VZCZCXYZ0009
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHMU #1316/01 3021253
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 281253Z OCT 08
FM AMEMBASSY MANAGUA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 3300
INFO RUEHMU/WESTERN HEMISPHERIC AFFAIRS DIPL POSTS PRIORITY
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY

UNCLAS MANAGUA 001316 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR G/IWI AND WHA/CEN 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PGOV KWMN KDEM PGOV PHUM NU
SUBJECT: NICARAGUA: NOMINATION FOR THE SECRETARY'S AWARD FOR INTERNATIONAL WOMEN OF COURAGE
 
REF: A. STATE 99729 
     ¶B. MANAGUA 1308 
     ¶C. MANAGUA 1195 
     ¶D. MANAGUA 1102 
 
¶1.  (U) Embassy Managua is pleased to nominate Sofia 
Montenegro for the Secretary's Award for International Women 
of Courage, per ref A. 
 
¶2.  (U) Full Name of Nominee: Sofia Isabel Montenegro Alarcon 
 
¶3.  (U) Job Title and Institution: Executive Director, Center 
for Media Research (Centro de Investigacion de la 
Communicacion, CINCO) and leading founder of the Women's 
Autonomous Movement (MAM). 
 
¶4.  (SBU) Date of Birth: February 15, 1954 
 
¶5.  (U) Country of Birth: Nicaragua 
 
¶6.  (U) Citizenship:  Nicaragua 
 
¶7.  (SBU) Contact Information:  505-887-6363, 
ma mujeresnic@yahoo.es 
 
¶8.  (U) Justification:  "The more autonomy civil society has 
before political society, the stronger it will be."    This 
sentiment has guided Sofia Montenegro through nearly four 
decades of battling for democracy, gender equality and human 
rights.  From her origins as a militant of the Sandinista 
National Liberation Front (FSLN) before it came to power in 
1979, through her public break with the pro-Ortega faction of 
the FSLN in the early 1990s, to her current role as director 
of two of Nicaragua's key NGOs, Montenegro has consistently 
led Nicaragua's movement for human rights and equality.  She 
remains politically active today -- a vocal critic of 
President Daniel Ortega and First Lady Rosario Murillo, 
regularly commenting on their authoritarian tendencies. 
 
¶9.  (U) Montenegro is currently Executive Director of the 
Center for Media Research (Centro de Investigacion de la 
Communicacion, CINCO) and a leader of the Women's Autonomous 
Movement (Movimiento Autonomo de Mujeres, MAM), of which she 
was a founder.  CINCO is an NGO guided by three principles - 
freedom of association, freedom of expression, and a person's 
right to information.  With these guiding principles, 
Montenegro and CINCO have focused primarily on the 
development of an ethical and independent media and on the 
role of youth and women in a democracy.  As a founder of MAM, 
Montenegro has established a civic organization to address 
the contradiction that women comprise half of the population, 
but are in a position of political, economic, and social 
subordination.  MAM and Montenegro seek to raise the profile 
of women in society, so that they can be viewed with 
equality, enjoy the same measure of personal freedom as men, 
and actively participate in the political, economic, and 
social environment.  Montenegro has summarized MAM's work 
this way, "The Movement is about personal transformation as 
much as it is about fighting to transform public policies." 
 
¶10.  (SBU)  Montenegro believes sexual violence leads to 
severe political and social repercussions, and is symbolic of 
the dominant male and subordinate female roles in Nicaraguan 
society.  In this context, the goal of MAM and the women's 
movement in Nicaragua is to, as Montenegro said in a 1997 
interview, "expressly declare their objectives to fight 
against subordination (of women) and for the transformation 
of values and conditions for women."  Similarly, she views 
the case of President Daniel Ortega's alleged sexual abuse of 
his stepdaughter, Zoilamerica Narvaez, as illustrative of 
Ortega's "patriarchal and anti-democratic" style of 
governance.  Based in part on Zoilamerica's case, Montenegro 
and MAM declared Ortega a "coward" with no moral authority to 
govern and called on women around the world to come together 
in the fight for justice and solidarity.  Montenegro and MAM 
have led the charge in denouncing Ortega both domestically 
and internationally, leading Paraguay's incoming Minister of 
Women to declare Ortega "persona non grata" for the 
inauguration of President Lugo.  In response to Montenegro's 
leadership, women's groups around the region have mounted 
protests against Ortega's visits to their countries, 
including Paraguay, Honduras, El Salvador, and Costa Rica 
(ref D). 
 
¶11. (U) Because of Montenegro's outspoken criticism of the Ortega administration's undemocratic tendencies and the subsequent women's protests around the region which she has inspired, the Ortega government has sought to discredit and silence Montenegro (ref B). In an attempt to marginalize Montenegro, the Ortega administration has attacked the organizations she leads. It has accused MAM and CINCO of not being in administrative compliance with appropriate regulations and of possible "money laundering." The state prosecutor also summoned the leadership of both CINCO and MAM, including Montenegro, for questioning. The government has seized computers and documents from both organizations, and Nicaraguan courts have given the government access to the bank accounts of Montenegro and of the groups she leads.
 
¶12. (U) The government's effort to discredit Montenegro through administrative procedures has been conducted in tandem with an attack campaign by goverment-affiliated media. In the days following protests against Ortega in Honduras and Paraguay, government-aligned media outlets repeatedly dismissed and mocked the protesters as "minuscule groups" of "so-called feminists" financed by the USG. They attacked Ms. Montenegro for orchestrating "tiny protests" of women in these countries as part of a "well-articulated plan" to isolate Ortega from the international scene at a moment when Ortega was instrumental in expanding the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (ALBA). In a particularly despicable episode, the government-affiliated media employed guilt by association tactics and used Montenegro's relationship with her deceased brother (a high-ranking member of the Somoza National Guard) as evidence of her "treason."
 
¶13. (U) Despite the government's unrelenting attacks, Montenegro has continued to champion women's issues, gender equality, and democracy in Nicaragua. She is an iconic figure with the ability to mobilize democracy supporters, influencing not only the country's political dialogue, but also people's actions. As the government was beginning its harassment of her civil society organizations, Ms. Montenegro was instrumental in mobilizing women for a march in support of democracy in Leon, an FSLN stronghold north of Managua. Unfortunately, Ortega's supporters prohibited the march from taking place, resorting to extreme physical violence in the process (ref C). Montenegro continues to speak out against Ortega and his increasingly undemocratic government and has urged Nicaraguans to vote in the upcoming municipal elections to "stop and contain the authoritarian tendencies" of the second Ortega administration. She continues to demonstrate her commitment and resolve to protect democracy and women's' rights in the face of government persecution. Her unwavering attitude is reflected in her October 19 interview with "La Prensa," Nicaragua's largest circulation daily. She said, "We have decided that they will not make us yield; let them take us to jail in this state of defenselessness, powerlessness, where crushing power is wielded in the most grotesque, authoritarian and abusive manner."
 
¶14.  (U)  Embassy Managua's POC for women's issues is PolOff 
Michael Garcia, tel. 505-252-7405, and e-mail is 
garciam4@state.gov. 
CALLAHAN