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Viewing cable 08KOLKATA37, BIHAR SEES A SIGNIFICANT RISE IN POLIO CASES IN 2007

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08KOLKATA37 2008-01-30 07:27 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Consulate Kolkata
VZCZCXRO4628
RR RUEHBI RUEHCI
DE RUEHCI #0037 0300727
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 300727Z JAN 08
FM AMCONSUL KOLKATA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 1855
INFO RUEHNE/AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI 1739
RUEHBI/AMCONSUL MUMBAI 0799
RUEHCG/AMCONSUL CHENNAI 0794
RUEHKT/AMEMBASSY KATHMANDU 0526
RUEHKA/AMEMBASSY DHAKA 0529
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA 0080
RUEHPH/CDC ATLANTA GA
RUEAUSA/DEPT OF HHS WASHINGTON DC
RUEHCI/AMCONSUL KOLKATA 2268
UNCLAS KOLKATA 000037 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT PLS PASS TO USAID AND CDC 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: TBIO KHIV SENV PGOV IN
SUBJECT: BIHAR SEES A SIGNIFICANT RISE IN POLIO CASES IN 2007 
 
REF: 07 KOLKATA 223 
 
1. (U) Summary:  Compared to 2006, the state of Bihar saw a 
significant rise in polio cases in 2007 of nearly 43 percent. 
Because of the increase in the number of cases, UNICEF and the 
Bihar Public Health Department, following Indian Expert Advisory 
Group on Polio guidelines, have stepped-up their polio 
vaccinations and information campaign efforts.  On January 13, 
the government launched a special anti-polio drive in the 70 
village blocks that have reported the highest number of polio 
cases.  Bihar health department officials have told Post that 
they believe the spread of polio will be controlled in 2008, but 
the sharp rise in the number of cases from 2005-2007 indicates 
that further, sustained attention is needed to fully eradicate 
the polio virus in and around Bihar.  End Summary. 
 
2.  (U) In 2007, Bihar recorded 398 polio cases out of a total 
of 756 cases India-wide.  In 2006, Bihar reported 61 cases of 
polio out of a total of 676 in India, double the 2005 number. 
Bihar and Uttar Pradesh represent 95 percent of India's 756 
polio cases reported in 2007.  Bihar's total of 396 is a 
significant, approximately 43 percent increase from 2006 
figures.  Of the 398 cases in Bihar in 2007, 41 are of the 
P1-type virus and 357 are P3-type cases.  (Note: one child had 
both the viruses P1 as well as P3 and is listed as both P1 and 
P3. All 61 cases in Bihar in 2006 were P1.  End Note.) 
 
3.  (U) The Bihar government, along with UNICEF, has decided to 
conduct monthly polio vaccination rounds in 2008 (there were 11 
rounds in 2007).  On January 13 Bihar launched a special 
anti-polio drive in the 70 blocks in Bihar which reported the 
most polio cases.  In 2007, 90 percent of the P1 cases were 
found in these blocks.  Devastating floods from an unusually 
heavy monsoon season in 2007 displaced hundreds of thousands of 
people across the state and the region.  Bihar health officials 
pointed to stagnant pools left behind by floodwaters and 
contaminated wells as breeding grounds for disease and felt that 
the flooding was a significant contributor to the 2007 rise in 
polio cases.  Another concern for Bihar is the state boundary 
with Uttar Pradesh and the frequent inter-state movement among 
populations in the border districts which helps spread the 
virus. (Note: On January 30, Kolkata newspapers wrote that a 
Bihari boy who had recently migrated to W. Bengal tested 
positive for the P3 strain of the polio virus.  End note.). 
 
3.  (U) UNICEF representatives told Post that the rise in new 
polio cases were a stumbling block in their polio eradication 
efforts.  Most of the polio cases were detected in the districts 
of Araria, Bhagalpur, Purnea, Siwan, East Champaran, Madhepura 
and Sitamarhi (north of the Ganges river and the capital, 
Patna).  UNICEF has increased its awareness campaigns about 
polio and is holding a number of seminars and workshops in 
January.  They are also working with Bihar health officials to 
provide more vaccinators at the village-level.  On January 6, 
National Cadet Corps volunteers embarked on a week-long bicycle 
expedition covering 600 kilometers covering ten districts, 
including Vaishali, Nawada, Gaya and Nalanda.  Over 20 million 
children under five years were scheduled to receive oral polio 
vaccines. 
 
4.  (U) Comment:  Although polio eradication efforts continue 
with some success in India, an impoverished, flood-prone state 
like Bihar still faces difficulty in controlling the spread of 
virus.  Natural disasters like the 2007 flooding are common and 
can undermine the achievements of prior years.  With a 
population of 80 million, the high rate of migration of Biharis 
to and from Uttar Pradesh and other parts of India also makes 
vaccination programs more difficult to implement.  While UNICEF 
and the Bihar government have made inroads and have shown great 
commitment, the sharp rise in the number of cases from 2005-2007 
indicates that further, sustained attention is needed to fully 
eradicate the polio virus in and around Bihar. 
 
JARDINE