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UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 09 STATE 006970 
 
SENSITIVE  SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: AORC CDG ENRG KNNP MNUC PARM PGOV PREL UNGA IAEA NPT
SUBJECT: NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT): 
BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND REPORTING REQUEST 
 
UNVIE FOR IAEA 
GENEVA FOR CD DELEGATION 
USUN FOR POL 
USNATO FOR POL 
USEU FOR POL 
 
¶1.  (U) This is an action message; see paras 7-9 below. 
 
¶2.  (U) SUMMARY: The current Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty 
(NPT) review cycle continues with a third Preparatory 
Committee (PrepCom) meeting in May and culminates in a Review 
Conference (RevCon) in April-May 2010.  Various governments 
and other observers refer to the 2010 NPT RevCon as a 
milestone for achieving, or at least focusing on, a wide 
range of nonproliferation and disarmament goals.  We expect 
the 2010 NPT RevCon to grow in priority for the USG in the 
coming months.  With that in mind, the Department is 
 
STATE 00006970  002 OF 009 
 
 
providing background information on NPT matters to Embassies 
and Missions, and requesting relevant reporting from action 
addressees, whose host governments are most likely to 
influence the outcome of critical upcoming NPT meetings. 
Action addressees are requested to provide the names of post 
and host government POCs on NPT-related issues by February 2, 
and substantive responses to this demarche request by 
February 20.  END SUMMARY 
 
---------- 
Background 
---------- 
 
¶3.  (U) The NPT is the primary legal barrier to the global 
spread of nuclear weapons.  Except for the five 
treaty-defined nuclear weapon states (i.e., the United 
States, China, France, Russia, and the United Kingdom), NPT 
Parties renounce nuclear weapons.  The Treaty calls for 
cooperation on the peaceful use of nuclear energy among 
Parties, while requiring compliance with their NPT 
nonproliferation obligations.  The NPT also commits all 
Parties, even non-nuclear weapons states, to &pursue 
 
STATE 00006970  003 OF 009 
 
 
negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating 
to(nuclear disarmament.8  One hundred and ninety (190) 
states ) including all United Nations members except India, 
Israel, Pakistan, and North Korea ) are NPT Parties. (FYI: 
North Korea announced it would withdraw from the Treaty in 
2003, but some countries question whether its withdrawal is 
effective.  END FYI) 
 
¶4.  (U) Parties convene every five years to review the 
operation of the Treaty.  The next such Review Conference 
(RevCon) will take place in 2010 at the United Nations in New 
York City.  Each RevCon is preceded by three Preparatory 
Committee (PrepCom) meetings.  The third PrepCom meeting, to 
be held in May 2009 in New York City, is the near-term focus 
of our efforts on the NPT.  By agreement of Parties in 2000, 
the third PrepCom in the review cycle has goals that are 
unique among the three:  1) to agree on an agenda, rules of 
procedure, and background documentation for the RevCon; 2) to 
choose a president for the RevCon; and 3) to produce a 
consensus report containing substantive recommendations to 
the RevCon.  At the 2005 RevCon (the most recent one) and the 
2007 PrepCom, certain Parties used the need for consensus on 
 
STATE 00006970  004 OF 009 
 
 
the agenda as a means to block substantive discussion on 
matters they opposed for more than half of the periods of the 
meetings.  The United States hopes that the 2009 PrepCom will 
be able to resolve procedural issues quickly, so that Parties 
will have ample time at both the PrepCom and the 2010 RevCon 
to discuss the critical substantive issues that face the NPT. 
 
 
¶5.  (SBU) U.S. NPT priorities include: 
 
--  Principles and actions relating to compliance by all 
Parties, including  Iran, with their NPT commitments; 
 
--  Dissuading Treaty violators from withdrawing by making 
clear the consequences that would result; 
 
--  Urging universal adherence to the Treaty and to 
safeguards agreements (including the IAEA Additional 
Protocol); 
 
--  Preventing nuclear terrorism by securing nuclear 
material; 
 
STATE 00006970  005 OF 009 
 
 
--  Expanding cooperation on the peaceful uses of nuclear 
energy consistent with the NPT,s nonproliferation 
obligations; and 
 
--  Explaining to other Parties the significant U.S. efforts 
to reduce reliance on, and quantities of, nuclear weapons and 
nuclear material for those weapons. 
 
¶6.  (SBU) U.S. objectives at NPT meetings regarding most of 
these priorities are to achieve suitable language in a 
consensus document.  The issues of NPT noncompliance, 
nonproliferation in the Middle East, and nuclear disarmament 
are expected to be particularly contentious at the 2009 
PrepCom.  Reaching consensus, the usual goal of such 
meetings, will be a considerable challenge.  The requirement 
for consensus among 190 Parties for nearly any action at NPT 
review meetings makes it very difficult to take joint action. 
 A consequence is that many of the actions necessary to 
achieve the Treaty,s objectives must be taken outside the 
context of the review process.  For example, we have sought 
to address North Korea,s noncompliance and withdrawal from 
 
STATE 00006970  006 OF 009 
 
 
the NPT through the Six-Party Talks.  In addition to pursuing 
substantive objectives, such as those listed in para 5, we 
will seek changes to the procedures for selection of chairs 
and presidents of NPT meetings, which significantly favor the 
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and to the imbalanced scale of 
financial assessments of member states ) particularly for 
the United States. 
 
-------------- 
Action Request 
-------------- 
 
¶7.  (SBU) Action addressees are requested to: 1) seek 
information from relevant host government officials and 
nongovernmental sources - including news media - on the 
questions listed in para 8 (response requested no later than 
February 20); 2) provide post views on how best to engage 
host governments on NPT issues in the coming months; and 3) 
identify points of contact for posts and host governments for 
NPT-related issues at least through the end of May 2008 
(response requested no later than February 2).  Questions in 
para 8 may be left as a non-paper.  In replying to this 
 
STATE 00006970  007 OF 009 
 
 
message, posts should identify any previous reporting 
relaying host government positions on these issues.  Note 
that the Department will use responses from the field to this 
demarche request to brief new USG policymakers responsible 
for the NPT and related issues. 
 
¶8.  (SBU) Begin NPT questions: 
 
¶A.    What are the host government,s objectives for the NPT 
in general, and for the current review process in particular? 
 
¶B.    What policies or actions regarding the NPT does the 
host government hope to see from the United States? 
 
¶C.    What does the host government believe would represent a 
successful outcome to the current NPT cycle ending with the 
2010 Review Conference?  How important is it for Parties to 
reach consensus on substantive matters? 
 
¶D.    Does the host government believe that NPT parties 
should take action to address the NPT issues described below? 
 If so, what actions would it support? 
 
STATE 00006970  008 OF 009 
 
 
--  Noncompliance with the NPT, e.g., on the part of Iran and 
North Korea. 
 
--  The prospect of Parties violating and then withdrawing 
from the Treaty. 
 
--  The lack of NPT universality. 
 
--  The lack of universality of NPT safeguards agreements and 
the Additional Protocol. 
 
--  The spread of enrichment and reprocessing capabilities to 
additional countries. 
 
-- Fulfilling the Treaty,s obligation for the fullest 
possible international cooperation for the peaceful uses of 
nuclear energy consistent with the Treaty,s nonproliferation 
obligations. 
 
--  Fulfilling the Treaty,s obligations to pursue 
negotiations relating to nuclear disarmament. 
 
STATE 00006970  009 OF 009 
 
 
--  Transparency on the part of nuclear weapon states with 
regard to their nuclear weapons forces and policies. 
 
End NPT questions. 
 
¶9.  (U) Please slug replies for the Department (ISN/MNSA), 
Geneva (CD), UNVIE (IAEA), USUN (POL), USNATO (POL), and USEU 
(POL).  Questions regarding this message may be directed to 
Scott Davis (ISN/MNSA), who can be reached at 
davisms@state.sgov.gov, davisms@state.gov, or 1-202-647-1141. 
CLINTON