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Viewing cable 09GENEVA443, START FOLLOW-ON NEGOTIATIONS, GENEVA (SFO-GVA-I):

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
09GENEVA443 2009-06-09 18:20 2011-08-30 01:44 SECRET US Mission Geneva
VZCZCXYZ0039
OO RUEHWEB

DE RUEHGV #0443/01 1601820
ZNY SSSSS ZZH
O 091820Z JUN 09
FM USMISSION GENEVA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8528
RUEAIIA/CIA WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUEKDIA/DIA WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/CJCS WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/VCJCS WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RHEHNSC/NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUEHNO/USMISSION USNATO IMMEDIATE 4491
RHMFISS/DEPT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RHMFISS/DTRA ALEX WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RUESDT/DTRA-OSES DARMSTADT GE IMMEDIATE
RUENAAA/CNO WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
RHMFISS/DIRSSP WASHINGTON DC IMMEDIATE
INFO RUEHTA/AMEMBASSY ASTANA PRIORITY 1656
RUEHKV/AMEMBASSY KYIV PRIORITY 0664
RUEHMO/AMEMBASSY MOSCOW PRIORITY 5829
S E C R E T GENEVA 000443 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR T, VCI AND EUR/PRA 
DOE FOR NNSA/NA-24 
CIA FOR WINPAC 
JCS FOR J5/DDGSA 
SECDEF FOR OSD(P)/STRATCAP 
NAVY FOR CNO-N5JA AND DIRSSP 
AIRFORCE FOR HQ USAF/ASX AND ASXP 
DTRA FOR OP-OS OP-OSA AND DIRECTOR 
NSC FOR LOOK 
DIA FOR LEA 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 06/09/2019 
TAGS: KACT MARR PARM PREL RS US START
SUBJECT: START FOLLOW-ON NEGOTIATIONS, GENEVA (SFO-GVA-I): 
MEETING OF START FOLLOW-ON NEGOTIATIONS IN GENEVA, JUNE 1, 
2009, MORNING SESSION 
 
REF: A. STATE 50910 
     B. RUSSIAN PRESIDENT MEDVEDEV'S SPEECH AT HELSINKI 
        UNIVERSITY ON 4/20/09 
     C. MOSCOW 1331 - START FOLLOW-ON DISCUSSION OPENING 
        SESSION MAY 19 
     D. MOSCOW 1347 - START FOLLOW-ON DISCUSSION SECOND 
        SESSION MAY 20 
 
Classified By:  A/S Rose E. Gottemoeller, United States 
START Negotiator.  Reasons:  1.4(b) and (d). 
 
1.  (U) This is SFO-GVA-I-001. 
 
2.  (U) Meeting Date:  June 1, 2009 
                Time:  11:00 a.m. - 1:00 p.m. 
               Place:  Russian Mission, Geneva 
 
------- 
SUMMARY 
------- 
 
3.  (S) At the first meeting of U.S. and Russian Delegations 
in Geneva on START Follow-On Negotiations, the Russian 
Delegation described Russia's vision for a treaty to replace 
the START Treaty.  Antonov stressed that the paper containing 
the Russian vision had just been agreed "five minutes ago" 
and was "hot off the printer."   Where possible, Russia had 
used the same language as in the U.S. Elements paper provided 
in Moscow (REF A) and it should not be seen as the "final 
word" but as a hybrid of the U.S. paper.  Russia proposed 
that the new treaty be titled "Treaty Between the United 
States of America and the Russian Federation on Measures for 
the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive 
Arms."  General points on Russia' proposal for a new treaty 
would:  1) build on the success of START; 2) be a bilateral 
treaty between the United States and Russia, with no 
participation of non-nuclear states; 3) replicate the 
structure of START; 4) have additional verification measures 
as necessary; and 5) be shorter, simpler and less costly than 
START.  For the preamble, the Russian Delegation said that 
Russia had taken many of the ideas from the U.S. paper and 
emphasized that the preamble must document the 
interconnection between strategic offensive and defensive 
forces and that the level of Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) 
systems would be frozen at the level existing at time of 
signature. 
 
4.  (S) The Russian vision on limits in the new treaty would 
specify that:  1) seven years after entry into force, 
reductions would be lower than the Moscow Treaty; 2) Russia 
is prepared to discuss separate limits for deployed ICBMs, 
SLBMs, and heavy bombers; 3) Russia does not believe that the 
term "warhead" is properly used in the U.S. paper, which is 
in part modeled on START; 4) the new treaty will include 
notifications and exchanges of data, including new types of 
strategic offensive arms (SOAs); 5) missiles designed for use 
as a BMD interceptor should not have the capability of an 
ICBM or SLBM; 6) BMD launchers should be different from ICBM 
or SLBM launchers; 7) SOA should only be based at 
treaty-established locations, e.g., ICBMs should only be at 
ICBM bases and other permitted locations; 8) SOA should not 
be based outside national territory, with the exception that 
heavy bombers with long-range nuclear ALCMs would be banned 
 
 
from being stationed outside the continental portion of 
national territory; 9) heavy bombers converted to a 
non-nuclear role must not be based at the same location as 
bombers with a nuclear mission; and 10) ICBMs and SLBMs 
should not be armed with non-nuclear warheads.  Russia 
proposed that the new treaty include the basic treaty 
articles with six annexes:  1) terms and definitions; 2) 
initial data; 3) conversion or elimination procedures; 4) 
notifications; 5) inspections, visits, and exhibitions; and 
6) an annex on a Bilateral Consultative Commission that would 
have the authority to make viability and effectiveness 
changes to the treaty.  The Russian Delegation stated that 
the optimum treaty duration should be ten years; it should 
replace the Moscow Treaty; and should have a withdrawal 
provision based on one Party making a quantitative or 
qualitative increase in its missile defense capabilities. 
 
5.  (S) The Russian Delegation closed the morning meeting by 
stressing the importance of President Medvedev's recent 
Helsinki speech (REF B), which included comments on FMCT, 
weapons in outer space, and conditions for signing the new 
treaty.  The Russian Delegation reiterated the importance 
Russia places on the interconnection between strategic 
offensive and defensive forces. 
 
6.  (S) The U.S. Delegation acknowledged the Russian 
Delegation's remarks, but reminded them that issues that 
addressed missile defense were being discussed in a separate 
forum and that the recent meetings in Moscow on this subject 
had been very positive.  The charge from Presidents Obama and 
Medvedev was to develop an agreement for a START Follow-On 
Treaty. 
 
------------------------- 
WELCOME, GOALS AND REVIEW 
OF "HOMEWORK" ASSIGNMENTS 
------------------------- 
 
7.  (S) Russian Head of Delegation (HOD) Antonov welcomed the 
continuation of the START Follow-on Negotiations in his 
second home, Geneva at the Russian Mission, on June 1, 2009. 
He recognized that the delegations have much work to do, but 
expressed hope that they could build on the Moscow meetings 
(REFS C and D).  Antonov acknowledged that the U.S. 
Delegation seemed to be better prepared than the Russian 
Delegation in Moscow, but stated that the Russian Delegation 
could catch up during this session.  He promised that the 
Russian Delegation would provide the analysis of the U.S. 
proposals received in Moscow (REF A) as well their own ideas. 
 
8.  (S) U.S. HOD Gottemoeller expressed her hope that the 
START Follow-on discussions could build on the successes in 
the Conference on Disarmament (CD) with the agreement on a 
work plan by the CD this week.  Antonov acknowledged the 
success of the CD in developing a work program and provided a 
Russian press statement on the results. 
 
9.  (S) Antonov added that there was still much to do on the 
START Follow-on, but stated that the Russian Side had done 
its homework.  He opined that the delegations would soon need 
to think about the form of a Presidential Statement and what 
the Russian and U.S. Presidents would say about the 
negotiations.  Antonov said that both Presidents want 
 
 
positive results and both delegations would try not to fail 
their leaderships.  He stated that Lavrov had spoken to the 
Russian Delegation before its departure to Geneva and had 
asked that we work not just on what the Presidents would say, 
but on the parameters and vision of the new treaty.  He also 
relayed that Russia is ready to work in a constructive manner 
to resolve this matter of national security.  He reiterated 
that any differences needed to be resolved in an atmosphere 
of mutual respect and with good will, in this way, in his 
opinion, the delegations could get the job done. 
 
10.  (S) Gottemoeller expressed the U.S. goals for this 
session; first, that Russia present its views of the elements 
of a START Follow-on Agreement and that both Sides identify 
key differences; second, that Russia present its analysis and 
questions on the U.S. Non-paper on Elements of a START 
Follow-on Agreement (REF A); third, that both Sides continue 
their discussion of relevant concepts, such as operationally 
deployed strategic nuclear warheads (ODSNWs) and strategic 
nuclear delivery vehicles (SNDVs); and, finally, to discuss 
the process required to reach a memorandum of agreement or 
joint understanding by the end of June in time for the July 
Presidential Summit. 
 
11.  (S) Antonov stated that he completely supported the U.S. 
goals and he would like to build on the Moscow session, to 
identify what we have achieved and what we need further work 
on.  He then reviewed the "homework" assignments each Side 
undertook (REF D).  For the Russian Side, it needed to 
provide the analysis of the U.S. papers, present its vision 
of the parameters of the new agreement, and present its ideas 
and proposals for the link between strategic offense and 
defense. 
 
12.  (S) Antonov also laid out Russia's concepts for this 
round of discussions.  First, he expected that both Sides 
would develop an understanding for the subject of the treaty 
and relate it back to the START Treaty.  In the Russian 
opinion, that would be done by making the subject matter 
warheads, launchers and delivery vehicles.  Antonov said he 
also wanted to discuss the substance of a document for the 
Presidential Summit in Moscow in July.  He also noted the 
Sides' agreement to work with Swiss authorities on seeking 
privileges and immunities for their delegations.  Finally, he 
wanted to discuss developing a Joint U.S./Russian approach to 
deal with Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan and their concerns 
over not being included in the negotiations of the START 
Follow-on Treaty. 
 
-------------------- 
RUSSIAN VISION PAPER 
-------------------- 
 
13.  (S) Antonov read excerpts and presented the Russian 
paper on "How the Russian Side Envisions the New START 
Treaty."  (Begin comment:  The paper was subsequently 
provided to the U.S. Delegation (the official translation 
follows below in paragraph 14.)  End comment.)  He 
characterized the text as having just been cleared within his 
delegation, fresh off the printer and that "the paper is 
still warm" and should not be viewed as the "final word."  He 
expressed his regrets that they would only be able to provide 
the United States a copy of the text in Russian but would do 
 
 
so after lunch. 
 
14.  (S) Begin text: 
 
                                 Official Translation 
 
                                 To be Turned Over to the 
                                 U.S. Side 
 
                                 Paper of the Russian Side 
                                 June 1, 2009 
 
      How the Russian Side Envisions the New START Treaty 
 
     This document reflects some of the Russian side's 
approaches to the main parameters of the future START 
follow-on agreement between Russia and the U.S.  In this 
connection, we proceed from the understanding reached at the 
first round of negotiations in Moscow on May 19-20, 2009, to 
the effect that the START Treaty provisions will form the 
basis for the work. 
 
     1.  Title of the Treaty: 
 
     "Treaty between the Russian Federation and the United 
States of America on Measures for the Further Reduction and 
Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms." 
 
     This title best reflects the instructions from 
Presidents Medvedev and Obama of April 1, 2009, " begin 
bilateral intergovernmental negotiations to work out a new, 
comprehensive, legally binding agreement on reducing and 
limiting strategic offensive arms to replace the START 
Treaty."  We thereby emphasize that the new agreement will be 
strictly bilateral and will not provide for participation of 
the "non-nuclear" START Parties -- Belarus, Kazakhstan, and 
Ukraine -- in working out the agreement. 
 
     2.  Structure of the Treaty. 
 
     In general, the structure of the treaty could replicate 
the structure the START Treaty.  However, the wording of the 
text should be considerably more concise. 
 
     Preamble. 
 
     In the preamble, it would be desirable to reflect the 
following: 
 
     - the commitment of Russia and the U.S. to the goal of 
the total elimination of nuclear weapons; 
 
     - the reduction of the role and importance of nuclear 
arms in maintaining international security; 
 
     - demonstrable movement toward the ultimate goal of the 
elimination of nuclear arms; 
 
     - reaffirmation of the obligations under Article VI of 
the NPT; 
 
     - the efforts to strengthen international security and 
strategic stability and to strengthen the new strategic 
 
 
 
relationship based on trust, predictability, and cooperation; 
 
     - the interrelationship between strategic offensive and 
defensive arms; 
 
     - the fact that implementation of the START Treaty has 
been fully and successfully completed; the continuity of 
disarmament efforts and future multilateralization of those 
efforts; 
 
     - the support for worldwide nonproliferation efforts; 
 
     - maintenance of the safety and security of nuclear 
arsenals; 
 
     - bringing the nuclear postures of the Russian 
Federation and the United States of America into alignment 
with our post-Cold War relationship -- no longer enemies, no 
prospect of war between us, and cooperating where mutually 
advantageous; 
 
     - the principle of equal security. 
 
     General Provisions. 
 
     Each Party will reduce and limit its strategic offensive 
arms quantitatively and qualitatively, will implement 
measures aimed at building confidence, openness, and 
predictability in the development of strategic relations, and 
will fulfill the other obligations under the future treaty. 
 
     It will be recorded that the obligations under the 
treaty are assumed by the Parties at the level of BMD systems 
existing at the time the treaty is signed. 
 
     Maximum Levels. 
 
     Each Party will reduce and limit its strategic offensive 
arms so that seven years after entry into force of the treaty 
and thereafter, the aggregate numbers of those arms will not 
exceed agreed levels which, in accordance with the April 1, 
2009, statement by the Presidents of Russia and the U.S., 
will be lower than those in the Treaty on Strategic Offensive 
Reductions.  Such reductions and limitations should apply to 
strategic delivery vehicles and warheads. 
 
     As you know, the START Treaty uses the concept of 
"warhead."  However, the U.S. unilaterally introduced the 
concept of "operationally deployed strategic nuclear 
warheads" for the Treaty on Strategic Offensive Reductions 
(although that Treaty refers to "strategic nuclear 
warheads").  Taking into account the U.S. paper entitled 
"Elements of a START Follow-on Treaty," which was provided to 
the Russian side, the question arises of the correlation 
between these terms.  In our view, the use of the U.S. term 
does not fit in with the subsequent provisions of the 
aforementioned U.S. document, which have been borrowed from 
the START Treaty. 
 
     Counting Procedure. 
 
     The Russian side's approach will be clarified after we 
receive explanations from the U.S. side regarding its views 
 
 
on the procedure for counting strategic delivery vehicles. 
 
     Data Base. 
 
     A list of all the types of SOAs that the Parties have as 
of the time of signature of the treaty will be compiled.  The 
data base would be maintained and periodically updated using 
the notifications provided for by the current START Treaty, 
with appropriate modifications.  New categories of data could 
also be added, reflecting the provisions of the new treaty. 
 
     For newly constructed SOAs the procedure for the 
beginning of application of the treaty provisions will be 
prescribed separately. 
 
     In addition, exceptions will be stipulated for missiles 
intended for missile defense purposes, on the understanding 
that such missiles cannot be given the capabilities of ICBMs 
and SLBMs and that their launchers will have significant 
differences from ICBM and SLBM launchers. 
 
     Location. 
 
     It will be stipulated that SOAs subject to the future 
treaty will be located only at: 
 
     - ICBM bases; 
 
     - submarine bases; 
 
     - air bases; 
 
     - storage facilities; 
 
     - ICBM or SLBM loading facilities; 
 
     - conversion, elimination, or repair facilities; 
 
     - training facilities; 
 
     - test ranges; 
 
     - space launch facilities. 
 
     SOAs subject to the new treaty will not be based outside 
the continental portion of each Party's national territory. 
 
     A procedure for temporary stationing of heavy bombers 
outside the continental portion of national territory will be 
agreed upon and there will be mandatory notification of such 
stationing.  Heavy bombers converted for non-nuclear 
armaments must be based separately from heavy bombers 
equipped for nuclear armaments. 
 
     Additional Limitations. 
 
     Record a ban on ICBMs or SLBMs in a non-nuclear 
configuration and some other significant limitations (a ban 
on conversion and use of interceptor missile launchers to 
place ICBMs and SLBMs in them, a ban on stationing heavy 
bombers with long-range nuclear ALCMs outside the continental 
portion of national territory, and others). 
 
 
     Notifications. 
 
     It would be appropriate to keep the START notification 
regime, simplifying and modifying it, and specifically to 
provide for the following: 
 
     - mutual exchange of notifications regarding the numbers 
and types of deployed ICBMs and SLBMs and their locations; 
the numbers of deployed launchers of ICBMs and SLBMs and 
their locations; and the numbers and types of deployed heavy 
bombers and their basing locations; 
 
     - mutual exchange of notifications regarding the numbers 
and types of non-deployed ICBMs and SLBMs and their 
locations; the numbers of non-deployed launchers of ICBMs and 
SLBMs and their locations; and the number and types of test 
heavy bombers, training heavy bombers, and heavy bombers 
placed on static display, and their basing locations; 
 
     - mutual exchange of notifications regarding movement 
between declared facilities of items subject to the 
limitations provided for in the future treaty; flight tests 
of ICBMs or SLBMs; the elimination or conversion of items and 
facilities; strategic offensive arms of new types; and 
inspections, visits, and exhibitions. 
 
     Elimination or Conversion. 
 
     Record that SOAs in excess of the numbers provided for 
by the new treaty must be converted or eliminated. 
 
     Simplify the elimination and conversion procedures as 
compared to the procedures provided for in the START Treaty. 
Make them less costly and less burdensome. 
 
     Confidence-Building Measures. 
 
     Confidence-building measures could be worked out in 
order to ensure the viability and effectiveness of the new 
treaty. 
 
     Use of NTM. 
 
     The use of NTM is envisaged in order to ensure 
verification of compliance with the provisions of the new 
treaty. 
 
     Inspections, Visits, and Exhibitions. 
 
     We would consider it possible to retain, in simplified 
form, the procedures for inspections, visits, and exhibitions 
provided for in the START Treaty. 
 
     In order to ensure verification of compliance with the 
provisions of the future treaty, each Party would have the 
right to conduct inspections, visits, and exhibitions. 
 
     The procedures for conducting inspections, visits, and 
exhibitions will be governed by an Annex on Inspections, 
Visits, and Exhibitions. 
 
     In order to exercise their functions effectively, for 
the purpose of implementing the treaty, and not for their 
 
 
personal benefit, the inspectors and air crew members will be 
accorded the privileges and immunities specified in a 
Protocol on Inspections, Visits, and Exhibitions. 
 
     The objective of inspections is to verify the data on 
the number of deployed ICBMs, deployed SLBMs, and deployed 
heavy bombers, and the data on the number of warheads on them. 
 
     The objective of visits is to verify the data on the 
number of non-deployed delivery vehicles, the number of 
non-deployed launchers, the data on new facilities provided 
in the course of the information exchange, and the technical 
characteristics of strategic offensive arms provided in the 
course of the information exchange or demonstrated within the 
framework of exhibitions of new SOA items or during 
confirmation of conversion of SOA items for new types of SOAs. 
 
 
     Each Party undertakes to conduct exhibitions to confirm 
the technical characteristics of new items of strategic 
offensive arms declared during the information exchange and 
to confirm the completion of conversion procedures for SOA 
items. 
 
     Bilateral Consultative Commission. 
 
     To promote the objectives and implementation of the 
provisions of the new treaty, the Parties will establish the 
Bilateral Consultative Commission -- BCC (the procedures for 
its operation could be defined in an Annex to the treaty). 
 
     Entry into force and Termination. 
 
     The treaty, including the Annexes, which are an integral 
part of it, will be subject to ratification in accordance 
with the constitutional procedures of each of the Parties, 
and it would enter into force on the day instruments of 
ratification are exchanged. 
 
     The treaty would remain in force for 10 years, unless it 
were superseded before that by a follow-on agreement.  The 
duration of the treaty could be extended by mutual agreement 
of the Parties. 
 
     A quantitative and qualitative increase in the 
capabilities of BMD systems by one of the Parties can serve 
as the basis for the withdrawal of the other Party from the 
treaty 
 
     From the moment of its entry into force, the treaty will 
replace the SOR Treaty, which will terminate. 
 
     In addition, an Annex to the treaty, consisting of six 
sections will be agreed: 
 
     - terms and definitions; 
 
     - data base; 
 
     - conversion or elimination; 
 
     - notifications; 
 
     - inspections, visits, and exhibitions; 
 
 
 
     - Bilateral Consultative Commission - BCC. 
 
     All questions that do not affect the substance of the 
treaty can be referred to the BCC for consideration.  Its 
decisions on those questions will not be amendments to the 
treaty and, thus, will not be subject to ratification. 
 
    We would request that the U.S. side express its ideas on 
the substance of this document. 
 
End text. 
 
--------------------- 
ANTONOV CONCLUDES AND 
U.S. INITIAL RESPONSE 
--------------------- 
 
15.  (S) Antonov ended his presentation by saying that some 
of the elements coincide with those presented by the United 
States and that some of the U.S. ideas have been developed 
further.  He said the United States should consider this 
document as preliminary and not the final Russian position, 
and that the Russian Side was anxious to obtain the U.S. 
reaction.  He stated that it was important for the United 
States to remember that Russian President Medvedev provided 
Russia's positions on, inter alia, START Follow-on in his 
speech in Helsinki in April 2009 and emphasized that it was 
important for the United States to keep those positions in 
mind.  (Begin comment:  Medvedev's speech was delivered on 
April 20, 2009, to Helsinki University and covers a range of 
Russian foreign policy issues.  End comment.)  Antonov also 
acknowledged that the newly agreed work plan for the CD will 
alleviate two of the Russian priorities as Medvedev detailed 
them:  the CD discussion of the Fissile Material Cutoff 
Treaty (FMCT) and the discussion of prohibiting weapons in 
outer space.  Of the Russian priorities detailed in 
Medvedev's Helsinki speech, Antonov stated that the START 
Follow-on negotiations will still need to define the 
relationship between strategic offensive and defensive 
weapons. 
 
16.  (S) Gottemoeller responded by acknowledging the CD4QQzNk Russian presentation on the START 
Follow-on.  As she understood the Russian proposal, it 
addressed inspection of launchers and warheads as well as 
verification procedures.  Antonov replied that it was 
possible to simplify the procedures in the START Treaty and 
that the specifics could be explained in the appropriate 
annex.  The object of the verification was the number of 
deployed ICBMs and SLBMs and heavy bombers as well as data on 
the warheads deployed on them.  With respect to visits, he 
 
explained that the Russians wanted data and transparency 
measures on non-deployed launchers and new facilities.  He 
reiterated the Russian position that verification procedures 
would need to address the technical characteristics of new 
items accountable under SOA as well as converted items. 
 
 
------------------------------ 
RUSSIA'S PRINCIPAL ISSUES: 
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGIC 
OFFENSE AND DEFENSE 
------------------------------ 
 
18.  (S) Antonov concluded his response by stating that, 
while the Russian Side was prepared for compromise, it did 
have some principal positions that were not yet agreed.  He 
highlighted that until we define the relationship between 
offensive and defensive arms we would not be able to reach an 
agreement. 
 
19.  (S) Gottemoeller responded to Antonov's comments by 
stating that the U.S. had heard the Russian position loud and 
clear.  She stated she had heard that Ambassador Steve Mull 
had productive discussions with Russian counterparts while 
visiting Moscow last week to discuss the Joint Data Exchange 
Center (JDEC).  She relayed that Lieutenant General (LTG) 
O'Reilly's (Director, Missile Defense Agency) presentation 
was supposed to convey to the Russians the new U.S. ideas on 
strategic defensive cooperation.  She reiterated the U.S. 
position that the JDEC negotiation venue was the proper place 
for discussing strategic defense issues.  Antonov replied 
that he was aware of Ambassador Mull's visit, and even 
displayed a copy of LTG O'Reilly's presentation, noting that 
some of his colleagues had attended.  He stated that the 
Russian Side had listened carefully and their U.S. colleagues 
had seemed to know Russian views, unlike the Russian proposal 
on a Space Weapons Treaty that seemed to have gotten lost in 
the State Department three years ago after Antonov handed it 
to former A/S Steve Rademaker because Russia had never 
received a response. 
 
------------------------------ 
MOVING ON -- BUT FIRST ANOTHER 
QUESTION ABOUT MISSILE DEFENSE 
------------------------------ 
 
20.  (S) Antonov stated that he did not want the focus of 
this session to be on BMD cooperation, which is on a 
completely different track, and that both Sides needed to 
focus on our task:  when he talks about BMD, it is in the 
context of the connection between SOA and defensive systems. 
He then invited any other questions.  Warner asked for 
clarification of how many times in the Russian proposal the 
new treaty referenced missile defense, did the Russians see 
missile defense being referenced in two or three places?  As 
Warner heard it, the Russians referenced missile defense in 
the preamble and he looked forward to reading their wording, 
and there was at least one other reference.  Antonov reviewed 
the Russian points on how missile defense would be included 
in the new treaty -+QbQ,s on missiles intended for missile defense 
purposes that such missiles would not be allowed the 
capabilities of ICBMs and SLBMs and, finally, there would 
also be language in the article on withdrawal provisions that 
specified the right of a Party to withdraw if the other Side 
quantitatively or qualitatively improved its missile defense 
systems.  (Begin note:  four places total.  End note.) 
 
 
 
21.  (S) The Morning session concluded, Antonov promised to 
deliver the Russian draft proposal after lunch and to answer 
any other U.S. questions on the proposal. 
 
22.  (U) Participants. 
 
U.S.: 
 
Ms. Gottemoeller 
Mr. Brown 
Mr. Buttrick 
LtCol Comeau 
Mr. Couch 
Mr. Dunn 
Mr. Elliott 
Mr. Fortier 
Col Hartford 
Mr. Johnston 
Mr. Kron 
Dr. Look 
Mr. Siemon 
Mr. Taylor 
Dr. Warner 
Ms. Gross (Int) 
Dr. Hopkins (Int) 
 
RUSSIA 
 
Amb Antonov 
Mr. Belyakov 
Mr. Ermakov 
Mr. Ilin 
Mr. Izrazov 
Mr. Koshelev 
Ms. Kotkova 
Mr. Lychaninov 
Mr. Malyugin 
Col Novikov 
Col Ryzhkov 
Mr. Schevtchenko 
Mr. Semin 
Mr. Smirnov 
Mr. Trifonov 
Mr. Uveev 
Mr. Vasiliev 
Col Zaytsev 
Mr. Lakeev (Int) 
 
23.  (U) Gottemoeller sends. 
STORELLA