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Viewing cable 09GUATEMALA239, RECOMMENDATION THAT USG SUPPORT CICIG MANDATE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09GUATEMALA239 2009-03-17 07:09 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Guatemala
VZCZCXYZ0011
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHGT #0239/01 0760709
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 170709Z MAR 09
FM AMEMBASSY GUATEMALA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 7109
INFO RHMFIUU/DEPT OF JUSTICE WASHINGTON DC
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 0277
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHDC
RUEABND/DEA HQS WASHDC
UNCLAS GUATEMALA 000239 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT PLS PASS TO USAID FOR LAC/CAM - SEIFERT 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PGOV SNAR EAID PINR PHUM UN GT
SUBJECT: RECOMMENDATION THAT USG SUPPORT CICIG MANDATE 
EXTENSION 
 
Summary 
------- 
1.  (SBU) The two-year mandate of the UN-led International 
Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG) is set to 
expire in September 2009, and public opinion in Guatemala 
strongly favors extending it.  The Embassy recommends that 
the USG support extension.  CICIG is of pivotal importance to 
advancing our rule of law objectives, and specifically to 
combating Guatemala's nearly ubiquitous impunity.  President 
Colom has already stated he will ask the UN for an extension, 
and it appears that most members of Congress are supportive. 
CICIG has not yet secured criminal convictions, but many of 
its investigations are well advanced.  End Summary. 
 
President Colom to Request Extension 
------------------------------------ 
2.  (U) President Colom told reporters on March 3 that he 
will request that the UN extend CICIG's mandate fo a further 
two years, because he believes "that he Commission is 
providing important support to the country, and much remains 
to be done."  Furthermore, Colom said, he would prefer that 
Commissioner Carlos Castresana remain at CICIG's helm. 
 
Congressional Approval Appears Likely 
------------------------------------- 
3.  (SBU) An extension of CICIG's mandate would be subject to 
congressional approval.  Although Congress was initially 
reticent to approve the establishment of CICIG, and many of 
its members with ties to organized crime undoubtedly would 
prefer that it be disbanded, early indications are that a 
majority in Congress would approve the extension.  "Opposing 
the extension of CICIG's mandate would expose deputies and 
their parties to immediate press and international 
criticism," Guatemala Bench Deputy Rosa Maria de Frade told 
Pol/Econ Couns.  "Most are not willing to pay that price, so 
congressional approval probably will not be an obstacle," she 
concluded.  Congressional leaders who have already announced 
their support for CICIG's extension include those of the 
governing UNE party's bench, the "Guatemala Bench," and the 
opposition Patriot Party.  Leaders of the FRG, UCN, and PAN 
party benches, which are allied with corrupt former President 
Alfonso Portillo (who was recently extradited from Mexico and 
released on bond), have said they would "have to study" the 
question of extending CICIG's mandate, rather than rejecting 
such a move outright. 
 
4.  (SBU) Support for extension of CICIG's mandate goes well 
beyond the executive and legislative branches of government. 
CICIG's principal Guatemalan counterpart, Attorney General 
Amilcar Velasquez, privately expressed to us his strong 
support, as did his Secretary General, Gloria Porras. 
Private sector leaders and newspaper columnists are 
overwhelmingly in favor, and most letters to editors of major 
newspapers express support. 
 
No Convictions Yet, but Good Progress 
------------------------------------- 
5.  (SBU) CICIG has yet to secure any high-profile 
convictions, but several of its investigations are well 
advanced and may soon bear fruit.  These include the Portillo 
embezzlement case, the Nicaraguan bus murders, the March 2008 
narco-massacre, the Central American Parliament murders case, 
the Victor Rivera murder, and the investigation of former 
Chief Homicide Prosecutor Alvaro Matus.  CICIG has also 
coached national authorities in dozens of other 
investigations and prosecutions, and directly supervises a 
special unit of the Public Ministry (Attorney General's 
Qspecial unit of the Public Ministry (Attorney General's 
Office).  However, CICIG's contributions go beyond 
prosecutorial activities.  CICIG is working closely with 
Congress on a host of security-related legislation.  It is 
helping authorities to implement the new Organized Crime Law, 
which affords investigators such critical tools as wire 
tapping and undercover operations.  CICIG laid out a plan for 
removing corrupt senior officials from the Public Ministry 
last year, which President Colom then executed.  Through a 
series of high-profile, compelling and impassioned public 
appearances, Commissioner Castresana has assumed an informal 
role as the country's conscience, demanding that leaders do 
better in providing security and justice. 
 
CICIG Pivotal to Advancing USG Objectives 
----------------------------------------- 
6.  (SBU) Security issues are at the top of our substantive 
agenda with the GOG.  Guatemala's rule of law institutions 
are foundering under a wave of violence, much of which is 
narco-driven.  CICIG is the international community's premier 
 
tool in shoring up Guatemala's ROL institutions and combating 
impunity; the USG and Spain are CICIG's top donors.  CICIG's 
institutional impact can be observed by comparing two key ROL 
institutions, the Public Ministry and the Supreme Court. 
CICIG can and does directly influence the Public Ministry. 
It is teaching Public Ministry personnel how to succeed in 
investigating and prosecuting organized crime, and is 
infusing them with new energy.  Thanks to CICIG's 
aforementioned intervention and guidance, the Public Ministry 
is notably stronger now than it was one year ago.  In 
contrast, CICIG does not have influence over the Supreme 
Court, the members of which are chosen every five years by a 
congressionally-appointed commission.  The Supreme Court 
remains corrupt and adrift. 
 
Recommendation 
-------------- 
7.  (SBU) The Embassy recommends that the USG support a 
two-year extension of CICIG's mandate.  While CICIG has not 
yet secured high-profile convictions in cases of organized 
criminal penetration of the state, its investigations into 
some of Guatemala's most important cases are well advanced 
and promising.  It has already brought indictments in several 
cases.  CICIG has rendered valuable service in varied areas 
such as legislative reform and coaching national rule of law 
authorities.  Its cooperation with the Embassy has been 
excellent.  Its expert advice would be invaluable to the 
judicial reform process that we are encouraging the state to 
undertake.  Most Guatemalans and local representatives of 
donor countries favor its extension:  We believe CICIG 
continues to have a very valuable role to play in improving 
the rule of law in Guatemala, and believe a two-year 
extension would allow it to complete the investigation and 
prosecution of a number of emblematic cases.  It would also 
strengthen the Guatemalan Public Ministry's ability to 
investigate and prosecute high-profile cases once CICIG 
departs. 
McFarland