  End Comment. 
 
SCHULTE