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UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 11 ABUJA 000290 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT PASS TO G/TIP, G-ACBlank, INL, DRL, PRM, USAID, AF/RSA 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM KTIP KCRM KWMN SMIG KFRD ASEC PREF ELAB
SUBJECT: NIGERIA:  9TH ANNUAL TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS REPORT 
 
Ref: STATE 132759 
 
THIS MESSAGE IS SBU; NOT FOR INTERNET DISTRIBUTION 
 
¶1. (SBU) The following is Mission Nigeria's submission for the 9th 
Annual Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report.  Paragraphs respond to 
questions in reftel. 
 
¶2. (SBU) THE COUNTRY'S TIP SITUATION: 
-- A. The main sources of available information are the National 
Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP), the 
Ministry of Labour, Nigeria Police Force (NPF), Nigeria Immigration 
Service (NIS), the International Organization for Migration (IOM), 
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), UNICEF and various 
other NGOs. NAPTIP commissioned a central database to collect 
information on trafficking victims and offenders in August 2009. 
The database only contains limited data at this time, however, and 
statistics remain unreliable. 
 
-- B. Nigeria is a source, transit, and destination country for 
trafficked men, women, and children.  Trafficking also occurs within 
the country's borders in territory that remains in government 
control.  International trafficking destinations include, but are 
not limited to: ECOWAS countries, Italy, Spain, Netherlands, 
Germany, Turkey, Belgium, Denmark, France, Switzerland, Norway, 
Ireland, Greece, Russia, and Saudi Arabia.  Transit countries 
include countries in North Africa, particularly Libya and Morocco. 
While Libya and Morocco are not considered destination countries, 
often victims will live and work in these countries for an 
indefinite period of time during travel.  Other established land 
routes to Europe transit Benin, Togo, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, 
and Mali. The absence of travel restrictions makes ECOWAS countries 
a destination for trafficking, but Europe offers greater profits. 
TIP victims sent to Europe are most often involved in the sex 
industry.  Italy remained the prime destination for Nigerians, 
especially those from Benin City in Edo State.  TIP victims in the 
UK are more often found in domestic work.  In Saudi Arabia, TIP 
victims are found in both prostitution and forced labor.  In Nigeria 
and the rest of Africa, TIP victims are working in prostitution, 
domestic labor, field work, and forced begging activities.  There is 
a high level of internal trafficking, going from rural areas and 
states such as Akwa Ibom, Cross River, Imo and northern states to 
the urban centers of Lagos, Abuja, and Kano. 
 
-- C. The conditions victims are trafficked into en route and upon 
arrival at final destination are often harsh and sometimes deadly. 
The overland route traveled most is through the Sahara Desert 
regions of Niger and Algeria.  The journey is long and many die from 
exhaustion or dehydration.  Women forced into prostitution are often 
imprisoned in brothels or threatened with harm against their 
 
ABUJA 00000290  002 OF 011 
 
 
families if they attempt to escape.  Women and children who are 
trafficked, internally and internationally, for domestic labor are 
often forced to live in squalid conditions, beaten, starved and 
sometimes sexually assaulted.  The almajiri children forced into 
begging are many times purposely scarred or injured to garner 
sympathy from potential "donors." 
 
-- D. Vulnerability to TIP: Traffickers most often target the young 
and poor, aged 8 to 25 years in age.  Women and young girls are most 
at risk to be trafficked internationally for prostitution or 
domestic labor.  Young boys are most at risk to be trafficked 
internally for forced field work.  Young Muslim boys specifically 
are most at risk of becoming one of the many million almajiri 
beggars. 
 
-- E. Traffickers and Their Methods: Both individuals and organized 
syndicates conducted trafficking often involving relatives or other 
persons already known to the victims.  Traffickers work in 
syndicates at both the small, local level and also at the 
international level.  These syndicates are usually run by a wealthy 
individual referred to as a "kingpin" or "madam" who heads the 
organization.  The syndicates also include a wide network of workers 
organized by specialties, such as document and passport forgery, 
recruitment, and transportation.  Working level police and 
immigration officers were often complicit by accepting bribes to 
look the other way at border crossings and check points. 
 
Traffickers often employed deception to lure their victims and lie 
to the victim about the work they will do.  To recruit young women, 
traffickers made false promises of legitimate work outside the 
country.  While some TIP victims know they will go into 
prostitution, many victims are told, and believe, they will work as 
domestic/household help and only later find out that they will be 
subjected to slave labor or the sex industry.  Traffickers also 
deceived child victims and their parents with promises of education, 
training, and salary payments.  In many parts of the south, 
traffickers use traditional religious beliefs to frighten their 
victims with threats to their lives and the lives of their families 
to dissuade them from trying to escape or go to the police.  The 
traffickers will bring young girls before a religious "shrine" where 
they are forced to take an oath swearing them to secrecy.  The 
"priest" administering the oath will often take locks of the girls' 
hair and/or items of clothing such as underwear to perform the 
ritual.  The girls truly believe that if they try to escape or talk 
to the police, they or their loved ones will die.  Some young 
victims are desperate and encouraged by their families to travel to 
Europe in search of work to help support the family.  Many times it 
is an acquaintance of the family who offers to help secure work for 
the victims.  Traffickers will sometimes send money back to the 
families for a period of time before informing the family that the 
 
ABUJA 00000290  003 OF 011 
 
 
victim ran away. 
 
False documents are a common tool used to move TIP victims and 
readily available in Nigeria.  Traffickers will often use the 
passport of a girl who has already been trafficked with a legitimate 
visa.  The traffickers will substitute the photo and a second girl 
will travel with the doctored passport. 
 
¶3. (SBU) SETTING THE SCENE FOR THE GOVERNMENT'S ANTI-TIP 
EFFORTS: 
-- A. The Government of Nigeria does publicly acknowledge that 
trafficking is a problem and has steadily increased funding to 
NAPTIP each of the past three years, although some claim it is still 
not adequate. The government's efforts, however, are hampered by 
corruption, endemic poverty, and the country's porous borders. 
 
-- B. NAPTIP is the lead agency for all TIP issues and it has 
increased its credibility over the past two years due to its 
efforts. Additionally, both the Nigeria Police Force and Nigeria 
Immigration Service have TIP units that deal specifically with 
trafficking issues. 
 
-- C. Inadequate funding, lack of resources, and low capacity within 
law enforcement institutions limits the government's ability to 
address TIP.  On many occasions investigators do not have the money 
to travel or access to a vehicle to investigate a TIP case. 
Although the federal government has increased NAPTIP's budget 
steadily over the past few years, endemic poverty, corruption at all 
levels of government, and the country's porous borders also greatly 
hamper efforts to combat trafficking. 
 
-- D. The government monitors its anti-trafficking efforts through 
semi-annual anti-TIP stakeholders forums.  NAPTIP issues bi-annual 
reports with statistics and programming updates. Data has been 
unreliable; on September 4, however, NAPTIP, in association with the 
American Bar Association - Rule of Law Initiative (ABA-ROLI), 
commissioned the Trafficking in Persons database, Very Small 
Aperture Terminal (VSAT) and solar power project. The database 
connected all NAPTIP zonal offices (FYI: Nigeria groups its 36 
states into six zones - Northwest, Northeast, North Central, 
Southwest, Southeast, and South South - for many purposes.  END FYI) 
via VSAT with a solar-powered server, providing 24 hour access and 
operational capacity, despite frequent power outages.  The database 
was established to allow law enforcement and civil society across 
the country to collect and collate data in an effective and 
efficient manner better to track both criminals and victims, 
enhancing both prosecution and protection. 
 
¶4. (SBU) INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION OF TRAFFICKERS: 
-- A. Existing Laws against TIP: Nigeria prohibits all forms of 
 
ABUJA 00000290  004 OF 011 
 
 
trafficking through its 2003 Trafficking in Persons Law Enforcement 
and Administration Act, which was amended in 2005 to increase 
penalties for traffickers.  The Child Rights Act, although passed in 
2003, has only been adopted in 20 of the 36 states to date, making 
it ineffectual.  (FYI: According to the Nigerian constitution, laws 
pertaining to children's rights fall under state purview; therefore 
the Child Rights Act must be passed by individual state legislations 
in order to be fully implemented. END FYI)  Traffickers can also be 
prosecuted under the Criminal Code (applicable in southern states of 
Nigeria), the Penal Code (applicable in the northern states of 
Nigeria), the Edo State Law Against Human Trafficking (applicable 
only to Edo State), The Labor Act (1974), and the Immigration Act. 
The laws cover sexual and non-sexual, as well as internal and 
external trafficking, and provide penalties that include monetary 
fines, imprisonment, deportation, forfeiture of assets and passport, 
and liability compensation to victims in civil proceedings. 
 
-- B. Punishment of Sex Trafficking Offenses: The penalty for 
trafficking people for sexual exploitation purposes is ten years to 
life imprisonment and/or a 200,000 naira ($1,345) fine. In cases 
where the accused is given the choice between imprisonment and 
paying a fine, the penalty is far too lenient and does not act as a 
sufficient deterrent. In more recent cases, especially when the 
accused sexually assaulted the victim, judges have not been giving 
the option of fine, but rather imposing sentences of imprisonment 
which demonstrates increased attention to the seriousness of this 
crime.  The Criminal Code issues a sentence of two years 
imprisonment for procuring, pimping, and exploiting prostitutes. 
The Penal Code states trafficking in women for immoral purposes 
carries a seven year sentence; originally written as gender 
specific, it is now revised to allow for men and women to be 
protected from this crime. 
 
-- C. Punishment of Labor Trafficking Offenses: The penalty for 
trafficking for purposes of labor exploitation is five years 
imprisonment and/or 100,000 naira ($672) fine.  Labor cases are more 
likely to see judges issue a sentence with the option of paying a 
fine, which is far too lenient and does not act as a sufficient 
deterrent. 
 
-- D. The penalty for rape is ten years and/or a 200,000 naira 
($1,345) fine, while forcible sexual assault carries a two year jail 
term.  The penalty for rape is the same as trafficking for purposes 
of sexual exploitation. 
 
-- E. Law Enforcement Statistics: Data reflects that there were 209 
investigations, 37 prosecutions and 23 convictions during the 
reporting period. Sentences ranged from six months to 24 years. Of 
the 23 convictions received, four were offered the option of paying 
a fine in lieu of serving time. The NAPTIP Act of 2003 and the 
 
ABUJA 00000290  005 OF 011 
 
 
Criminal Code were the laws used to obtain these convictions.  Of 
the 932 victims identified during the reporting period, 387 were 
below 18 years of age. 
 
-- F. The government, NGOs and the USG provided the following 
specialized training for government officials in how to recognize, 
investigate, and prosecute instances of trafficking: 
 
¶1. NAPTIP provided Advanced Intelligence Gathering training for 110 
investigators, Defense Intelligence training to 50 staff members, 
and a Child Psychological Therapy course to 30 staff members. In 
total, NAPTIP states that 354 staff members have been trained either 
by in house training or trainings provided by other organizations. 
 
¶2. The Inspector General of NPF approved the implementation of a TIP 
Training Course in all NPF training institutions. The course 
curriculum was developed in 2007 by the NPF TIP Unit HQ with 
assistance from the USG through ABA-ROLI. 
 
¶3. The Federal Capital Territory Police Command organized two one 
day trainings for 186 officers on understanding, detecting, and 
investigating TIP cases. 
 
¶4. With USG funding ABA-ROLI produced a manual for the Nigeria 
Immigration Service training institutions which then used the 
materials to train 1,637 officers at various NIS schools. 
 
¶5. ABA-ROLI, the National Judicial Institute, UNICEF, and UNODC 
trained 78 judges and prosecutors on adjudicating TIP cases, proper 
handling of victims, and a mock trial. 
 
¶6. ABA-ROLI conducted two zonal trainings for 43 judges and 
prosecutors in the South West and South South zones to sensitize 
judges on the rights of victims. 
 
¶7. ABA-ROLI conducted TIP training for 385 officers from NPF, NIS, 
Customs, NDLEA and the State Security Service posted to four border 
posts (2 each in Cross River and Ogun States) to build the capacity 
of those officers most likely to encounter TIP cases on the ground. 
 
 
--G. The government increased collaboration on investigations with 
law enforcement agencies in the Netherlands, France, Spain, Italy, 
Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Britain, and Benin Republic. Officials 
attended international workshops on trafficking, and the government 
collaborated with Benin to arrest traffickers and repatriate 
trafficking victims. During the year, officials from NAPTIP 
conducted a series of digital video conferences with Ghanaian 
officials and civil society members to instruct them on how Ghana's 
newly formed antitrafficking task force could best combat 
 
ABUJA 00000290  006 OF 011 
 
 
trafficking and create an agency similar to NAPTIP. 
 
On September 10, NAPTIP announced the arrest of 60 Nigerians in 
eight European countries for human trafficking. In coordination with 
international agencies, NAPTIP had co-organized Operation Koovis, 
which was carried out in Belgium, France, Spain, Italy, Ireland, 
Germany, the Netherlands, and Britain, where the offenders faced 
prosecution. 
 
On November 2, NAPTIP officials in collaboration with the Benin 
Republic organized a four day Consultative Forum in Lagos. 
Representatives from Congo, Gabon and Togo also attended the event 
and presented country progress reports. One session led by NAPTIP 
addressed ways for all five countries to collaborate on TIP 
investigations.  The workshop culminated in two Plans of Action: the 
2009 Benin/Nigeria Joint Plan of Action and the 2009 
Zakpota/Abeokuta Plan of Action to address the trafficking of 
children across the borders between Nigeria and the Benin Republic. 
 
-- H. The government has established extradition agreements to 
repatriate traffickers; however, examples of such cases could not be 
confirmed during the reporting period. 
 
-- I. Corruption is endemic within the Nigerian Police Force and 
Nigerian Immigration Service.  The police and immigration officials 
are poorly paid and prone to accepting bribes to turn a blind eye to 
criminal actions, including trafficking.  There is strong suspicion 
of complicity in trafficking by individuals at border posts as well 
as airports.  In addition, officials do not always distinguish 
between victims of trafficking and prostitutes. 
 
-- J. There were no cases reported of government officials 
investigated or prosecuted for involvement in trafficking-related 
corruption during the reporting period. 
 
-- K. Prostitution is illegal at both the federal and state level; 
however it remains widespread in Nigeria, centered mainly in hotels, 
bars, markets, and crossroads areas such as truck stops. 
 
-- L. There were no reports of Nigerian peacekeeping troops being 
involved with trafficking or the exploitation of trafficking 
victims. 
 
-- M. Nigeria has not been identified as having a child sex tourism 
problem. 
 
¶5. (SBU) PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS: 
-- A.  The TIP Law Enforcement and Administration Act of 2003 
provides for humane treatment, protection, and non-discriminatory 
practices toward victims of trafficking.  This includes access to 
 
ABUJA 00000290  007 OF 011 
 
 
rehabilitation facilities, temporary stay privileges without valid 
documents, and medical attention. The federal government also 
approved the National Policy on Protection and Assistance to 
Trafficked Persons in Nigeria on November 12. The Policy's goal is 
to ensure the protection and rehabilitation of victims of 
trafficking by outlining objectives and implementation strategies in 
areas such as reception, sheltering, counseling, repatriation, 
integration and follow up care. The policy also attempts to address 
issues of assault, exploitation, and health hazards that commonly 
affect victims of trafficking. However, lack of resources, 
personnel, and training make it difficult for the government to 
provide protection for all victims of trafficking. 
 
-- B.  NAPTIP has seven shelters in operation in Nigeria: Abuja, 
Uyo, Kano, Sokoto, Benin City, Enugu, (each with capacity for 50 
victims) and Lagos (with capacity for up to 120 victims).  The Lagos 
shelter is the reception point for victims who are returned from 
abroad. The shelter offers immediate counseling and medical 
treatment to all incoming victims. If a victim decides to remain in 
the shelter, vocational training opportunities are offered. The 
Ministry of Women Affairs operates two shelters: one in Kano and 
another in Benin City.  The NGO Women Trafficking and Child Labour 
Eradication Foundation (WOTCLEF) operates a shelter in Abuja that 
can accommodate 30 victims. Another NGO, the Committee for the 
Support of the Dignity of Women (COSUDOW) runs a shelter in Benin 
City that can accommodate 18 women.  According to NAPTIP, there are 
a number of other shelters; but they are not reserved specifically 
for TIP victims. 
 
-- C.  NAPTIP provides access to legal, medical and psychological 
services through its shelters. NAPTIP has a Rehabilitation Unit that 
is charged with providing counseling to all victims. NAPTIP also has 
an agreement with certain hospitals and clinics to provide service 
to TIP victims and TIP victims with sexually transmitted infections 
or who are HIV positive can obtain medical assistance while in the 
shelters.  The government does not provide funding directly to NGOs 
but works in conjunction with several organizations such as IOM, 
UNICEF, WOTCLEF and other NGOs. 
 
-- D. The government does not provide permanent residency to TIP 
victims; but does provide temporary resident status to provide 
relief from deportation. 
 
-- E. Victims can stay in shelters as long as necessary; but older 
victims tend to stay six months or less. 
 
-- F. NAPTIP coordinates victim assistance with state-level 
Ministries of Women Affairs, IOM, UNODC, ILO, UNICEF and NGOs 
through its six zonal offices (Lagos, Uyo, Benin City, Enugu, Kano, 
Sokoto). Additionally, the Network of Non-Governmental Organizations 
 
ABUJA 00000290  008 OF 011 
 
 
Against Child Trafficking, Abuse and Labour (NACTAL) is a network of 
32 civil society groups across the country that provide a platform 
for a country-wide referral system that allows victims to be 
referred to an NGO in the vicinity of their home to receive 
counseling or rehabilitation if they wish. WOTCLEF serves as the 
National Secretariat for the group. 
 
-- G. Data reflects a total of 932 victims during the reporting 
period, all of whom pass through NAPTIP shelters. 
 
-- H. There is no formal system in place for law enforcement 
officials to identify victims among high risk persons; but the 
government and NGO partners have provided training to officers on 
the key elements of identifying TIP victims. 
 
-- I. Trafficking victims are not jailed or prosecuted for 
violations of other laws, such as those governing immigration and 
prostitution.  NAPTIP, however, keeps foreign TIP victims in 
shelters under guard until they can be repatriated.  NAPTIP assisted 
in the repatriation of 54 foreign nationals to their home countries 
during the reporting period: 30 to Republic of Benin, 9 to Togo, 8 
to Burkina Faso, 4 to Cameroon, 3 to Ghana. 
 
-- J. The government does encourage victims to assist in the 
investigation and prosecution of trafficking cases as victim's 
testimony is required to prosecute. Victims can file suite against 
their traffickers but rarely do so because of fear or pressure. In 
August, NAPTIP, in coordination with the Ministry of Justice, 
established a Victim's Trust Fund that is supposed to provide funds 
for restitution on a case by case basis.  A draft legislative policy 
for a witness protection program that would increase the protection 
of witnesses who agree to testify is currently being reviewed by law 
enforcement agencies and the judiciary 
 
-- K. NAPTIP, in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 
organized a workshop for Nigerian diplomats to sensitize them to 
trafficking in persons. However, there were no specific reports of 
victims assisted by Nigerian embassies or consulates during the 
reporting period. Nigeria's Ambassador to Algeria, Jeremiah Hassan 
made a public statement that the growing number of victims 
transiting Algeria was posing a great challenge to the Mission.  In 
his press statement, Ambassador Hassan referred to the recent death 
of 21 Nigerians who had been deported and on their way home when 
they got lost, ran out of gas, and died in the desert.  Ambassador 
Hassan called on Nigeria's federal government to sensitize its 
citizens to the dangers involved with trafficking. 
 
-- L. NAPTIP's Lagos shelter is the reception point for nationals 
who are repatriated as victims of trafficking. The shelter offers 
immediate counseling and medical treatment to all incoming victims. 
 
ABUJA 00000290  009 OF 011 
 
 
If a victim decides to remain in the shelter, vocational training 
opportunities are offered. NAPTIP assisted 45 Nigerian victims who 
were repatriated back from other countries during the reporting 
period. Of the 45, 4 were returned from the Republic of Benin, 4 
from Chad, 16 from Niger, and 21 from Burkina Faso. 
 
-- M. UNODC, UNICEF, ABA, and IOM are the major international 
organizations that work with trafficking victims. 
There are a number of local NGOs working with trafficking victims as 
well. Among the most prominent are: WOTCLEF, the Women's Consortium 
of Nigeria (WOCON), Idia Renaissance, The Society for the 
Empowerment of Young People (SEYP), Women's Rights Advancement and 
Protection Alternative (WRAPA), Girl's Power Initiative (GPI), 
African Women Empowerment Guild (AWEG), Committee for the Support of 
the Dignity of Women (COSUDOW), International Reproductive Rights 
Research Action Group (IRRRAG) and the Catholic Secretariat of 
Nigeria/Caritas Nigeria. 
 
WOTCLEF offers support to victims of trafficking in terms of skills 
training such as leather working, sewing, hairstyling, and other 
handcrafts. WOTCLEF also advises victims of opportunities for micro 
credit and small-scale loans that exist either through local banks 
or other NGOs. WOTCLEF also provides education for minors. 
 
¶6. (SBU) PREVENTION: 
-- A. NAPTIP's Public Enlightenment Unit worked with the media to 
raise awareness among the public. On August 5-6, NAPTIP conducted 
the First Anti-Human Trafficking Awareness Week in Abuja to 
celebrate the fifth anniversary of the agency and to launch the Red 
Card to Human Trafficking. The Red Card is an informational card for 
distribution that includes facts about trafficking and phone numbers 
for NAPTIP's zonal hotlines. Events consisted of press conferences, 
a charity walk, a two-day sensitization workshop, a benefit dinner, 
an awards dinner, and the launch of the Victims' Trust Fund. 
 
-- B. NAPTIP works closely with the Nigerian Immigration Service to 
monitor immigration and emigration patterns for evidence of 
trafficking. Nigeria's porous borders, however, make it very 
difficult to collect accurate data or prevent such trafficking. 
NAPTIP's sensitization programs have helped immigration authorities 
to recognize trafficking at the borders; but there are many miles of 
border not patrolled. 
 
-- C. A Stakeholder Forum, established by NAPTIP in 2003 to conduct 
training of security and immigration officials and hold meetings 
with local government leaders to raise awareness of trafficking 
issues, was supposed to meet monthly in each state and quarterly in 
Abuja; however, involvement at the state level waned over the year. 
Two national forums were held in Abuja during the year, both with 
large attendance by law enforcement officials, ministerial and 
 
ABUJA 00000290  010 OF 011 
 
 
government representatives, NGO groups and diplomatic missions. 
There are state-level anti-trafficking committees in 26 states that 
consist of law enforcement agents, immigration officials, federal 
ministries and NGOs. Additionally, UNODC facilitates a donor 
coordination group where Embassies, donors and other international 
organizations share information on projects and look for ways to 
collaborate. 
 
-- D. On August 20, the federal government passed the National Plan 
of Action (NPA) on Trafficking In Persons which was initially 
presented to former President Obasanjo in 2006. The NPA is a broad 
framework of action that covers research, prevention, prosecution, 
and protection and requires coordination between government, law 
enforcement agencies, the legislature, and NGOs.  NAPTIP, NIS, NPF, 
the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Women's Affairs, IOM, 
UNICEF, UNODC and other NGOs were involved in the drafting and 
continued lobbying for passage. Despite the passage of the NPA, 
implementation had not begun by year's end; but all parties engaged 
in the drafting pledged to push for implementation in the coming 
year. 
 
-- E. Although there are statutes at both the federal and state 
levels criminalizing prostitution, the commercial sex industry is 
pervasive. The government has not taken measures to reduce the 
demand for commercial sex acts. However, law enforcement officials 
have gradually increased efforts to shut down brothels. 
 
-- F. Although children are often trafficked out of the country for 
sexual purposes, there is no evidence of Nigerians participating in 
child sex tourism locally or internationally. 
 
-- G. Nigerian peacekeeping troops undergo human rights training 
through Africa Contingency Operations Training and Assistance 
(ACOTA) seminars before deployment. 
 
¶7. (SBU) HEROES:  Cordelia Ebiringa is the Officer in Charge of the 
Anti-Human Trafficking Unit of the National Immigration Service in 
Cross River State.  Despite scarce resources and personnel, Ebiringa 
has placed anti-trafficking immigration officers at all land and sea 
borders in Cross River, particularly those crossing to Cameroon. 
She has deployed two immigration officers to each of the eighteen 
local government areas in the state to monitor the movement of 
suspected pimps that recruit young women for domestic and 
international trafficking.  As Cross River does not have a NAPTIP 
office, she has excelled at enhancing the inter-agency process by 
collaborating with other NAPTIP zonal offices and NPF in 
coordinating investigations, repatriations, and prosecution of 
traffickers.  In 2008, Ebiringa took a personal interest in the 
resettlement of the natives of the Bakassi peninsula, which was 
returned to Cameroon sovereignty in August of that year.  She worked 
 
ABUJA 00000290  011 OF 011 
 
 
in the internally displaced persons camps with families to sensitize 
parents and ensure that displaced women and children would not fall 
victims to trafficking. 
 
¶8. (SBU) BEST PRACTICES:  NAPTIP's Stakeholder Forums demonstrate 
the government's attempts to create a collaborative approach to 
combating TIP. The forums bring together law enforcement agencies, 
government ministries, state level commissions, NGOs, and the 
diplomatic community in an effort to harmonize projects and share 
data. NAPTIP continually collects data from all stakeholders and 
issues a report containing the latest compiled statistics. 
Additionally, the forum creates a platform for the law enforcement 
agencies to discuss how to better coordinate investigative efforts 
as well as victim protection. The main theme that permeates these 
forums tends to be "we cannot fight trafficking in persons alone" 
and therefore, all stakeholders are constantly looking for ways to 
build on each other's abilities and successes. 
 
¶9. (U) CONTACT AND PREPARATION INFORMATION: 
Nyree Tripptree, Political Officer, Abuja 
Telephone: 234-9-461-4245 
E-mail: TripptreeNA@state.gov 
 
Lydia Butts, Political Officer, Lagos 
Telephone: 234-1-460-3400 Ext.3472 
E-mail: ButtsLB@state.gov 
 
Number of hours spent on preparation of Nigeria TIP Report: 
Chief of Mission: 1 
Deputy Chief of Mission: 1 
Political Counselor: 1 
Deputy Political Counselor: .5 
USAID Officers: 3 
INL Officer: 1 
DAO Officer: 1 
RSO: 1 
PolOff Lagos: 10 
PolOff Abuja: 35 
 
SANDERS