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Viewing cable 09ABUDHABI437, UAE WOMEN PREFER NOT TO DEFINE SUCCESS BY GENDER

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09ABUDHABI437 2009-05-05 12:22 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Abu Dhabi
P 051222Z MAY 09
FM AMEMBASSY ABU DHABI
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2433
INFO GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS ABU DHABI 000437 
 
 
FOR NEA/ARP AND DRL 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM PGOV SOCI AE
SUBJECT: UAE WOMEN PREFER NOT TO DEFINE SUCCESS BY GENDER 
 
REF: 08 ABU DHABI 01124 
 
Sensitive but unclassified; please protect accordingly 
 
1.  (SBU) Summary:  Much has been written about the (relatively) 
progressive UAE attitude towards women and the great successes of 
Emirati women academically and professionally.  Female Emirati 
contacts report they are pleased with the development of women in the 
UAE but still feel constrained by traditional attitudes.  Despite 
some progress, they appear to accept that the parameters of female 
self determination in the UAE continue to be defined largely by men. 
End summary. 
 
-------------------------- 
Real Emirati Women...Cook? 
-------------------------- 
 
2.  (U) The comments of one older woman (a grandmother, mother of 
eight, and step-mother of two) sum up the progress made.  In halting 
but clear English, she explained that as a girl there was no 
expectation that she would attend university or even high school -- 
she only finished primary school.  Her mother taught her "the 
important things that a woman must know to be a good wife."  She 
cited the predictable skills of "being a good cook and a good 
mother."  She did not say whether or not she wanted higher education, 
but recalled her mother "beating" and "forcing" her to learn how to 
cook.  She recalled the resentment she felt at not being allowed to 
play and have fun the way her brothers did, but at the time, could 
not conceive of anything else.  She holds no resentment towards her 
mother or the women of her generation as they "wanted me to 
understand my place." 
 
3.  (U) The older woman further noted with resignation that she had 
only succeeded in teaching one of her six daughters to cook and that 
had only happened in the months prior to her daughter's marriage. 
She pointed out that women like her daughter had so many options 
available that being a wife and mother was only one of many paths. 
One mother of three in her mid thirties admitted that she had chosen 
to marry early, not pursue a tertiary degree, and that it was 
important for her to learn how to "be a good wife".  She expressed no 
feelings of inferiority to those women (including her own sisters) 
who had chosen professional lives and applauded the direction in 
which women's lives were heading.  She mused "my daughters will have 
so much freedom when they grow up." 
 
4.  (U) Interestingly, it was the mothers of young girls who were the 
most comfortable with the status of women today although they 
admitted that there was still room for progress.  One, a shy and 
thoughtful public servant in her mid-thirties, expressed annoyance 
that conversations about UAE women always seemed to remark on women's 
successes because they were women rather than commend the successes 
themselves.  She felt that after a generation of focusing on female 
education, it was time for the conversation to shift and for women to 
be judged on the merits of their achievements rather than on their 
abilities "as women."  A kindergarten teacher and mother of two young 
girls strongly agreed that a decoupling was needed and said she often 
reminded her husband to compliment their daughters' achievements 
without focusing on gender.  She said that as a teacher, she felt 
that self determination should be encouraged early and would pave the 
way for the parents of little girls to lift more restrictions when 
their daughters reach adulthood.  "Children are very good teachers," 
she said. 
 
----------------- 
PROGRESS UNDERWAY 
----------------- 
 
5.  (U) Two younger public servants may be representative of this 
younger generation.  Rattling off the achievements of women -- female 
diplomats, lawyers, pilots, doctors, etc -- they reported feeling 
self-induced pressure to pursue higher education and professional 
lives.  One, a mother of two in her mid thirties, originally from 
Sharjah, admitted that growing up she had always admired her father's 
academic achievements, proudly telling PolOff that "he went to 
university in Iraq", and felt that his education had informed the 
openness with which he raised his children.  She recognized early 
that his encouragement to aim high was different from the attitudes 
of her friends' fathers.  Another woman, in her late twenties and not 
yet married, expressed similar sentiments, saying that she felt no 
pressure to succeed from her father, but that "he always talked to me 
about the world, life, politics, and I was just interested in finding 
out for myself."  By comparison, her mother neither encouraged nor 
discouraged her university career because "she knew that I was very 
stubborn and would do what I wanted to do anyway." 
 
----------------- 
BUT MEN STILL LEAD 
----------------- 
 
6.  (U) A reserved young housewife and mother of two, her apparent 
conservatism underscored by the veil she wears over her face (in 
front of men), expressed anger and resentment at the failure of some 
families to keep pace with changes.  She, a Dubai native -- a 
disappearing minority -- felt "frustrated" at growing up during the 
height of Dubai's development, being exposed to a number of 
interesting experiences (including two years abroad as a child), and 
yet, her family "forced" her to marry as soon as she graduated from 
college.  With tremendous effort to hide her resentment, she sighed 
"Of course, as soon as I got married, my husband wouldn't let me 
work.  Now my degree is wasted and I'll never be able to do 
anything."  She also added, "I know this sounds silly, but all I want 
to do is take my children to Disneyland and I can't even do that 
unless my husband or father goes with me." 
 
7.  (SBU) A healthily ambitious young public servant echoed similar 
frustration at families failing to keep pace with the changed world 
in which their daughters were growing up.  She lamented the fact that 
"I really wanted to go to college in the United States, but nobody 
will let their daughters go away."  PolOff questioned this, given her 
father's general open mindedness, but she said she always knew that 
"even if he was comfortable with it, the community would tell him 
that it was against the religion."  Clearly still resentful of this 
particular restriction, she told PolOff that "I want to talk about 
[constraints on women], but right now it still makes me sad."  (Note: 
 This young woman was selected for an International Visitor Program 
sponsored by the USG in 2007 but was unable to travel due to family 
insistence that she have an escort.  End note.) 
 
------- 
COMMENT 
------- 
 
8.  (SBU) The "women's movement" in the UAE context is much more 
tempered than its Western equivalents, with the number of Emirati 
women overtly advocating for significantly more freedoms remaining in 
the minority.  Outwardly most women appear to have accepted the 
national narrative that women can avail themselves of many 
opportunities -- yet choose to describe their evolution in terms of a 
gift granted by society rather than an inherent right.  As successful 
as the women are, the parameters of social tradition continue to be 
defined largely by family -- and men.  Credit for the decision to 
promote female education is given to the late founding father of the 
country, Sheikh Zayed; the high profile appointments of women into 
ministerial, ambassadorial, and judicial positions were decisions 
taken by male rulers with a vision to promote the development of 
women.  Even in speaking to this small sample of women, the greatest 
influences in their lives with respect to education and careers were 
their fathers.  None of them credited their mothers with encouraging 
them to explore broader horizons.  Rather, when probed about who 
specifically is opposed to them pursuing opportunities abroad, all 
women agreed that it was their mothers although the edicts were given 
by the family patriarchs. 
 
End comment. 
 
GREENE