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Viewing cable 08RIODEJANEIRO165, AMBASSADOR SOBEL MEETS WITH KEY ENERGY ENTITIES IN RIO

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
08RIODEJANEIRO165 2008-06-30 16:19 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Consulate Rio De Janeiro
VZCZCXRO6584
RR RUEHRG
DE RUEHRI #0165/01 1821619
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
R 301619Z JUN 08
FM AMCONSUL RIO DE JANEIRO
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 4524
INFO RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA 0865
RUEHSO/AMCONSUL SAO PAULO 5163
RUEHRG/AMCONSUL RECIFE 3435
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 RIO DE JANEIRO 000165 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR WHA/BSC, WHA/EPSC, EB/ENR 
USDOE FOR SECRETARY BODMAN, CAROLYN GAY AND RHIA DAVIS 
DHS FOR SECRETARY CHERTOFF 
 
FROM AMBASSADOR SOBEL 
 
 
E.O.: 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ECON EINV ENRG PGOV PBTS MARR BR
SUBJECT:  AMBASSADOR SOBEL MEETS WITH KEY ENERGY ENTITIES IN RIO 
 
Ref(s): A) 08 RIO DE JAN 138; B) 08 RIO DE JAN 0044 and previous 
 
Sensitive But Unclassified - Please handle accordingly. 
 
This message has been approved by Ambassador Sobel. 
 
SUMMARY 
------- 
 
1. (SBU) On June 6 Ambassador Sobel met with the two top executives 
of the Brazilian Petroleum Institute (IBP), an association 
representing the 71 energy companies operating in Brazil, and with 
Petrobras' new International Director, Jorge Luiz Zelada.  In both 
meetings, discussions centered on the effects of the large oil and 
gas discoveries off the Brazilian coast in the Santos basin - an 
area measuring 800 km long and 200 km wide with an estimated 
potential of more than 80 billion barrels of oil equivalent (boe). 
The Ambassador explored opportunities for developing new bilateral 
partnerships in light of upcoming visits by DHS Secretary Chertoff 
and DoE Secretary Bodman.  He also discussed the possibility of 
developing a strategic partnership with Petrobras.  End Summary. 
 
IBP DISCUSSES SANTOS BASIN AND SOVEREIGNTY CONCERNS 
--------------------------------------------- ------ 
 
2.  (SBU) On June 6, Ambassador Sobel met with IBP President Joco 
Carlos de Luca and Executive Secretary Alvaro Alves Teixeira.  They 
explained that IBP's goal is to protect and develop the oil industry 
in Brazil, while at the same time supporting and encouraging the 
free market in Brazil.  To that end, they occasionally find 
themselves at odds with Petrobras, a majority shareholder in IBP, as 
well as Petrobras's Exploration and Production (E&P) Director 
Guilherme de Oliveira Estrella, who happens to be the Chair of IBP's 
board.  Their most recent disagreement has been over continuing 
application of the concession model to E&P in the Santos Basin - 
which IBP supports vs. development of a new production sharing model 
where companies would pay royalties in oil vs. petrodollars (Ref A). 
 Royalties are currently at 65 percent, and the GoB is considering a 
rate hike (which ANP supports).  Petrobras, which controls 90 
percent of E&P in Brazil is advocating for the production-sharing 
model.  IBP believes that adopting a new model would unnecessarily 
delay ANP conducting new oil rounds, since any new model would have 
to be approved by the Brazilian Congress. 
 
3. (U) The Ambassador expressed interest in building a stronger 
working partnership with Brazil to increase world energy security. 
He inquired as to what public resources the United States could 
offer to assist Brazil with oil and gas exploration of the pre-salt 
areas of the new huge Santos basin off Brazil's coast, an area 800 
kilometers long, extending from Santa Catarina to Esprito Santo and 
200 kilometers wide.  He also asked about opportunities for U.S. 
companies. 
 
4. (SBU) The IBP executives highlighted Brazil's concerns that the 
United States is not a signatory to the UN convention recognizing 
the 200 nautical mile economic zone.  They also expressed concern 
about the recent announcement of the reestablishment of the Fourth 
Fleet headquartered in the U.S. Southern Command, which occurred at 
about the same time as the Santos Basin reserves became public 
knowledge.  They explained that the GOB is very sensitive about 
sovereignty and that the Fourth Fleet announcement "could not have 
come at a worse time," causing a nationalist, protectionist reaction 
in Brazil.  There is concern that the United States could threaten 
to use its considerable military assets to commandeer and exploit 
Brazil's offshore assets.  The IBP officials felt that an offer to 
help Brazil develop a defense system to protect its "blue Amazon" 
would further build on an already positive relationship that exists 
between our two Presidents.  Ambassador Sobel assured the IBP 
officials that the United States does indeed recognize Brazil's 
economic zone as extending 200 miles off Brazil's coastline.  He 
stated that he would seek guidance on this issue, and raise it with 
DHS Secretary Chertoff and Defense Minister Nelson Jobim. 
 
5. In response to the Ambassador's inquiry about the commercial 
viability of extracting oil from the Santos Basin given the 
complexity (and expense) of drilling in the pre-salt area, the IBP 
representatives pointed out that the large potential finds announced 
in Tupi (5-8 billion barrels of oil equivalent) and Carioca (33 
billion barrels of oil equivalent) represent a small sampling of the 
oil and gas reserves that may lie in the pre-salt area, which is 
2000 to 3000 meters (6,000-10,000 feet) below sea level and could 
yield more than 80 billion boe - a find that would rival the North 
Sea and secure Brazil's place in the global arena as a major energy 
 
RIO DE JAN 00000165  002 OF 002 
 
 
producer.  Given Brazil's leadership in ultra-deep E&P technology, 
it could easily handle depths of that magnitude; however, 
exploration in the pre-salt area may strain Brazil's exploration 
capabilities.  They also noted that while the intellectual capital 
for E&P lies with U.S. companies, DoE technology would be of 
considerable value to Brazil. 
 
6. (U) The Ambassador offered to explore the idea of a visit by DoE 
technical experts to assess what resources DoE might be able to 
offer in support of Brazil's expressed desire to explore the Santos 
Basin, and to prepare for Secretary Bodman's visit. 
 
PETROBRAS PLANS TO BECOME A GLOBAL ENERGY SUPPLIER 
--------------------------------------------- ----- 
 
7. (U) Ambassador Sobel and Denis Bovin, a member of the President's 
Intelligence Advisory Board, met with Petrobras' new International 
Operations Director Jorge Zelada to discuss what role the USG might 
play in supporting Petrobras' E&P and distribution of oil and gas 
discoveries in the Santos Basin, and Petrobras' investment in the 
United States.  Zelada explained that Petrobras is seeking to 
strengthen its position as a global energy supplier.  Its board is 
currently determining how to best achieve that goal given challenges 
presented by geology, technological limits and resource 
restrictions, and should have a revised five-year plan by the end of 
2008. 
 
8. (U) Every year, the Petrobras board conducts a mid-year 
assessment.  This year, the board is reconsidering resource 
allocations between domestic and international operations for the 
next five years.  According to Zelada, the discoveries in the Santos 
Basin will affect how and where Petrobras invests abroad.  He 
asserted that Petrobras will continue to grow as a global energy 
company, but may have to refocus and refine some of its 
international activities.  It is prioritizing West Africa, the Gulf 
of Mexico, Nigeria, and Angola. 
 
9. (SBU) Responding to the Ambassador's concerns with Petrobras' 
activities in the Iran and the Caspian, Zelada explained that 
Petrobras understood and was sensitive to those concerns.  He echoed 
Samir Awad's assertions (Ref B) that Petrobras was unlikely to renew 
or seek new contracts in Iran. 
 
10. (U) Zelada went on to affirm that the US$5 billion Petrobras has 
invested in the United States (out of US$15 billion internationally) 
is likely to increase and will be part of an overall integrated 
refining strategy.  (Note: Petrobras produces mainly heavy crude and 
must import light crude for refining. End Note).  Petrobras is 
adapting its refineries to work more with light crude to address a 
production surplus in Brazil.  Zelada said that Petrobras is trying 
to acquire the other 50 percent of the Pasadena refinery in Houston 
to alleviate refining pressure in Brazil and referred to the new 
Pernambuco refinery, which is a joint venture between Petrobras and 
PDVSA, Venezuela's state-owned oil company. 
 
11. (U) Ambassador suggested that when in Washington, Petrobras 
executives meet with Senator Lugar, and that they meet with 
Secretary Chertoff and Secretary Bodman during their visits to 
Brazil. The Ambassador also offered to look into the possibility of 
bringing in USG resources and technology to complement Petrobras' 
efforts. 
 
COMMENT 
------- 
 
12. (U) Comment: The recent discoveries in the Santos Basin have 
created a golden opportunity for the United States to deepen its 
strategic relationship with Brazil's public and private sector to 
ensure global energy security.  To the extent that we can, we should 
encourage U.S. resources to support Brazil's E&P efforts in the 
Santos Basin.  No doubt key officials in the Brazilian government 
and Petrobras board would appreciate the offers of technological 
support and partnership to allay fears of the United States not 
respecting Brazil's sovereignty.  Such a partnership could also 
offer additional strategic benefits in terms of joint E&P efforts 
around the globe.  Additionally, positive engagement in this dynamic 
area at the early stages of exploration could reap benefits both in 
terms of enhancing U.S. energy security, as well as continuing to 
improve the bilateral relationship through cooperation in an area of 
mutual interest. 
 
MARTINEZ