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Viewing cable 07GUATEMALA1328, THREATS AGAINST HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS IN GUATEMALA

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07GUATEMALA1328 2007-07-05 17:53 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Guatemala
VZCZCXYZ0011
RR RUEHWEB

DE RUEHGT #1328/01 1861753
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 051753Z JUL 07
FM AMEMBASSY GUATEMALA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 3177
INFO RUEHZA/WHA CENTRAL AMERICAN COLLECTIVE
RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO 4388
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA 0842
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 0146
UNCLAS GUATEMALA 001328 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: PHUM PGOV KJUS EAID KCRM KDEM GT
SUBJECT: THREATS AGAINST HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS IN GUATEMALA 
 
 
Sensitive but unclassified.  Please protect accordingly. 
 
1. (U) Summary:  The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights 
(UNHCHR) called for investigation of threats and other acts 
of intimidation against human rights defenders and protective 
measures during a presentation on the current situation of 
human rights defenders in Guatemala.  Civil society 
representatives urged government agencies to strengthen 
public policy and to collaborate on investigation and 
prosecution.  Guatemala's Presidential Human Rights 
Commissioner urged congressional approval of the 
International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala 
(CICIG), while the Minister of Government outlined a 
three-step approach -- prevention, investigation, and 
analysis -- to address the growing problem.  End summary. 
 
2. (U) In the wake of numerous attacks and threats against 
human rights defenders over the past few months, UNHCHR 
Anders Kompass focused public attention on the problem and 
urged preventive and protective measures during a June 29 
presentation to the international community, civil society, 
government, and local press.  In attendance were ambassadors, 
including the U.S. and British ambassadors, the Attorney 
General, Minister of Government, Presidential Human Rights 
Commissioner, representatives of the Ministry of Foreign 
Affairs, and representatives of various local and 
international human rights organizations. 
 
3. (U) UNHCHR Kompass expressed deep concern over the 
increasing number of threats against human rights defenders, 
which he said suggests a systemic mode of intimidation.  He 
attributed impunity as the fundamental cause of the pervasive 
climate of fear gripping Guatemalan society, and stressed the 
need for new, more effective measures, as well as stronger 
public policy, to protect human rights defenders. 
 
4. (U) Deputy Human Rights Ombudsman Maria Eugenia Morales 
recalled that government institutions have an obligation 
under the constitution to protect citizens, and called for 
greater collaboration to fight impunity.  Presidential Human 
Rights Commissioner Frank La Rue underscored that the State 
has a permanent obligation to protect human rights defenders 
and to promote democracy and that "respect for human rights 
is a measure of democracy."  Noting the greater number of 
threats against human rights defenders during an election 
year and the lack of guarantee of police protection in 
Guatemala, La Rue urged a public policy to provide greater 
protection to human rights defenders.  He also urged the use 
of tax revenues for additional security measures and approval 
of CICIG as an essential mechanism for combating impunity. 
He stressed that security is a human right for all sectors of 
society, dismissing the conceptual distinction from the 
protracted debate on CICIACS (the precursor to CICIG) of 
security for human rights defenders and security for the rest 
of society. 
 
5. (U) Minister of Government Torrebiarte expressed gratitude 
to the international community for its support on 
investigation and capacity-building.  She described the 
cornerstone of the Ministry's work as establishing security 
and combating impunity, and outlined her top five priorities: 
 purging and restructuring the National Civilian Police, 
strengthening internal controls, strengthening and taking 
control of the penal system, creating a preventive model and 
a management model for security, and implementing the 
government's civil intelligence unit (DIGICI). 
 
6. (U) Torrebiarte outlined the Ministry's three-step 
approach, consisting of prevention, investigation, and 
analysis, to respond to threats against human rights 
defenders.  In the area of prevention, the Ministry will 
provide attention to victims through the National Civilian 
Police emergency hotline.  It will train a response team to 
ensure prompt and effective attention to emergency calls from 
women and human rights defenders, and provide protective 
measures upon request.  In addition, it will create a 
specialized unit of investigators and assign investigators to 
the metropolitan office of the prosecutor for crimes against 
women and to its municipal offices.  In the area of analysis, 
it will create space for dialogue with civil society to 
better understand the possible sources and patterns of 
aggression. 
7. (U) When asked what concrete actions have been taken by 
the Attorney General's Office in response to threats against 
human rights defenders, Attorney General Florido pointed out 
that the Prosecutor's Office for Crimes Against Human Rights 
Activists was created only three years ago and that Guatemala 
has had a long history of violence.  He enumerated the many 
challenges confronting the office, including insufficient 
personnel (only six) and vehicles.  A representative from the 
Ministry of Government reported that there were five cases 
currently under investigation. 
 
8. (U) In its preliminary report on the situation of human 
rights defenders from January to April 2007, which was 
provided during the presentation, the National Movement for 
Human Rights reported that the first four months of 2007 
registered a total of 89 threats and attacks against human 
rights defenders, compared to 75 during the same period in 
2006.  The month of January, in particular, registered a 
level of violence much higher than in previous years, with 
1.13 threats or attacks per day.  By April, that number had 
decreased to .23 per day. 
 
9. (U) Environmentalists were the most targeted group of 
human rights defenders (19 attacks), followed by defenders of 
the right to justice (16 attacks), and labor union leaders 
(11 attacks).  Attacks against justice sector defenders were 
attributed in large part to aggravation of the security 
situation and exposition of police officers involved in 
extrajudicial killings that put at risk the Institute of 
Comparative Studies in Penal Sciences, as well as other 
groups that have denounced the activities of police officers. 
 During the four-month period, four murders, two attempted 
murders, one kidnapping, 10 break-ins, 26 telephone threats, 
13 written threats, and four threats in person were reported. 
 The majority of the attacks (58 of the 89) took place in the 
Department of Guatemala and targeted men (61.68 percent), 
while 13.15 percent targeted women and 15.17 percent were 
aimed at groups or institutions. 
 
10. (SBU) Comment:  The increase in the number of threats and 
other acts of intimidation against human rights defenders is 
troubling although not surprising given the increase in the 
general level of crime and impunity in Guatemala.  This 
well-attended, high-level presentation provided greater 
visibility to human rights defenders, the challenges and 
risks they face, and their demands for greater protection. 
Guatemalan government officials recognize the problem and 
seem well intended; however, with the Attorney General's 
Office, like most Guatemalan institutions, continuing to 
suffer from lack of capacity, the extent of further actions 
in the few months remaining before a new administration takes 
office may be limited. 
Derham