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RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 6399

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 11 TOKYO 004799 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR E, P, EB, EAP/J, EAP/P, EAP/PD, PA; 
WHITE HOUSE/NSC/NEC; JUSTICE FOR STU CHEMTOB IN ANTI-TRUST DIVISION; 
TREASURY/OASIA/IMI/JAPAN; DEPT PASS USTR/PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFICE; 
SECDEF FOR JCS-J-5/JAPAN, 
DASD/ISA/EAPR/JAPAN; DEPT PASS ELECTRONICALLY TO USDA 
FAS/ITP FOR SCHROETER; PACOM HONOLULU FOR PUBLIC DIPLOMACY ADVISOR; 
CINCPAC FLT/PA/ COMNAVFORJAPAN/PA. 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: OIIP KMDR KPAO PGOV PINR ECON ELAB JA
 
SUBJECT:  DAILY SUMMARY OF JAPANESE PRESS 10/12/07 
 
Index: 
 
(1) Diet interpellations (Tokyo Shimbun) 
 
(2) LDP to decide whether to enact new antiterrorism legislation 
during current session or to carry it over to next session, while 
closely watching public opinion (Yomiuri) 
 
(3) DPJ President Ozawa to visit China in December (Yomiuri) 
 
(4) New Komeito in quandary over whether to accept LDP bill amending 
revised Political Funds Control Law (Tokyo Shimbun) 
 
(5) A tug-of-war took place between central and Aomori governments 
over use of Aomori Airport by US military (Asahi) 
 
(6) Pakistan expects MSDF to continue refueling operations (Nikkei) 
 
 
(7) How about food safety? BSE (Part 5): Japan-US negotiations on 
import expansion now in home stretch (Asahi) 
 
(8) Kyoto Protocol: Thirteen industries to further cut CO2 emissions 
to achieve goal; Challenge is reduction by household sector and 
operations sectors (Yomiuri) 
 
ARTICLES: 
 
(1) Diet interpellations 
 
TOKYO (Page 7) (Abridged) 
October 6, 2007 
 
The following is a gist of questions and answers in the House of 
Councillors during its plenary sitting yesterday. 
 
Kazuyoshi Shirahama (New Komeito) 
 
MSDF refueling: To continue the Maritime Self-Defense Force's 
activities in the Indian Ocean is a message to the international 
community, meaning that we will never accept terrorism. 
 
Myanmar (Burma): A Japanese reporter was killed in the military 
crackdown on antigovernment demonstrators. What's the government's 
response to Japan's aid to that country, such as nonreimbursable 
financial cooperation and technical cooperation? 
 
Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda 
 
MSDF refueling: The MSDF's refueling activities in the Indian Ocean 
are highly appreciated in the international community. The MSDF's 
refueling mission there is also in Japan's national interests. Japan 
needs to continue the MSDF's refueling mission there in order for 
Japan to continue fulfilling its international responsibility in the 
war on terror. The government is now studying a legislative measure 
that is needed to continue the MSDF's refueling activities. The 
government will immediately present the opposition parties with the 
bare bones of a new legislation, and then we would like to start 
discussions. 
 
Myanmar: Japan's economic cooperation has been limited to 
humanitarian projects that will directly benefit the people of 
 
TOKYO 00004799  002 OF 011 
 
 
Myanmar. However, in view of the present-day situation in Myanmar, 
the government is also looking into the possibility of narrowing 
Japan's economic cooperation further. 
 
Kazuyasu Shiina (Liberal Democratic Party-Independent Club) 
 
MSDF refueling: Was the MSDF's fuel used for any other purposes? 
 
Discontinuing MSDF refueling and its impact: What's your view of the 
impact of discontinuing the MSDF's refueling activities? 
 
Support for the war on terror: Democratic Party of Japan (Minshuto) 
President Ichiro Ozawa says it's tantamount to collective 
self-defense and unconstitutional. 
 
Prime Minister Fukuda 
 
MSDF refueling: The MSDF has been refueling foreign naval vessels. 
These days, about 50 PERCENT  was for those from France, about 30 
PERCENT  for the United States, and about 13 PERCENT  for Pakistan, 
the only Islamic country among the participating countries. The 
MSDF's refueling activities in the Indian Ocean are highly 
appreciated in the international community, including the United 
Nations. I will do my best so that they (DPJ) will understand the 
necessity of continuing the MSDF's refueling activities there. It's 
my understanding that the MSDF's fuel has been used appropriately in 
conformity with the Antiterrorism Special Measures Law's purport. 
However, the Defense Ministry is now reconfirming this. 
 
Defense Minister Shigeru Ishiba 
 
Discontinuing MSDF refueling and its impact: If Japan ends the 
MSDF's refueling activities, they will have to be berthed for 
refueling at the risk of coming under terrorist attacks. 
 
Cabinet Legislation Bureau Director General Reiichi Miyazaki 
 
Support for the war on terror: The MSDF's underway replenishment 
there in the Indian Ocean does not fall under the category of using 
armed force. It's stipulated (in the Antiterrorism Special Measures 
Law) so that the MSDF will not be involved in foreign countries' use 
of armed force. Including the issue of (Japan's prohibition against) 
collective self-defense, it's not against the Constitution's Article 
¶9. 
 
(2) LDP to decide whether to enact new antiterrorism legislation 
during current session or to carry it over to next session, while 
closely watching public opinion 
 
YOMIURI (Page 4) (Full) 
October 12, 2007 
 
The government of Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda will approve in a 
cabinet meeting on Oct. 17 a new antiterrorism bill to allow the 
Maritime Self-Defense Force (MSDF) to continue its refueling mission 
in the Indian Ocean and send it to the House of Representatives the 
same day. However, enacting new refueling legislation during the 
ongoing Diet session will be difficult, as the Democratic Party of 
Japan (DPJ or Minshuto), which is the largest party in the House of 
Councillors, intends to oppose the legislation. The ruling parties 
are now considering whether they should pass the bill during the 
current session or carry it over to a regular session next year. 
 
TOKYO 00004799  003 OF 011 
 
 
 
Taking vote twice in Lower House 
 
Prime Minister Fukuda told reporters last evening in a strong tone: 
"I want to continue the (refueling) operation. We will then fight 
against terrorism along with the international community." 
 
Fukuda hopes to explain the purpose of the new legislation at a 
Lower House plenary session on the 19th, aiming at enacting it in 
early November. The present Antiterrorism Special Measures Law 
expires on Nov. 1. If the new antiterrorism law fails to pass the 
Diet, the MSDF will have to discontinue its mission. In order to 
resume the operation as early as possible, it is indispensable to 
enact the legislation during the current session. In an attempt to 
get it through the Diet, the term of the current session will have 
to be extended until Nov. 10. 
 
The term of an extraordinary session is allowed to be extended 
twice. So, in order to avoid adverse effects on the compilation of a 
budget for fiscal 2008, the current session would be extended for 
about one month until early- or mid-December. When the Upper House 
votes down the legislation, the Lower House can take a second vote. 
In that case, the session would be extended until January. Since the 
Constitution stipulates that if the Upper House fails to take a vote 
on a bill within 60 days after the Lower House has passed it, it is 
considered that the Upper House voted down the bill, and the Lower 
House can take a vote again. A senior LDP member said: "If 60 
PERCENT -70 PERCENT  of the public support the refueling mission in 
polls, a second vote should be taken in the Lower House." 
 
Passing the bill through the Lower House alone 
 
If the DPJ submits to the Upper House a censure motion against the 
prime minister in reaction to the ruling coalition's taking a second 
vote in the Lower House, and the motion is adopted, the prime 
minister may have to dissolve the Lower House. One member in the 
ruling coalition pointed out: 
 
"One of the reasons for the relatively high support rate for the 
Fukuda cabinet is that it doesn't act recklessly. In that sense, 
taking a second vote might damage the image of the Fukuda 
government. This might lead to a defeat in the next Lower House 
election." 
 
It is possible that the government might aim to enact the 
legislation in the next regular session after passing it through the 
Lower House during the ongoing session, in order to avoid dissolving 
the Lower House, while showing its efforts for continuing the MSDF 
refueling operation. 
 
Should the legislation be scrapped due to a lack of time for 
deliberations in the Upper House, the ruling camp will submit it 
again to a regular session. If the DPJ decides in the Upper House to 
continue deliberations on it, the legislation will remain in the 
Upper House, in which the DPJ holds the leadership. As a result, the 
bill could remain limbo. If the bill is carried over to the next 
session, the possibility of the bill passing through the Diet will 
disappear. 
 
Carrying over to next Diet session 
 
There is another option that the ruling coalition will decide to 
 
TOKYO 00004799  004 OF 011 
 
 
continue deliberations on the legislation in the Lower House without 
sending it to the Upper House. In this case, it is possible to end 
the current session on Nov. 10, not extending the session. However, 
the dominant view in the ruling camp is that it will be difficult to 
obtain the understanding of the international community if the 
government gives up continuing the refueling operation without 
passing the new legislation through the Lower House. 
 
Some in the ruling camp are concerned that they might be criticized 
by the public if the session is not extended because the extra Diet 
session went into recess for about three weeks due to the LDP 
presidential election. 
 
The ruling coalition will determine the best option while keeping 
close watch on the public support for the MSDF refueling mission. 
 
(3) DPJ President Ozawa to visit China in December 
 
YOMIURI (Page 4) (Full) 
October 12, 2007 
 
It has been decided that Ichiro Ozawa, president of the leading 
opposition Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ or Minshuto), will visit 
China on Dec. 6-8. Ozawa conveyed his plan yesterday to Chinese 
Ambassador to Japan Cui Tiankai. 
 
(4) New Komeito in quandary over whether to accept LDP bill amending 
revised Political Funds Control Law 
 
TOKYO SHIMBUN (Page 2) (Full) 
October 12, 2007 
 
The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the Democratic Party of Japan 
(DPJ), and the New Komeito have presented their respective draft 
amendments to the revised Political Funds Control Law. Although the 
LDP and the New Komeito are groping for ways to submit a joint 
proposal, the gulf remains wide in both sides' views on the scope of 
receipts subject to disclosure. The New Komeito is now under 
increased pressure to determine whether it should reject the LDP 
draft or make a concession. 
 
Just after the Fukuda administration was inaugurated, the LDP and 
the New Komeito agreed to aim at submitting to the current Diet 
session a bill amending the revised law that would require political 
groups to attach receipts for expenditures of more than one yen 
(excluding personnel costs). 
 
The DPJ proposes in its draft bill requiring political groups to 
attach receipts for more than one yen and also disclosing their 
contents. The main opposition party intends to submit the bill to 
the current Diet session. The New Komeito, too, has insisted on the 
need for disclosing the contents of receipts. 
 
In contrast, the LDP is negative about disclosing receipts, citing 
the reason that "the disclosure requirement might obstruct our free 
political activities." In a meeting with the New Komeito on Oct. 10, 
the LDP presented a package of concessions to: (1) disclose all 
receipts for payments from political subsidies; (2) specify the 
scope of disclosure of payments from donations from individuals, 
companies, and groups in government ordinances, reflecting the 
results of consultations between the ruling and opposition parties, 
instead of specifying it in the bill; and (3) guarantee the 
 
TOKYO 00004799  005 OF 011 
 
 
transparency of payments by having a third-party organ check 
submitted receipts. 
 
In executive talks of the LDP Reform Implementation Headquarters 
yesterday, it was confirmed that the party would not include the 
measure of full disclosure in its bill. A senior member of the 
headquarters told reporters yesterday: "There are an estimated over 
one million receipts for expenditures of more than one yen. It will 
be very heavy clerical work to submit all the receipts." 
 
The New Komeito intends to compile a report of replies to the LDP 
today. Many party members are critical of the LDP draft, one 
claiming: "The standard for items subject to the disclosure 
requirement is tolerant." Another criticized: "It will provide 
loopholes." But there are members who suggest that the party should 
find a means of surviving by accepting the LDP draft. There are also 
some who insist that the LDP and the New Komeito, without producing 
a joint plan, should present their respective bills. 
 
LDP Secretary General Bunmei Ibuki met with New Komeito Vice 
President Junji Higashi yesterday and made this request: "(The LDP 
draft) would call for full disclosure if the talks between the 
ruling and opposition parties reach a settlement. Since the New 
Komeito succeeded in convincing the LDP in a sense, I would like you 
to make efforts to form a consensus in your party." 
 
If the New Komeito accepts the LDP draft, the party will unavoidably 
come under fire from the DPJ assailing: "The New Komeito has 
retreated." Even so, it has no good ideas for persuading the LDP 
over a short period of time. Senior New Komeito members are now in a 
great quandary. 
 
(5) A tug-of-war took place between central and Aomori governments 
over use of Aomori Airport by US military 
 
ASAHI (Page 34) (Abridged slightly) 
October 12, 2007 
 
Manabu Aoike 
 
"You must let the US military use the airport." "That is not 
possible. In this day and age, we must respect public opinion." 
Following the Aomori prefectural government's rejection of a request 
for the use of Aomori Airport by the US military in April 2006, a 
fierce tug-of-war took place between the Foreign Ministry, which 
tried to pressure the prefectural government into reversing its 
rejection out of consideration for Japan-US relations, and the 
prefectural government, which tried to uphold its rejection, 
according to an internal document by prefectural authorities. 
 
The document compiled by prefectural authorities testifies to what 
took place between the prefectural government and the central 
government and the US military over the US military's request. 
 
According to the document, the prefectural government seaport and 
airport division received a telephone call from the US forces 
shortly before 10:00 a.m., April 19, 2006. 
 
On the phone, a US military officer said: "We would like to use a 
small jet from Aomori Airport to Camp Zama to transport US Army 
Japan Commander Maj. Gen. Elbert Perkins and US Embassy Tokyo 
Political Minister-Counselor Michael Meserve after paying a courtesy 
 
TOKYO 00004799  006 OF 011 
 
 
call on the Aomori governor." 
 
In principle, the prefecture allows US military aircraft to use 
Aomori Airport only in emergencies or when there is a need for it 
from a humanitarian perspective. Gov. Shingo Mimura decided to 
reject the request based on this principle, and his decision was 
conveyed to the US forces. 
 
In 1982, before the opening of the Aomori Airport now in use, the 
prefectural government received a local request not to use the 
airport militarily. The prefectural government declined the US 
request by citing the principle in deference to the sentiments of 
residents of Aomori, home of the US Air Force's Misawa Air Base. 
 
The rejection drew a strong reaction from the Foreign Ministry. The 
prefectural government received a call from the Foreign Ministry at 
6:00 p.m., April 19. 
 
A Foreign Ministry official said: "Please let the US military use 
the airport. If you are to reject the request, what are your grounds 
in terms of the Aviation Law or a prefectural ordinance? The US 
military is entitled to use the airport under the Japan-US Status of 
Forces Agreement (SOFA)." 
 
There is a prefectural ordinance requiring the US military to file a 
request with the governor in advance for use of the airport by US 
military aircraft. "There were no legal grounds for the prefectural 
government to turn down the request," a prefectural source said. 
 
Still, the seaport and airport division director declined the 
request on the phone, saying: "We have to turn down the request 
because it is neither an emergency nor requiring humanitarian 
consideration." 
 
At 6:40 p.m., the prefectural government received another call, this 
time from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport 
(MLIT). 
 
A MLIT Civil Aviation Bureau official said: "We are aware that you 
must give thought to the environment, noise, local sentiments, and 
other matters. But we still want you to give consideration to the 
request." 
 
A prefectural officer replied: "We cannot change our decision." 
 
A prefectural official placed a call to the Foreign Ministry at 7:30 
p.m. 
 
A Foreign Ministry official said: "We have learned of the 
prefectural government's view from the Civil Aviation Bureau. Please 
reconsider the request." 
 
A seaports and airports division official: "We are in an age of 
respecting local views and thinking. There will be no change in our 
thinking." 
 
The prefectural government continued to clash with the Foreign 
Ministry on April 20. A Foreign Ministry SOFA Division official said 
at 10:15 a.m.: "Please permit the US military to use Aomori Airport. 
The request was filed by the US Embassy. Under the SOFA, the US 
military has the right to use the airport. (Rejecting the use of the 
airport by the US military) is a violation of the agreement. The 
 
TOKYO 00004799  007 OF 011 
 
 
matter concerns Japan-US relations. Please raise it to the attention 
of the governor and let us know his reaction." 
 
The prefectural land development department director said: "I will 
talk to the governor." 
 
Learning of the Foreign Ministry's view, Governor Mimura said to a 
senior prefectural official in a strong tone: "Even if they come 
here to pay a courtesy call, I will not meet them." 
 
At 11:45 a.m., the prefectural government delivered the ultimatum 
over the phone, with the prefectural land improvement department 
director saying: "I have talked to the governor, but he hasn't 
changed his mind, so the answer is 'no.'" 
 
A Foreign Ministry official finally said: "I see." 
 
With this, the series of intense telephone conversations between the 
central government and Aomori prefectural government came to an 
abrupt end at 2:05 p.m. Later on, the seaports and airports division 
received a call from another division in contact with the US 
military, which said: "The request for the use of the airport by US 
military aircraft has been cancelled." The courtesy call never took 
place. 
 
Request for use of Aomori Airport by the US military 
 
The request was made in April 2006 for the planned courtesy call on 
Governor Mimura by the US Army Japan commander and others in 
connection with the deployment of the X-band radar in Tsugaru City, 
Aomori Prefecture. 
 
The request seemingly came from the judgment that it would be much 
faster to use Aomori Airport than moving from the prefectural 
government office to Misawa Air Base in eastern Aomori. Article 5 of 
the SOFA stipulates that US aircraft are allowed to move between US 
military facilities and airports in Japan. 
 
(6) Pakistan expects MSDF to continue refueling operations 
 
NIKKEI (Page 2) (Slightly abridged) 
Eve., October 12, 2007 
 
Tsuyoshi Sunohara 
 
SIPDIS 
 
Former Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage and other 
pro-Japan Americans are calling for Japan to continue its Maritime 
Self-Defense Force's (MSDF) refueling operations in the Indian 
Ocean. They want Japan to firmly uphold the Japan-US alliance, which 
has entered a new age, and they do not want to see Japan return to 
its past practice of checkbook diplomacy. 
 
"We are sorry we can't accept this fuel oil." When an MSDF officer 
was told this by a Pakistani naval officer in the Indian Ocean near 
Pakistan in late July 2004, the MSDF officer could not believe his 
ears. As the reason for refusing to accept the oil, the Pakistani 
officer cited the "quality" of oil the MSDF's supply ship was going 
to provide. 
 
When one country's warship refuels another country's warship, the 
common refueling method is that after receiving fuel from the 
tanker, this country's warship puts the fuel in its supply tank and 
 
TOKYO 00004799  008 OF 011 
 
 
then supplies the fuel to the tank of another country's ship. But 
under this method, the impurities in the oil, such as sand and rust, 
are also transferred to the other country's ship. So, the ship that 
received the fuel must be equipped with a fuel purifier. If fuel of 
low purity is used, the gas turbine engine, which is so delicate 
that it also can be used for an aircraft, could be damaged. 
 
Most of the ships in the Pakistani Navy are so obsolete that their 
purifiers no longer function properly. But the engine, which is the 
heart of a ship, needs to be used long, so Pakistan cannot accept 
fuel of low quality, such as the variety being supplied directly 
from tankers. That was the reason the Pakistani Navy initially 
declined receiving fuel from Japan. 
 
Japan, immediately after understanding the situation the Pakistani 
Navy ships were placed in, ordered every supply ship like the Towada 
to "take the extra time to filter fuel inside the ship" after 
receiving it from tankers or other ships, and they then pumped in 
the filtered fuel to the Pakistani vessel, an MSDF official said. 
The fuel Japan provided to Pakistan no longer is a problem, of 
course. 
 
Japan since then has purified the fuel given by the tanker in three 
stages: (1) in the supply tank; (2) by means of a purifier; and (3) 
in a special tank for purified fuel. The United States and Britain 
have lauded Japan for this process to improve the fuel to the 
quality sought by Pakistan, describing that it is "consideration 
worthy of Japan." Since then Japan has refueled Pakistani naval 
ships a total of 141 times, second only to the 351 times that 
warships of the US forces have been serviced. 
 
The US and Britain can provide the same fuel (No. 2 diesel oil) as 
Japan does. But in the case of US warships, their fuel tanks also 
function as ballasts, a device to adjust buoyancy. In their fuel 
tanks, "fuel and sea water are mixed and they are again separated 
off when fuel is needed," a source familiar with Japan-US defense 
explained, adding, "It is difficult for them to purify fuel in a 
minute way like Japan can." 
 
Former US Joint Staff Chairman Pace and other officers have 
frequently remarked "Pakistan needs to be supplied Japan's quality 
oil." Behind this praise is the MSDF's steady effort as mentioned 
above by devoting itself heart and soul to quality control, which is 
Japan's forte. 
 
There is a rumor, however, that the Pakistani Navy has illegally put 
the quality fuel provided by the MSDF on the black market. A ranking 
official in charge of the Afghanistan issue at the US Department of 
Defense asked Pakistani military authorities about this suspicion 
and received this answer: "Such a thing is absolutely impossible." 
 
(7) How about food safety? BSE (Part 5): Japan-US negotiations on 
import expansion now in home stretch 
 
ASAHI (Page 3) (Full) 
October 12, 2007 
 
Japan has set a requirement to allow the US to export only beef from 
cattle 20 months or younger as a safeguard measure to prevent BSE. 
Negotiations between Japan and the United States on whether Japan 
should increase imports by easing the condition are now in the home 
stretch. 
 
TOKYO 00004799  009 OF 011 
 
 
 
The World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), which determines 
safety regulations for livestock, classified the US this May as a 
country with a "controlled BSE risk" and allowed it to export beef 
with no other conditions attached than removing specified risk 
materials (SRM) and having no vertebral material. On the strength of 
this OIE authorization, the US is pressing Japan to abolish its 
age-limit requirement. 
 
In Japan, the Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Ministry (MAFF) 
and the Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry are now engaged in work 
to reduce the risk of BSE infection, such as measures to prevent 
meat-and-bone meal from being mixed in feed for cows. Japan hopes to 
reach an agreement on a measure to raise the age limit to 30 
months. 
 
The US, however, insists that the age-limit requirement should be 
completely abolished. A MAFF official commented: "If (the US) agrees 
to Japan's terms, there will inevitably be some effect on 
negotiations with South Korea, Hong Kong, and other trade 
partners." 
 
Once an agreement is reached in the negotiations, the Cabinet 
Office's Food Safety Commission will start the assessment of BSE 
risk to humans. However, when the panel approved Japan's resumption 
of US beef imports two years ago, it came up with no other judgment 
than just confirming that the agreed-upon export procedures should 
be observed. Some committee members complained that the panel had 
discussed the issue based on the assumption of an import 
resumption. 
 
In actuality, beef with backbones was found in a veal shipment from 
the US just after Japan resumed imports. Following this incident, 
the government came under heavy fire, with some claiming that the 
government neglected the necessary prior inspection of 
slaughterhouses in the US out of consideration to the US, which was 
urging Japan to import US beef. 
 
Will the government be able to avoid a repeated mistake and protect 
food safety? The government will soon have to undergo a pressing 
additional test. 
 
(8) Kyoto Protocol: Thirteen industries to further cut CO2 emissions 
to achieve goal; Challenge is reduction by household sector and 
operations sectors 
 
YOMIURI (Page 11) (Slightly abridged) 
October 12, 2007 
 
In cooperation with government efforts to achieve the greenhouse gas 
reduction goal set under the Kyoto Protocol, 15 industries yesterday 
reported at a meeting of a joint council of the Environment Ministry 
and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) on their 
plans to review their action programs, which they have voluntarily 
adopted. According to their reports, the 13 industries, including 
the chemical, paper-manufacturing and cement industries, have raised 
their numerical targets. The electric power industry, which finds it 
difficult to achieve its target, has also formally reported on its 
plan to increase purchases of carbon emissions rights from abroad. 
All industries will come up with additional measures by the end of 
October. However, the prevailing view is that efforts by the 
manufacturing sector have reached a limit. The future challenge will 
 
TOKYO 00004799  010 OF 011 
 
 
be reduction efforts by households and offices. 
 
Falling short of 2.7 PERCENT 
 
Representatives of the 13 industries reported their plans to raise 
their reduction targets at the joint panel meeting on October 11. 
The cumulative amounts of their increased reduction targets raised 
totaled approximately 13 million tons in terms of CO2.  Industrial 
circles have voluntarily set an action program to realize a 6 
PERCENT  cut in greenhouse gas emissions on average over five years 
between fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2012, compared with the 1990 level. 
 
However, according to a government estimate, even if their plan is 
attained, carbon emissions in fiscal 2010 would increase by 0.9 
PERCENT -2.1 PERCENT , compared with the 1990 level. It means that 
it would be necessary to cut emissions by up to 8.1 PERCENT  in 
order to achieve the goal set under the Protocol. 
 
The government plans to make up for 1.6 PERCENT  out of the 8.1 
PERCENT  shortfall by obtaining emissions credits from other 
countries. Another plan is to cover another 3.8 PERCENT  by boosting 
reforestation efforts. Even so, there are no prospects for achieving 
the remaining 2.7 PERCENT  cut or 34 million tons at the most. It 
has, therefore, sought additional cuts from industry circles. 
 
Reductions of 13 million tons, additional cuts reported on the 11, 
are equivalent to 40 PERCENT  of the 2.7 PERCENT , which still 
remains to be addressed. Industry sectors plan to further reduce 
greenhouse gas emissions through the introduction of new 
energy-conserving equipment and the use of wind-power generation. 
 
Other industries, such as auto and home electronics industries and 
department stores, also intend to reveal their plans to revise 
carbon emissions plans. About 100 business types are in the end 
expected to come up with measures to cut carbon emissions. 
 
Vice METI Minister Takao Kitabata welcomed the move, noting, "It is 
desirable that the industrial sector has come up with additional 
cuts." 
 
Among industries that find it difficult to achieve the targets is 
the Federation of Electric Power Companies. It, however, revealed a 
plan to increase the purchases of greenhouse gas emissions rights 
from 30 million tons to 120 million tons. The Japan Iron and Steel 
Federation also presented a plan to boost the purchases of carbon 
emissions rights from 28 million tons to 44 million tons. 
 
The point has been made that efforts by industrial sector have 
reached a limit 
 
However, the manufacturing sector has cut emissions by 5.5 PERCENT 
in terms of its track record, compared with the 1990 level. One 
panel member during a meeting on the 11th pointed out that efforts 
by the industrial sector have reached a limit, saying, "Japan's 
energy-conserving level is high from a global perspective." Another 
member voiced skepticism about the feasibility of the electric power 
industry achieving its additional target. 
 
Due to the dissemination of electronic office equipment and 
computers, carbon emissions in the operation sector jumped 44.6 
PERCENT  in fiscal 2005, compared with the 1990 level.  Emissions 
from the household sector also jumped 36.7 PERCENT  due to the 
 
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dissemination of large-size home electronics. 
 
For this reason, the government will mandate in a bill amending the 
Energy-Conserving Bill to be submitted to the regular Diet session 
next year that small stores, such as convenience stores, submit an 
energy-conserving plan. 
 
As a master card for cutting emissions, the Environment Ministry is 
considering introducing an environment tax, which is to be imposed 
in proportion to the amounts of emissions trading by companies and 
greenhouse gases they emitted. However, business circles are opposed 
to the idea, citing that such a tax would deprive them of freedom of 
economic activities. Revisions of measures to cut carbon emissions 
by industry sectors aimed at achieving a goal to cut greenhouse gas 
emissions are now in the final stage. 
 
DONOVAN