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FM AMEMBASSY GABORONE
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UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 GABORONE 000096 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR AF/S, AF/PD, CA/OSC, DS/IP/AF, DS/DSS/OSAC 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PGOV ASEC CASC SCUL SOCI PHUM BC
SUBJECT: UB SUSPENDS CLASSES AFTER STUDENT STRIKES 
 
¶1.  SUMMARY: Students at the University of Botswana (UB) are unhappy 
over changes in government policy regarding their monthly 
allowances.  The UB Student Representative Council (SRC) organized a 
series of demonstrations to protest the changes, and an attempted 
march from the university to Parliament on February 2 was stopped by 
riot police.  The UB Vice Chancellor announced February 4 that the 
university would "suspend lessons indefinitely" due to the unrest. 
One American university has suspended its exchange program with UB 
and flown its students home.  At least 23 other American 
undergraduates are still enrolled at UB, although many of them have 
moved to off-campus housing.  END SUMMARY. 
 
Students Angry about Allowances 
-------------------------------- 
¶2.  In Botswana, university students receive a monthly allowance 
from the government that is supposed to cover their cost of living 
(food, clothing, transport, toiletries).  Students who live in 
campus dormitories receive 150 pula per month (approximately $19), 
but are given free room and board, while students living off campus 
are supposed to receive 1,920 pula per month (approximately $246) to 
enable them to pay for food and lodging.  Botswana's Ministry of 
Education announced in late 2008 that the rules governing 
disbursement of monthly stipends for university students would 
change beginning in January 2009.  The government will no longer pay 
an allowance to any student who has exceeded the normal time for his 
degree due to failing courses.  One way that this change is being 
enforced is that payments were suspended to any student who began 
his program in 2004 or earlier (meaning they are now in year 5 or 
more at the university.)  Students are also unhappy that the 
Ministry is reportedly making it harder for students to live 
off-campus and thus receive the higher monthly allowance.  They 
claim that many students who have notified the university that they 
live off campus are still being paid the lower on-campus allowance 
rate and they cannot make ends meet. 
 
 
Students Protest the Alleged Injustice 
-------------------------------------- 
¶3.  In January 2009, the SRC filed an urgent application with the 
High Court in Lobatse alleging that the Ministry of Education had 
"breached its contractual terms" with university students by 
changing allowance regulations.  The High Court rejected the 
students' application on January 29, saying that it was not urgent 
and should be handled using normal court procedure.  On January 30, 
the SRC declared that students were "on strike," and angry groups of 
students reportedly entered classrooms, the cafeteria, and other 
campus buildings trying to force non-participating colleagues 
(including American students at UB on various exchange programs) to 
join them.  The protestors planned to march from the university to 
the Ministry of Education to present a petition, but their 
application for permission was denied by the police due to lack of 
sufficient advanced notice.  The students decided to march without a 
permit, but were turned around by armed riot police. 
 
¶4.  Students continued to disrupt normal campus activities the week 
of February 2.  SRC members allegedly patrolled campus to prevent 
students from attempting to attend class while others entered 
dormitory rooms to try to force students to join them in protest. 
UB students tried to march again on February 2.  They had hoped to 
convene in front of the Parliament, where Finance Minister Gaolathe 
was presenting Botswana's 2009-2010 budget, an important annual 
event with President Khama and other VIPs in attendance.  However, 
they were again stopped by riot police.  This time, however, the 
police-student confrontation grew violent, with students throwing 
stones and police using their batons.  SRC leaders told the media 
that they believed the police used excessive force, which reportedly 
resulted in student injuries including broken bones.  According to 
media accounts, a number of innocent bystanders were also caught up 
in the clash, which occurred near Gaborone's Main Mall.  Class 
boycotts continued February 3-4, and on February 4 the Vice 
Chancellor announced that the UB had suspended lessons 
"indefinitely."  The University Council was expected to meet on 
February 5 to determine the length of the closure.  UB sources also 
told us that two members of the SRC have been expelled and the other 
members have been suspended. 
 
 
American Students Move Out, Lay Low 
----------------------------------- 
¶5.  The University of North Carolina-Greensboro chose to withdraw 
its four students from the UB after the protests began on January 
¶30.  All four students have departed Botswana.  Several other 
exchange programs continue to operate, including the Consortium for 
International Educational Exchange (CIEE) and Associated Midwestern 
Colleges (ACM), which together have 23 American students at UB. 
Most foreign students have reportedly been moved away from the main 
UB campus, either a conference facility located in Mogoditshane 
(approximately 20 minutes from Gaborone) or to local hotels.  Some 
 
GABORONE 00000096  002 OF 002 
 
 
foreign students have chosen to stay in their dorms at the main 
campus.  The Consul has been in regular contact with the 
University's Office of International Exchanges and Partnerships and 
the leaders of the US-sponsored exchange programs.  The Embassy also 
issued a Warden message on February 2 warning citizens about the 
unrest and asking that they avoid the area around the university 
campus.  In addition, PAO met with university officials on February 
4 and decided to postpone a Black History Month film festival at the 
university, which had been scheduled for February 9-13, until the 
security situation improves. 
 
 
Comment 
------- 
¶6.  COMMENT: The GOB probably made a tactical error by announcing 
changes to its student stipend policy in the middle of an academic 
year and just before the festive season.  Students had little time 
to understand the new rules before they took effect, and this may be 
why they have reacted so strongly to changes they perceive as 
unfair.  However, in the current climate of belt-tightening and 
deficit budgets, it is hard to imagine that the GOB will give in to 
student demands and either pay to allow failing students to repeat 
semesters or allow more students to live off campus despite the 
availability of cheaper on-campus accommodation.  Many workers in 
Botswana, especially domestics, laborers, and other 
non-professionals, make less than 1,900 pula per month, and there 
seems to be little public sympathy for the students' demands.  It is 
therefore hard to see what the students will gain from this protest. 
 Many commentators believe that if the university removes some of 
the rowdier SRC ringleaders, campus will settle down and classes 
will resume soon.  Post will continue to maintain close contact with 
both university officials and the leaders of U.S. student exchange 
programs to ensure the safety of Americans at university of 
Botswana, and we will send additional warden messages as required. 
END COMMENT. 
 
 
NOLAN