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Viewing cable 08TOKYO3526, CABINET APPROVES SLIGHTLY CONTRACTIONARY REGULAR

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08TOKYO3526 2008-12-30 05:29 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Tokyo
VZCZCXRO6521
PP RUEHRN
DE RUEHKO #3526/01 3650529
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 300529Z DEC 08
FM AMEMBASSY TOKYO
TO RHEHAAA/WHITE HOUSE WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 9732
RUEATRS/TREASURY DEPT WASHDC PRIORITY
INFO RUEHSS/OECD POSTS COLLECTIVE PRIORITY
RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING PRIORITY 6999
RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL PRIORITY 3018
RUEHFK/AMCONSUL FUKUOKA PRIORITY 1630
RUEHNH/AMCONSUL NAHA PRIORITY 3983
RUEHOK/AMCONSUL OSAKA KOBE PRIORITY 5417
RUEHKSO/AMCONSUL SAPPORO PRIORITY 2192
RUCPDOC/DEPT OF COMMERCE WASHINGTON DC PRIORITY
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 TOKYO 003526 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE EAP, EEB/IFD/OMA AND EEB/EPPD; TREASURY IA FOR 
FOSTER, WINSHIP, DOHNER; USTR FOR AUSTR CUTLER AND DAUSTR 
BEEMAN; 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 12/29/2018 
TAGS: ECON EFIN PGOV EAP JA
SUBJECT: CABINET APPROVES SLIGHTLY CONTRACTIONARY REGULAR 
FY2009 BUDGET 
 
REF: TOKYO 3417 
 
TOKYO 00003526  001.2 OF 002 
 
 
Classified By: Charge d'Affaires James Zumwalt; reasons 1.4 (b/d) 
 
1.  (SBU) Summary: Japan's Cabinet approved the central 
government's draft regular FY2009 budget December 24, 
clearing the way for its submission to the forthcoming 
regular session of the Diet that begins January 5 and passage 
before the end of FY2008 (March 31, 2009).  Proposed outlays 
of 33.5 trillion yen ($983 billion) represent an increase of 
6.6 percent over the initial FY2008 budget.  However, 
demonstrating the Japanese government's growing use of 
supplemental budgets, the proposed outlays are 0.4 percent or 
0.4 trillion yen smaller than the revised FY2008 budget. 
Revenues for FY2009 are projected to decline a sizable 13.9 
percent from the initial FY2008 estimate, a refection of 
Japan's worsening economic situation. The FY2009 budget 
continues the GOJ's practice of appearing to tackle its 
budget deficits while at the same time spending freely via 
supplemental budgets to meet political considerations.  End 
Summary. 
 
Overview of the General Account Expenditures 
-------------------------------------------- 
 
2. (SBU)  Japan's latest revised budget for FY2009 (April 
2009 - March 2010) projects total general account 
expenditures at 17.4 percent of GDP, essentially unchanged 
from 17.5 percent of GDP in the revised FY2008 budget.  Most 
FY2009 spending is non-discretionary, including mandatory 
items such as social security spending (5.0 percent), 
projected debt service costs (4.0 percent of GDP), and 
revenue sharing with local governments (3.2 percent). 
Discretionary spending, including public works (1.4 percent 
of GDP), represents less than one third of total projected 
outlays. 
 
Major Spending Categories 
------------------------- 
 
3. (SBU) The FY2009 debt service costs, a major mandatory 
spending item, are projected to total 20.2 trillion yen ($244 
billion), up 0.4 percent from the initial FY2008 budget, 
thanks to continued low government bond yields.  Also, social 
security spending is budgeted to increase 14.0 percent in 
FY2009, reflecting a rise in government funding's share of 
the basic national pension scheme from the current one-third 
to one-half starting April 2009 (2.3 trillion yen, or $25 
billion).  Among discretionary items, FY2009 public works 
spending is set to increase 5.0 percent to 7.1 trillion yen 
($79 billion), in part as a stimulus measure to counter 
rapidly deteriorating economic circumstances (ref).  However, 
 spending on ODA has been cut 4.0 percent from the initial 
FY2009 budget to 672 billion yen ($7.5 billion).  This figure 
represents the tenth consecutive annual decrease in ODA 
funding.  Additionally, a sizeable increase in reserves is 
reflected in the creation of a new 1 trillion yen ($11.1 
billion) special reserve fund for unexpected economic events. 
 
Overview of General Account Receipts 
------------------------------------ 
 
4. (SBU)  The Ministry of Finance (MOF) projects FY2009 tax 
revenues at 46.1 trillion yen ($512 billion, or 9.0 percent 
of GDP), a drop of 0.7 percent from the revised FY2008 level. 
 To cover this decline in tax revenues, MOF plans to issue 
33.3 trillion yen ($367 billion) of new Japan Government 
Bonds (JGB) in FY2009, the largest JGB issuance in five 
years.  As a non-tax receipt, MOF will also transfer 
approximately 4.2 trillion yen ($46 billion) in funds from 
the off-budget Fiscal Investment and Loan Program (FILP) 
Special Account to the general account budget. (Note: often 
termed "the second budget," the FILP finances government of 
Japan affiliated institutions as well as local governments, 
authorizes 15.9 trillion yen ($177 billion) for FY2009.  End 
note.) 
 
FILP Overview 
 
TOKYO 00003526  002.2 OF 002 
 
 
-------------- 
 
5.  (SBU)  In addition to the funds transfer to the general 
account budget, the FY2009 FILP budget calls for total 
outlays of 15.1 trillion yen ($168 billion or 3.1 percent of 
GDP).  This figure is up 14.4 percent from the initial FY2008 
level, but down 3.6 percent from the revised level.  FILP 
lending to government-affiliated financial institutions and 
public works implementing agencies is set to fall 2.1 percent 
and 32.8 percent from the revised FY2008 levels, 
respectively.  In contrast, allocations to local governments 
will grow 21.4 percent in FY2009.  Issuance of FILP bonds 
(12.0 trillion yen or $133 billion) and government guaranteed 
bonds (3.8 trillion yen or $42.2 billion) are the primary 
means for financing the FILP budget. 
 
Fiscal Policy Shifts 
-------------------- 
 
6. (C)  The Cabinet-approved FY2009 general account and FILP 
outlays do not signal an aggressive new fiscal policy, but 
suggest adoption of a moderately contractionary fiscal 
posture from the current fiscal year.  This development is 
the result of the Aso administration's stated decision to 
pursue both medium to long term fiscal consolidation and a 
short term expansionary fiscal policy. 
 
7. (C)  Since FY2007, Japan has deployed a strategy of 
promoting fiscal consolidation mainly through cuts in 
government spending set by the medium term fiscal 
consolidation plan.  (Note:  the Koizumi Cabinet adopted a 
restrictive fiscal policy in July 2006 by setting specific 
targets for annual spending cuts over the five year period 
FY2007-2011 and calling for the GOJ to achieve "primary 
fiscal balance" by FY2011.  End note.)  During the first 
phase of compiling the FY2009 regular budget, the Cabinet 
assumed restrictive guidelines for budget requests from 
government ministries in July, as required by the medium term 
fiscal consolidation plan.  Under the guidelines, ministerial 
budget spending requests, excluding social security, are 
supposed to decline 0.2 percent from the initial FY2008 
budget levels. 
 
8.  (C) Rapidly deteriorating economic conditions and the 
need to appeal to voters in advance of Lower House elections 
have led Prime Minister Aso to indicate repeatedly his top 
priority is to get Japan's economy moving even at the expense 
of increasing Japan's already large overall government 
deficit (currently about 180% of Japan's GDP).  The Aso 
Cabinet, therefore, for the first time in seven years 
compiled two distinct supplemental budgets for FY2008 to fund 
measures committed under three separate economic stimulus 
packages--11.5 trillion yen on August 29; 26.9 trillion yen 
on October 30; and 43 trillion yen December 19, with 6 
trillion yen of overlapping measures in the two most recent 
packages)-- without suspending the medium term fiscal 
consolidation plan.  The two supplementals, plus the combined 
general account and FILP outlays reached 20.7 percent of GDP 
in FY2008, the highest level in four years. 
 
9.  (C)  The long standing problem for Japan has been that 
while the fiscal consolidation plan binds spending under 
regular budget expenditures, it does not limit outlays under 
supplemental budgets.  The FY2009 budget continues the GOJ's 
practice of appearing to tackle its budget deficits while at 
the same time spending freely via supplemental budgets to 
meet political considerations. 
ZUMWALT