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Viewing cable 07TALLINN456, ESTONIA: TIP ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSES ESTONIANS

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07TALLINN456 2007-07-12 12:34 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Tallinn
VZCZCXRO0575
RR RUEHAG RUEHAST RUEHDA RUEHDBU RUEHDF RUEHFL RUEHIK RUEHKW RUEHLA
RUEHLN RUEHLZ RUEHPOD RUEHROV RUEHSR RUEHVK RUEHYG
DE RUEHTL #0456/01 1931234
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 121234Z JUL 07
FM AMEMBASSY TALLINN
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 9992
INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 TALLINN 000456 
 
SIPDIS 
 
FOR EUR/NB (CAROLINE ULCZYCKI) AND G/TIP (MEGAN HALL) 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958:  N/A 
TAGS: PGOV PHUM EN
SUBJECT: ESTONIA: TIP ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSES ESTONIANS 
WORKING ABROAD 
 
REF: TALLINN 132 
 
1. (SBU) Summary.  On June 29, post organized and hosted 
a roundtable discussion on trafficking-in-persons (TIP) 
and TIP-related crimes for ten representatives of 
Estonian NGOs, labor organizations, student groups, 
Ministry of Justice (MOJ) officials, and representatives 
of diplomatic missions.  The discussion focused on TIP 
problems associated with Estonian labor migration.   The 
roundtable successfully introduced local TIP NGOs to 
labor and student organizations, thereby broadening the 
network of anti-TIP efforts.  Additionally, an idea 
proposed by post to develop a recognizable label for 
legitimate employment agencies was eagerly received by 
the roundtable participants.  A Russian-language weekly 
paper published an article on the roundtable.  End 
summary. 
 
Post Hosts Roundtable 
--------------------- 
 
2. (U) On June 29, Post organized a roundtable 
discussion at the Embassy between local anti-TIP NGOs, 
labor organizations, diplomatic missions, and the MOJ. 
Roundtable participants included representatives from 
the MOJ; the Central Organization of Finnish Trade 
Unions (SAK); ATOLL Center, an NGO for women in 
prostitution; Living for Tomorrow (LFT), an anti-TIP 
NGO; Estonian Women Shelters Union (ENUT); the Danish 
Embassy; the National Resource Center for Guidance 
(NRCG), a national information center for Estonian 
students; and the Estonian office of the European Job 
Mobility Portal (EURES).  The discussion focused on the 
potential TIP-related dangers facing Estonians seeking 
employment abroad.  On July 11, MK Estonii, one of 
Estonia's largest circulating Russian-language weeklies, 
published an article on the roundtable including a 
summary of the main points from the discussion. 
 
Caveat Emptor: Seeking Employment Abroad 
---------------------------------------- 
 
3. (SBU) Although Estonia has experienced rapid economic 
growth and wages have risen quickly in recent years, 
salary levels are still significantly below those in 
many other EU countries.  Wage disparities have 
encouraged an outflow of Estonian laborers.  In a 2006 
report, the Bank of Estonia estimated that roughly 10% 
of Estonia's labor force has gone abroad for employment. 
A number of unscrupulous employment agencies operating 
in Estonia have taken advantage of this demand for 
foreign employment with unfortunate consequences for 
their Estonian "customers."  Although these agencies 
have not been directly linked to TIP activities, 
according to Eve Kyntaja, SAK Project Manager, some 
Estonians using employment agency services have become 
victims of labor fraud and other crimes (e.g., being 
paid Estonian wages while in Finland, unsafe working 
conditions, long hours not allowed by Finnish labor law, 
no pensions, no holidays, etc.).  Kullike Arend, EURES 
Director, said that under Estonian law, employment 
agencies are not allowed to take commissions, and are 
required to be run like a non-profit organization. 
However, in reality, Arend said that some agencies 
unofficially require service fees, specifically preying 
on people who are ignorant of Estonian labor law and 
aren't aware that these services are supposed to be 
free.  "In the communist days, bribes for services were 
common," Arend explained, "so older people, especially 
Russian-speakers, are especially vulnerable as they 
don't realize these agencies are breaking the law." 
 
4. (SBU) Although the GOE is aware of the illegal 
activities of some employment agencies, it has had 
difficulty shutting them down.  Brit Tomingas, the MOJ's 
TIP Coordinator, noted that victims are reluctant to 
come forward to press charges.  In 2006, the MOJ 
collected 10 complaints about employment agencies 
activities.  However, most of the victims were reluctant 
to press charges and/or act as witnesses for fear of 
reprisal.  Additionally, according to Jevgenia Zurba, 
LFT TIP officer, most of the victims of these agencies 
are from the Russian-speaking minority where there still 
exists a strong cultural aversion to seeking help from 
GOE agencies, especially the police.  "In the Russian 
community," Zurba explained, "there is still strong 
Soviet mentality of not trusting the police." 
 
Tackling the Problem 
-------------------- 
 
TALLINN 00000456  002 OF 002 
 
 
 
5. (SBU) While the NGOs agreed that the police and 
prosecutors need to do more to punish these agencies, 
Roman Krolov, ATOLL Center Representative, argued that 
Estonian NGOs and civil society also need to be more 
active -- particularly in disseminating information to 
people seeking employment services.  Krolov cited two 
problems in information dissemination.  First, Estonian 
TIP-NGOs and other groups are a relatively insular group 
and not inclined toward information sharing outside 
their circle.  As an example, he said that he wasn't 
aware that EURES, SAK, and NRCG provided services for 
Estonians interested in working abroad until the 
roundtable.  He cited a number of occasions when he 
would have referred individuals to these groups if he 
had known about their work.  Second, NGOs don't target 
their public awareness campaigns properly.  "Many of the 
victims," Krolov explained, "are older people from the 
Russian community" who are less inclined to use the 
internet.  They are very unlikely to see ATOLL and other 
NGO's websites which warn about these agencies.  Margit 
Rammo, an NRCG Representative, affirmed Krolov's point 
by saying that the NRCG's work with high school and 
university students has shown that national public 
awareness campaigns are not effective with students. 
Campaigns need to specifically target young people and 
other specific groups to be effective.  Otherwise, she 
opined, the reaction among students, for example, would 
be "not another trafficking lecture."  To emphasize her 
point, Rammo mentioned that some employment agencies 
advertise on Estonian university websites.  Unless 
students are told specifically what to look for in a 
legitimate agency, they could fall victim to a criminal 
group. 
 
6. (SBU) An additional challenge in fighting these 
agencies is the fear of litigation for slander or libel. 
Sirle Blumberg, LTF Director, said that after her NGO 
warned clients to avoid certain agencies she began 
receiving phone calls from unidentified individuals 
hinting that LTF might be sued.  The other NGOs admitted 
having the same concern because they did not have the 
resources to stave off a lawsuit.  Post suggested the 
NGOS and GOE consider developing a recognizable label 
that could be used by legitimate agencies on their 
websites or newspaper ads similar to the "organic" label 
now being used by Estonian organic farmers.  The 
roundtable participants were intrigued by the simplicity 
of the idea.  Krolov said, "Most people won't spend the 
extra time vetting a group, so a label or certificate 
would be an easy and visible alternative."  Roundtable 
participants agreed to meet separately for further 
discussions on developing this idea. 
 
7. (SBU) Comment.  As the Estonian NGO community is 
still relatively new, there is still need for more 
coordination and information sharing, especially with 
non-TIP specific groups like SAK, EURES, and NRCG. 
Immediately after the roundtable, these three 
organizations were added to the GOE's TIP network 
distribution list to receive information of upcoming 
events, meetings, and developments.  End Comment. 
 
PHILLIPS