VZCZCXRO8893
RR RUEHCHI RUEHDT RUEHHM RUEHNH RUEHTRO
DE RUEHGO #0747/01 2662349
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 222349Z SEP 08
FM AMEMBASSY RANGOON
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 8189
RUCNASE/ASEAN MEMBER COLLECTIVE
RUEHGG/UN SECURITY COUNCIL COLLECTIVE
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING 2045
RUEHBY/AMEMBASSY CANBERRA 1533
RUEHKA/AMEMBASSY DHAKA 4993
RUEHNE/AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI 5020
RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL 8615
RUEHKO/AMEMBASSY TOKYO 6184
RUEHCN/AMCONSUL CHENGDU 1586
RUEHCHI/AMCONSUL CHIANG MAI 1847
RUEHCI/AMCONSUL KOLKATA 0437
RUEATRS/DEPT OF TREASURY WASHDC
RHHMUNA/CDR USPACOM HONOLULU HI
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA 4040
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 2003
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
RUEHBS/USEU BRUSSELS
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHDC

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 RANGOON 000747 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR EAP/MLS, EEB/TPP/ABT/ATP - JANET SPECK 
USDA FOR OSEC AND APHIS 
USDA FOR FAS/DLP/HWETZEL AND FAS/ICD/LAIDIG 
BANGKOK FOR USDA/FAS, ECON OFFICE, USAID/OFDA 
DEPT PLEASE PASS TO USAID - CHERYL JENNINGS 
PACOM FOR FPA 
TREASURY FOR OASIA:SCHUN 
 
E.O. 12958:N/A 
TAGS: EAGR EAID ETRD ECON PGOV PREL BM
SUBJECT: BURMA: FARMERS PLANT RICE IN DELTA; YIELDS UNKNOWN 
 
REF: Rangoon 585 
 
RANGOON 00000747  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
¶1.  (SBU) Summary.  Cyclone Nargis, with its up to 12-foot high 
waves, not only destroyed much of the rice farmland in the Irrawaddy 
Delta, but also washed away seeds, draft animals, plows, and other 
farm implements.  Farmers in the Delta have received some assistance 
from the Burmese Government, UN agencies, and NGOs, primarily in the 
form of seeds, power tillers, and water buffalo, and during two 
recent trips to the region we observed farmers have planted the 
majority of available rice fields.  However, farmers reported 
problems with seed germination due to poor quality seeds and high 
soil salinity.  It is too soon to determine crop yields in the 
Delta, but farmers and World Food Programme (WFP) officials predict 
that yields could be as much as 40 percent lower than last year's. 
End Summary. 
 
¶2.  (U)  FAS Agricultural Specialist traveled to Kungyangon, Dedaye, 
Pyapone, and Bogalay Townships in the Irrawaddy Delta between August 
24-27.  She visited eight villages: Zayat Hla, Kama Ka Lu, Htaw 
Paing, Kyein Chaung, Kyun Thar Yar, and Set San in Bogalay, and 
Thameindaw and Kanseik in Pyapone.  Visiting USAID Food for Peace 
Officer Katey Shein traveled to Bogalay and Pyapone September 10-12. 
 She visited four villages: Kwin Thi Chaung and Ywar Thar Yar in 
Bogalay, and Zee Phyn Chaung and Hmaw Bi in Pyapone. 
 
Fields Planted, but Will Rice Grow? 
----------------------------------- 
 
¶3.  (SBU) Cyclone Nargis, which struck Burma May 2-3, 2008, 
destroyed much of the farmland in the Irrawaddy Delta, Burma's 
largest rice producing region.  According to the Food and 
Agricultural Organization (FAO), the storm flooded more than one 
million acres of rice farmland in seven townships in Irrawaddy 
Division, affecting more than one million farmers and day laborers 
(Ref B).  In addition to the loss of usable farmland, farmers also 
lost farm implements, including more than 250,000 water buffalo and 
draft cattle, 100,000 plows, and seed stocks.  In the July 10 UN 
Revised Flash Appeal, the FAO requested more than USD 40 million to 
rehabilitate affected rice farms.  The FAO and the Burmese Ministry 
of Agriculture recommended that farmers should plant the monsoon 
crop no later than August 1, leaving little time to rehabilitate 
farms and provide farmers with necessary tools. 
 
¶4.  (SBU) During our trips, we observed that farmers had made 
significant progress in planting, compared with our last trip in 
early July (Reftel).  Farmers in Pyapone and Bogalay had planted 
thousands of acres of rice paddy, although the paddies were in 
various stages of cultivation.  Not all fields were planted, 
however; several farmers in Pyapone told us that they did not plant 
deep water fields because their expected rice yields would not be 
enough to cover costs.  Of the fields we observed, some were green 
and lush, with spouting rice plants; others were bare.  Farmers in 
both townships told us that they had to broadcast seeds multiple 
times before the seeds would germinate; in some cases, the seeds had 
yet to sprout.  While farmers did not know the exact reason for 
their planting woes, World Food Programme (WFP) staff highlighted 
two main reasons for the lack of germination:  inappropriate seeds 
for the Delta and high soil salinity.  Some farmers were able to 
counter the high salinity problem by using fertilizer; other farmers 
in Bogalay and Pyapone told us they could not afford fertilizer 
because they had to buy additional seeds after their first plant was 
unsuccessful.  Additionally, we heard reports that some of the 
donated rice seeds were actually grain or cattle feed. 
 
 
RANGOON 00000747  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
¶5.  (SBU)  All of the farmers we spoke with reported receiving 
donations of seeds, plows, and draft animals from various entities, 
including the UN, the Burmese Government, and NGOs.  During previous 
trips to the Delta, farmers complained that donations were not 
enough (Reftel).  Nevertheless, farmers in Bogalay and Pyapone have 
made do with available materials.  Several farmers in Pyapone told 
us, however, that many day-laborers were unwilling to work because 
they were able to subsist on humanitarian donations.  Instead, 
farmers said they had to hire other workers, often out-of-work 
fishermen, to assist with the planting.  Some farmers worked with 
local businesses, such as Steven Law's Asia World, to plant rice 
seeds.  In these cases, Asia World, which plowed and cultivated the 
fields on behalf of the farmers, plans to deduct the production 
costs from eventual rice sales.  Several farmers we spoke to 
indicated their distrust of such operations, fearing that the 
companies would try to confiscate their land. 
 
Low Yields Expected, But No Agreement on How Much 
--------------------------------------------- ---- 
 
¶6.  (SBU)  Estimates on how much rice the Irrawaddy Delta will 
produce in 2008 vary widely among GOB officials, UN representatives, 
and farmers.  According to Myanmar Agricultural Service officials, 
the Ministry of Agriculture expects the Irrawaddy Delta to produce 
the same amount of rice as last year, roughly 66 baskets per acre. 
FAO Country Director Dr. Shin Imai told us he expects yields to be 
15 percent less than 2007 levels.  However, farmers and WFP 
officials working in the Delta agreed that crop yields could be up 
to 40-50 percent lower than expected, depending upon the region, the 
quality of seeds, and the level of salinity in the soil. 
Nevertheless, WFP and FAO officials anticipate that 2008 rice yields 
in the Irrawaddy Delta will be sufficient to meet local needs. 
 
¶7.  (SBU)  According to Dr. Imai, the FAO received tacit approval 
from the GOB to conduct a Crop Supply Food Assessment Mission 
throughout Burma, beginning in October.  Once completed, this 
assessment will provide a comprehensive picture of how much rice the 
different regions can produce, as well as the impediments to 
production. 
 
Comment 
------- 
 
¶8.  (SBU)  We were pleasantly surprised that farmers in Bogalay and 
Pyapone were able to plant the majority of their rice fields, since 
our last trip to the Delta painted a much bleaker picture of 
potential rice production in the Labutta area (Reftel). 
Nonetheless, just because the fields are planted does not mean that 
rice will grow.  Reports of seed germination deficiencies indicate 
that yields may be lower than last year's figures, although it is 
still too early to predict.  We will travel again to the Delta to 
monitor the rice crop in October/November, which should enable us to 
observe actual cultivation. 
 
DINGER