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Viewing cable 06TOKYO4425, JAPAN'S ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS FOR 2005

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06TOKYO4425 2006-08-07 08:06 2011-08-26 00:00 UNCLASSIFIED Embassy Tokyo
VZCZCXRO2153
RR RUEHHM RUEHLN RUEHMA RUEHPB
DE RUEHKO #4425/01 2190806
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 070806Z AUG 06
FM AMEMBASSY TOKYO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 5079
INFO RUEHZN/EST COLLECTIVE
RUEHOK/AMCONSUL OSAKA KOBE 0847
RUEHNH/AMCONSUL NAHA 0112
RUEHKSO/AMCONSUL SAPPORO 8649
RUEHNAG/AMCONSUL NAGOYA 7372
RUEHFK/AMCONSUL FUKUOKA 7534
RUEAUSA/DEPT OF HHS WASHINGTON DC
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 03 TOKYO 004425 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR EAP/J, OES/IHA AND S/GAC 
DEPT PASS TO NIH/NIAID WESTERN 
HHS FOR OGHA BHAT AND ELVANDER 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: TBIO SOCI KHIV AMED KSCA JA
SUBJECT: JAPAN'S ANNUAL REPORT ON HIV/AIDS FOR 2005 
 
 
TOKYO 00004425  001.2 OF 003 
 
 
------- 
SUMMARY 
------- 
 
1.  According to Japan's Ministry of Health, Labor and 
Welfare (MHLW) AIDS Surveillance Committee Annual Report 
on the HIV/AIDS Epidemic for 2005, a total of 832 new HIV- 
positive cases and 367 new AIDS cases were reported in 
Japan during the year.  While the number of new HIV 
positive cases increased by 52, the number of new AIDS 
cases decreased by 18 from the previous year.  The 
cumulative number of HIV and AIDS cases in Japan for a two 
decade period covering 1985-2005 totaled 7,392 and 3,644 
respectively.  HIV has been spreading particularly among 
Japanese males, with sexual contact as the major route of 
infection for both HIV and AIDS.  Infections of HIV 
through mother-to-child transmission accounted for less 
than one percent of the total cases.  However, cases of 
AIDS stemming from drug use hit a record high of 1.9 
percent of total cases in 2005. 
 
2.  As transmission through same-sex intercourse was the 
major HIV/AIDS infection route in 2005, the AIDS 
Surveillance Committee warned the government again that it 
would be necessary to promote active countermeasures to 
prevent further HIV infections in the homosexual 
population.  The committee also stressed the importance of 
education, especially for young females.  In addition to 
Tokyo and its surrounding prefectures, Osaka, Aichi, 
Fukuoka and Okinawa reported an increase in the number of 
HIV/AIDS cases.  The committee warned that local 
governments should take appropriate actions to prevent HIV 
from further spreading in their areas of responsibility. 
End summary. 
 
--------------------------- 
HIV-positive Cases in 2005 
--------------------------- 
 
3.  The number of HIV-positive cases has been increasing 
in Japan since 1996.  In 2005, 832 new HIV-positive cases 
were reported, up 52 cases from the previous year.  The 
total broke the record 780 new cases reported in 2004. 
Eighty-eight percent of the cases were contracted through 
sexual contact -- 63.6 percent through homosexual and 24.4 
percent through heterosexual intercourse.  Japanese males 
accounted for 85.2 percent of the total number of cases 
reported.  The routes of infection for the remaining cases 
were divided into the following categories: intravenous 
drug use (0.4 percent), mother-to-child transmission (0.1 
percent), unknown (10.2 percent) and other (1.3 percent). 
 
------------------- 
AIDS Cases in 2005 
------------------- 
 
4.  In 2005, 367 new AIDS cases with fully developed 
symptoms were reported, down 18 cases from the previous 
year.  Japanese males accounted for 79.3 percent of the 
total number of AIDS cases reported. 73.3 percent of the 
AIDS cases were contracted via sexual contact - 36.8 
percent through homosexual contact and 36.5 percent 
through heterosexual intercourse.  The remaining cases 
were divided among the following categories: intravenous 
drug use (1.9 percent), mother-to-child transmission (0.0 
percent), unknown (22.3 percent) and other (2.5 percent). 
 
------------------------- 
Cumulative HIV/AIDS Cases 
------------------------- 
 
5.  Since the start of the national survey in 1984, a 
cumulative total of 7,392 HIV cases and 3,644 AIDS cases 
have been logged in Japan.  However, those HIV and AIDS 
patients (approximately 1,431) who contracted the virus 
through contaminated blood products for hemophilia 
patients in the 1980s are not included in these numbers. 
The following are the cumulative percentages of HIV cases, 
listed by infection routes: 37.5 percent through 
heterosexual contact, 42.2 percent through homosexual 
contact, 0.5 percent through intravenous drug use, 0.4 
percent through mother-to-child transmission, 1.9 percent 
 
TOKYO 00004425  002.2 OF 003 
 
 
through other routes and 17.4 percent through unknown 
routes.  AIDS cases also yielded similar figures: 42.8 
percent through heterosexual contact, 27.0 percent through 
homosexual contact, 0.8 percent through intravenous drug 
use, 0.5 percent through mother-to-child transmission, 2.6 
percent through other routes and 26.3 percent through 
unknown routes. 
 
6.  Among the HIV cases, Japanese males accounted for 66.0 
percent followed by non-Japanese females (16.2 percent), 
non-Japanese males (10.6 percent), and Japanese females 
(7.2 percent).  Among the AIDS cases, Japanese males 
accounted for 71.0 percent followed by non-Japanese males 
(16.0 percent), non-Japanese females (7.5 percent), and 
Japanese females (5.5 percent).  Although the number of 
Japanese female HIV cases has stabilized since around 
2001, the survey showed that more Japanese females in the 
15-19 year-old and 20-24 year-old age brackets were 
infected with the HIV virus through heterosexual contact 
than their Japanese male counterparts. 
 
7.  Infections in the areas of Kanto and Koshinetsu which 
includes Tokyo and its neighboring prefectures such as 
Ibaraki, Tochigi, Gunma, Saitama, Chiba, Kanagawa, 
Niigata, Yamanashi, and Nagano accounted for 68.9 percent 
and 68.4 percent of the total numbers of the nation's HIV 
and AIDS cases respectively.  The number of HIV cases in 
Tokyo has markedly increased since 1996, reaching 38.6 
percent and 29.8 percent of Japan's total HIV and AIDS 
cases respectively.  Though centered in Tokyo and its 
neighboring prefectures, infections have been also 
spreading in other areas such as Osaka, Aichi, Fukuoka and 
Okinawa. 
 
-------------------------------------- 
MHLW's Response to the Growing Problem 
-------------------------------------- 
 
8.  Although new AIDS cases in 2005 decreased from 2004, 
Japan's HIV/AIDS epidemic trend in 2005 did not change 
much from the previous year.  The number of new HIV/AIDS 
cases hit a record high once again.  MHLW has requested a 
Yen 8.9 billion (USD 76 million) budget to cope with the 
spread of HIV/AIDS for JFY 2006.  This amount is in line 
with what the Ministry requested the previous year. 
 
9.  MHLW has also established a liaison council for the 16 
prefectures and cities that have reported a considerable 
number of new infections.  Its first meeting took place on 
June 26.  The council includes prefectural officials from 
Ibaraki, Saitama, Chiba, Tokyo, Kanagawa, Yamanashi, 
Nagano, Aichi, Osaka and Okinawa and metropolitan 
government officials from their respective capitol cities. 
The council was established in accordance to MHLW's 
revised AIDS prevention guidelines, which took effect in 
April 2006.  These require the central and local 
governments to clarify their roles and responsibilities 
and to strengthen countermeasures taken by local 
authorities to fight the further spread of AIDS. 
 
--------------------------------------------- -------- 
International Community Urges More Public and Private 
Action 
--------------------------------------------- -------- 
 
10.  The international community has been critical of the 
lack of concern shown by the GOJ about the spread of 
HIV/AIDS domestically, even though the number of new HIV 
infections is increasing every year in Japan.  In a report 
released by the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative 
(IAVI) entitled "AIDS Vaccine Development in Japan" in May 
2006, IAVI pointed out the contradictory nature of Japan's 
remarkable lack of interest in domestic HIV/AIDS issues 
even though the country is a major supporter of the Global 
Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.  IAVI 
encouraged Japanese officials to consider policies and 
measures beyond the simple provision of information and 
education mostly targeted at the general public.  The 
international community has also requested greater 
commitment from Japanese private companies to the fight 
against HIV/AIDS.  On May 31, Richard Holbrooke, former 
United States Ambassador and President of the Global 
 
TOKYO 00004425  003.2 OF 003 
 
 
Business Coalition (GBC), urged Japanese companies to join 
the GBC during a press conference held at the United 
Nations.  The GBC is an organization that is leading the 
fight against HIV/AIDS in the business world, and has over 
200 member companies.  However, not one of those companies 
is Japanese. 
 
SCHIEFFER