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Viewing cable 08ULAANBAATAR396, AVIAN INFLUENZA UPDATE FOLLOWING BIRD DEATHS IN MONGOLIA

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08ULAANBAATAR396 2008-08-20 08:48 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Ulaanbaatar
R 200848Z AUG 08
FM AMEMBASSY ULAANBAATAR
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 2432
DEPT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC
INFO CDC ATLANTA GA
AMEMBASSY BEIJING 
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW 
AMEMBASSY ROME 
AMEMBASSY ASTANA 
AMEMBASSY SEOUL 
AMEMBASSY TOKYO 
AMEMBASSY BANGKOK 
SECDEF WASHINGTON DC
DEPT OF HHS WASHINGTON DC
DEPT OF HOMELAND SECURITY WASHINGTON DC
DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC
DEPT OF TREASURY WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS ULAANBAATAR 000396 
 
 
USDA FOR FAS/DLP, FAS/ITP, FAS/ICD 
STATE FOR EAP/CM, OES/IHA, A/AIAG, AND CA/OCS 
STATE PLEASE PASS TO USAID, ATTN CDOWNEY, ANE/EA 
BANGKOK FOR USAID FOR RDM/A 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: TBIO CASC EAID PGOV SENV KFLU MG
SUBJECT: AVIAN INFLUENZA UPDATE FOLLOWING BIRD DEATHS IN MONGOLIA 
 
REF: 07 ULAANBAATAR 233 
 
 
1. (U) SUMMARY.  Tissue samples from dead wild birds in northern and 
western Mongolia have tested negative for the H5 strain of Avian 
Influenza (AI).  Initial testing following a suspicious bird die-off 
yielded a suspect sample, but further testing by the Mongolian State 
Central Veterinary Laboratory proved all samples negative for 
Influenza A and sub-types H5, H7, and H9.  The Wildlife Conservation 
Society is also sending a set of samples to the University of 
California-Davis for analysis in October, but since Mongolia is 
considered to have good capacity for testing samples for Type A, and 
H5, H7 and H9, there are no additional plans to forward the samples 
to a reference laboratory.  Post's AI Working Group determined that 
existing tripwires have not been met, but has taken initial steps to 
prepare for potential future outbreaks.  END SUMMARY. 
 
2. (U) All tissue samples from seven dead, wild birds found in the 
northern and western aimags of Hovsgol and Arhangai have tested 
negative for the H5 strain of Avian Influenza (AI), according to 
Mongolia's State Central Veterinary Laboratory (SCVL), the Wildlife 
Conservation Society (WCS), and the UN Food and Agricultural 
Organization. 
 
3. (U) WCS first reported a suspicious bird die-off to Post on 
August 8, citing four dead whooper swans and one black-headed gull 
found on the shore of Erhel Nuur (lake) in Hovsgol aimag.  WCS 
collected samples from the only two birds (a swan and the gull) 
which were in suitable condition for sampling.  A rapid test on the 
lung and pancreas of the swan suggested that the swan was infected 
with the Influenza A virus at the time of death.  This was not 
surprising to the professional field team, since at this time of 
year up to ten percent of birds have low pathogenic strains of the 
virus, but the site of the infection in the pancreas raised concerns 
that the strain could be the more highly pathogenic H5N1 strain. 
WCS submitted a sample set to the SCVL for analysis and in addition 
will send a set of samples to the University of California-Davis for 
analysis in October.  The SCVL has now completed all analyses and 
all samples were negative for Influenza A and H5, H7, and H9 
subtypes. 
 
4. (U) On August 11 Government staff reported six dead swans at Ugii 
Nuur in Arhangai aimag.  Samples from five birds were collected and 
sent to the SCVL.  A rapid test for one gave a suspect positive 
result.  The SCVL has now completed all analyses and all samples 
were negative for Influenza A and H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. 
Indications from the field, in fact, were that two of these birds 
had been shot. 
 
5. (U) SCVL has no current plans to forward the samples to a 
reference laboratory, since the results are negative for Type A and 
H5, H7, and H9 subtypes.  SCVL will continue to try to isolate the 
virus, but they do not expect them to be positive for H5.  Should 
any Type A virus be found, samples would then be sent for further 
testing at the regional reference laboratory in Hokkaido, Japan. 
The SCVL is considered to have good capacity for testing samples for 
Type A and H5, H7, and H9.  Mongolia does not currently have the 
capacity, however, for definitive and reliable testing for N1, the 
highly pathogenic form of the virus.  Rapid tests for N1, while a 
useful tool, have not been extensively tested in wild birds and in 
these cases appear to have returned false positive results. 
 
6. (U) Technical field crews from the government and WCS continue to 
look for incidences of suspicious bird mortality, especially among 
migratory water birds found around the many large lakes and wetlands 
in western and northern Mongolia.  To date, however, no exceptional 
and suspicious bird die-offs have been identified in any other 
field-surveyed locations. 
 
7. (U) In response to these reports, Post immediately convened its 
Avian Influenza Working Group to assess the situation and determine 
what course of action, if any, was called needed.  The Working Group 
determined that the Embassy's AI Tripwire 1 (see ref) had not been 
met, since there has so far been no evidence of bird-to-bird 
transmission of AI reaching "epidemic levels." 
 
8. (U) Post technical advisers will consider Post's AI Tripwire 1 
met if and when both a die off of dozens of birds occurs in a single 
location, and those birds test positive for the H5 strain of the 
virus. 
 
9. (U) The Working Group also identified follow-up actions for Post, 
including the advance preparation of a Warden Notice on AI that can 
be quickly readied for release if necessary and the identification 
of specific actions to be taken if bird-to-bird transmission of 
epidemic proportions occurs either in Mongolia, or in China, 
Kazakhstan, Russia, or South Korea. 
 
MINTON