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Viewing cable 07NICOSIA651, TALAT FINALLY BLINKS; DEMINING TO RESTART IN CYPRUS

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
07NICOSIA651 2007-08-08 12:07 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Nicosia
VZCZCXRO4600
RR RUEHDBU RUEHFL RUEHKW RUEHLA RUEHROV RUEHSR
DE RUEHNC #0651/01 2201207
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
R 081207Z AUG 07
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 8054
INFO RUEHZL/EUROPEAN POLITICAL COLLECTIVE
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 0917
RUEHBS/USEU BRUSSELS
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 03 NICOSIA 000651 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR EUR/SE 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 08/04/2017 
TAGS: PREL UNFICYP MOPS MASS CY TU
SUBJECT: TALAT FINALLY BLINKS; DEMINING TO RESTART IN CYPRUS 
 
 
Classified By: Ambassador Ronald L. Schlicher, Reasons 1.4 (b), (d) 
 
1.  (C) SUMMARY:  European Commission and UN Development 
Program officials July 30 signed an agreement that allows 
humanitarian demining activities in the Cypriot Buffer Zone 
to continue, hopefully to their conclusion.  Financing for 
operations, approximately four million euro, will come from 
the European Union's 259 million euro assistance package for 
the Turkish Cypriot community.  The agreement ended a 
lengthy, acrimonious impasse that had threatened the EU-led 
demining mission which, along with Committee for Missing 
Persons, represents one of the few Cyprus Problem-related 
bright spots of recent years.  In backbriefs with Embassy 
personnel, UNFICYP officials recounted tough negotiations to 
break the logjam, with the UN and EU arrayed against T/C 
leadership and the local Turkish Forces command; only the 
international side's brinkmanship convinced Turkish Cypriot 
leader Mehmet Ali Talat to drop opposition to utilizing the 
four million -- "money the EU had intended solely to benefit 
the T/C community" -- for the bi-communal project.  Deminers, 
who were to depart Cyprus the week of August 6, instead will 
deploy to "unowned" (by neither the Greek Cypriot National 
Guard nor the Turkish Forces/Turkish Cypriot Forces) 
minefields and commence preparatory work immediately. 
Meanwhile, UNFICYP will continue efforts to negotiate a 
protocol extension with the TF/TCF to allow remediation of 
Turkish-lain minefields in the Buffer Zone.  While hesitant 
to read too much into Talat's about-face on the four million, 
we nonetheless hope the move signifies a renewed willingness 
to move forward and make "sacrifices" that benefit both 
Cypriot communities.  END SUMMARY. 
 
--------------------------------------------- ----- 
Minefields a Vivid Reminder of Unresolved Conflict 
--------------------------------------------- ----- 
 
2.  (U) Minefields dot and abut the 120-mile-long Buffer Zone 
that divides Cyprus east to west, planted by both Greek 
Cypriot and Turkish/Turkish Cypriot forces.  In its 
most-recent (2006) country report, the influential journal 
"Landmine Monitor" (icbl.org/lm) published historical UNFICYP 
statistics that revealed 101 mined areas on the island at the 
cease-fire of hostilities in August 1974, 53 within the BZ. 
Two mine action centers currently operate on Cyprus.  One 
functions under the command of the GCNG Engineer Corps, and 
has responsibility both for clearing fields outside the 
Buffer Zone and for implementing Cypriot obligations under 
the international Mine Ban Treaty. 
 
3.  (U) Demining within the Buffer Zone falls under the 
supervision of the Mine Action Center in Cyprus (MAC-C), 
founded in 2004.  MAC-C is part of the EU's Partnership for 
the Future Program (PFF) and is implemented by UNDP.  In 
2004, the European Commission allocated four million euro to 
fund land mine removal and later added another million. 
MAC-C operations commenced in late 2004 with the clearance of 
a dozen GCNG-lain fields; its successes allowed the opening 
of the BZ crossing point at Astromeritis/Bostanci, 40 miles 
west of Nicosia.  After UNFICYP inked an accord with the TF, 
MAC-C commenced demining Turkish-lain fields in August 2005, 
concentrating in and around the capital.  UNFICYP declared 
the Nicosia vicinity mine-free in a widely-attended ceremony 
in November 2006.  According to MAC-C Project Manager Michael 
Raine, as of August 2007 his teams had cleared a total of 25 
fields and 2.2 million square meters of terrain. 
 
--------------------------- 
This Money's Not Bicommunal 
--------------------------- 
 
4.  (C) Along with the UN Committee for Missing Persons -- 
which last month began returning to families the remains of 
individuals going missing during the span of the Cyprus 
conflict -- we can think of few bicommunal initiatives 
enjoying greater success than demining.  Despite this, the 
program faced a terminal threat from funding shortfalls in 
late 2006.  Its operations having drawn down the European 
Commission's initial allotment, MAC-C halted minefield 
clearance in January 2007 and demobilized most of its 
sappers, retaining only limited staff to respond to priority 
tasks such as unexploded ordnance (UXO) 
inspection/remediation work at the proposed Ledra Street BZ 
crossing.  Local EU and UN officials believed they had found 
a solution, however, after winning Brussels's approval to 
utilize for demining four million of the 259 million euro 
assistance package for Turkish Cypriots. 
 
5.  (C) Talat was not buying, however.  Brussels intended the 
long-delayed direct aid package to benefit the T/C community 
 
NICOSIA 00000651  002 OF 003 
 
 
solely, he protested; the money should not fund bicommunal 
programs like demining.  Sensing most Turkish Cypriots felt 
similarly, he went public with his complaints.  EU member 
state diplomats we consulted claimed that Talat had dubious 
legal or procedural grounds to dictate or prohibit discrete 
disbursements from the 259m fund.  Nonetheless, a donor body 
that functions on consensus and harmony plainly was hamstrung 
by its obstinate recipient, and the proposed four million 
euro transfer sat.  Subsequent hard lobbying by UNFICYP 
staff, local EU personnel, the European Commission, and even 
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon proved incapable of budging 
Talat an inch. 
 
-------------- 
A Change Afoot 
-------------- 
 
6.  (C) There had seemed little cause for optimism when, on 
July 27, UNFICYP chief Michael Moller telephoned the 
Ambassador with good news.  That morning, Talat had notified 
Moller that, "after deep consideration," he had agreed the EU 
could fund demining ops from the EU-T/C aid package.  UN 
military leaders were rushing to conclude arrangements with 
local TF commanders to allow activities to commence, Moller 
revealed, hoping the Turks would erect no further roadblocks. 
 
7.  (U) UNDP and PFF signed an accord on July 30, elements of 
which broke publicly two days later.  According to media 
accounts, the additional four million euro would allow the 
completion of demining activities in the BZ.  UNFICYP 
welcomed the arrangement in an optimistically-worded press 
release.  "We commend the ongoing financial support provided 
by the European Commission to continue the important task of 
rendering the Buffer Zone free of all mines and ultimately 
returning the land to civilian use," the communication read. 
 
-------------------------------------- 
Finger of Blame Brings Change of Heart 
-------------------------------------- 
 
8.  (C) "This was not the generals here backing off, but 
rather a political decision from Ankara," deduced UNFICYP DCM 
Wlodek Cibor August 1.  Uncertain what had driven the change, 
Cibor surmised that the AKP's big victory July 22 might have 
given Turkish PM Erdogan some wiggle room to allow Talat more 
flexibility.  Some uncharacteristic EU and UN brinkmanship 
also had played a great part, however.  At the highest 
levels, European Union officials had pressed Turkey and the 
Turkish Cypriots that, should Talat not accept the funding 
transfer, the deminers would close shop completely, an 
embarassing development.  On the UN track, UNFICYP elevated 
the issue to Assistant SYG for Peacekeeping Operations Hedi 
Annabi's level.  Annabi recently summoned Turkish Permanent 
Representative Baki Ilkin to discuss demining, Cibor 
continued.  "Should the program be suspended, there would be 
far-reaching consequences, and the UN would be forced to 
publicly lay blame on the Turkish side" headlined Annabi's 
message.  Ilkin initially responded by pleading for more 
time; evidently, his subsequent report to bosses in Ankara 
underpinned the eventual about-face. 
 
9.  (C) The majority of remaining minefields in the Buffer 
Zone belonged to the TF/TCF, Cibor noted.  Yet MAC-C 
attention to these fields could not commence until UNFICYP 
secured extension of the governing protocol from local 
commanders.  He did not expect an easy negotiation.  While 
UNFICYP's mandate in the BZ as laid out in its 1989 aide 
memoire lay in returning property to its original use, the 
Turkish side believed this departure from the status quo 
potentially hazardous.  They pointed to repeated incidents of 
Greek Cypriots "provocatively" farming their plots in the 
zone north of UNFICYP's own "Farming Security Line," actions 
that had sometimes sparked confrontations.  Nonetheless, 
UNFICYP was not about to backtrack its mandate, Cibor argued. 
 Despite worries of a tough fight, he thought the sides 
eventually would reach agreement. 
 
10.  (C) Meanwhile, MAC-C experts would begin preparatory 
work on remediating the six or seven "unowned" BZ minefields. 
 Three lay close to the G/C cease-fire lines; they would 
receive attention first.  UNFICYP intended to alert the 
Turkish side of the work; there was no legal/procedural 
necessity to seek the TF's express clearance, but Cibor 
expected to receive protests nonetheless.  MAC-C chief Raine 
asserted that his Mozambican sappers would deploy en masse 
the moment that UNFICYP landed the agreement with the Turkish 
side. 
 
--------------------------- 
 
NICOSIA 00000651  003 OF 003 
 
 
Sign of Better Times Ahead? 
--------------------------- 
 
11.  (C) COMMENT:  Talat's latest tirade over demining 
funding, thankfully OBE'd, was but one of a series of 
tantrums that have left us wondering where the grownups went 
in northern Cyprus.  His ungrateful behavior towards 
benefactors and allies in Brussels appeared particularly 
egregious and self-damaging, however.  Still miffed over the 
European Union's inability to pass a direct trade regulation 
owing to Greek Cypriot opposition, Talat has chosen to view 
the direct aid package -- at 1000 euro per capita, generous 
beyond belief -- as the booby prize, the "least the EU could 
do."  And by attempting to dictate what Brussels could and 
could not fund, he showed a not unexpected naivete of how 
real countries do assistance (mostly, Turkey just signs 
checks).  The optimists hope Talat has realized that western 
aid comes with strings attached, and that intransigence and 
bluster won't buy him scissors.  More broadly, we hope this 
too-long-delayed but sensible turn on demining presages his 
abandonment of at least some of the self-defeating 
obstructionism he has displayed over the prior eight months. 
SCHLICHER