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Viewing cable 06AMMAN8967, WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOR: UPDATE

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06AMMAN8967 2006-12-18 14:47 2011-08-30 01:44 UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Embassy Amman
VZCZCXYZ0105
PP RUEHWEB

DE RUEHAM #8967/01 3521447
ZNR UUUUU ZZH
P 181447Z DEC 06
FM AMEMBASSY AMMAN
TO RUEHC/DEPT OF LABOR WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 6212
INFO RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA PRIORITY 0549
UNCLAS AMMAN 008967 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SENSITIVE 
SIPDIS 
 
PASS USTR/AROSENBERG 
STATE FOR DRL/IL - TU DANG 
ALSO FOR NEA/ELA 
DOL/ILAB FOR TINA MCCARTER 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ELAB EIND ETRD PHUM SOCI USAID PREL JO
SUBJECT: WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOR:  UPDATE 
 
REF: A. STATE 184972 B. 05 AMMAN 06925 
 
1. (SBU) In response to ref A, Post has contacted appropriate 
ministries and NGOs in order to update Ref B reporting on the 
worst forms of child labor in Jordan, and the efforts in 
place to combat them.  The bulk of the information reported 
in Ref b remains accurate, and the worst forms of child 
labor, as defined in ILO convention 182, are rare in Jordan. 
Following is updated information on current initiatives to 
combat child labor in Jordan, grouped by the source 
organization and subject: 
 
2. (U) IRC:  The Information and Resource Center (IRC) of the 
King Hussein Foundation was originally established by Queen 
Noor in1995 as the National Task Force for Children.  The IRC 
has been conducting research on child labor for over one 
year. In 2004, with funding from the Swiss Embassy in Amman, 
the IRC undertook an effort focused on street children in 
Irbid, a large city in northern Jordan, with a goal of 
expanding the effort to areas of Amman.  As of yet, there are 
no published results. 
 
3. (U)  Questscope: UK-based Questscope, in coordination with 
the Ministries of Labor (MOL), Education (MOE), and Social 
Development (MoSD), implemented four projects aimed at 
eliminating child labor.  All four focus on underprivileged 
children and those detained at juvenile centers. 
 
-- The first project provides adult mentors for "at-risk" 
youth.  The mentor and child meet weekly for one-on-one 
activities, and groups of mentors and children regularly go 
on recreational outings or meet for educational activities. 
The project considers each child's experience and specific 
needs in partnering with organizations whose resources match 
individual cases.  The World Bank funded the mentoring 
program until April 2005.  The program is still operating, 
though in a scaled-back manner, while Questscope seeks 
additional funding. 
 
-- The second project is dubbed "Earn & Learn."  Citing 
statistics that suggest some children provide 40% of their 
families' income, often through menial work and potentially 
dangerous jobs, the project aims to teach them vocational 
skills to help them attain higher grades of employment.  The 
children start by participating in informal education classes 
after normal working hours to earn a diploma from the MOE. 
Those that earn the diploma are guaranteed one year of 
vocational training.  The Earn & Learn project is funded by 
the European Union and sponsored by the MOE. Currently, 200 
dropouts are taking part in the education classes, and there 
are ten vocational training centers set up for the graduates. 
 Jordan's Development and Employment Fund provides 
microfinance assistance to participants, enabling them to 
start their own businesses. 
 
-- The third project is similar to the "Earn and Learn" 
program.  "Educating Dropouts" is a 24-month informal 
education program for students who have dropped out of high 
school.  Implemented in September 2006, 10 schools and 31 
teachers are involved in the program, which offers courses in 
six core areas (English, Arabic, Religion, Math, Sciences, 
and Social Skills), provides a certificate that is the 
equivalent of a high school degree, and which enables the 
students to enroll in specialized vocational courses. 
 
-- The fourth project is a partnership initiative with the 
Greater Amman Municipality in which four charitable societies 
have opened their spaces to offer classes for underprivileged 
children.  The Municipality offers funding, and the classes 
are for children who have been truant for 6-8 months or who 
are considered "drop-outs". 
 
4. (SBU) The National Council for Family Affairs (NCFA): The 
NCFA was established by royal decree, and started official 
operations in 2001.  In November 2006, the NCFA in 
conjunction with the Ministry of Labor (MOL) announced a new 
National Strategy to combat child labor.  They are currently 
drafting an Action Plan, which they expect to release in 
January 2007.  Also in January, they plan to publish a report 
on Child Labor in Jordan, which they have researched with 
UNICEF.  The NCFA shares the original mandate of the National 
Task Force for Children to advance the interests of Jordanian 
youth.  The NCFA, however, has the expanded goal of ensuring 
a better life for Jordanian families.  The NCFA is 
quasi-governmental, and provides policy recommendations and 
advocacy.  It also facilitates coordination between the GOJ 
 
and the NGO community.  The issue of child labor falls under 
the responsibility of the Childhood Unit at the NCFA, and it 
has worked hand in hand with Questscope on both the mentoring 
and Earn & Learn projects. 
 
5. (U) Ministry of Labor (MOL): In November 2006, the MOL and 
the NCFA launched a National Strategy on Child Labor in 
Jordan, and established a committee to combat child labor 
consisting of representatives from the Ministries of Labor, 
Education, and Planning as well as the National Center for 
Human Rights (NCHR).  Among its recommendations: that the 
Ministry of Interior enhance the Penal Code and the 2006 
Juvenile Code to criminalize begging by children under age 
16, and to change the rules governing the assistance given to 
poor families from the National Aid Fund by the Ministry of 
Social Development.  The National Agenda for reform 
(published in January, 2006) has set aside 500,000 JD for 
2007 to tackle the problem of child labor, and plans to hire 
labor inspectors (with authority to arrest) to inspect work 
places, and to take 16-18 year olds to Vocational Training 
Centers that offer free training courses. 
 
6. (SBU) International Labor Organization (ILO): In January 
2004, the MOL announced a US$1 million ILO project to combat 
child labor in Jordan.  The project was to be implemented in 
coordination with the MOE and MoSD, and aimed to rehabilitate 
working children under 18 years of age, sending them back to 
school while helping their families to earn a living.  The 
project set the lofty goal of benefiting 500 families within 
three years.  To date, this project has barely gotten off the 
ground.  The current ILO administrator says that her 
predecessor had trouble organizing the project, but that work 
on a rehabilitation center is ongoing.  At the end of 2005, 
the ILO inaugurated the National Program to Eliminate Child 
Labor in Jordan. This program is operated in conjunction with 
the Ministries of Labor, Education, Social Development, and 
Industry and Commerce, as well as the Jordan Chamber of 
Industry, the General Federation of Jordanian Trade Unions, 
and the Jordanian Hashemite Fund for Human Development. 
Currently there are two schools operating under the program, 
which teaches, in addition to general education, English and 
computer skills.  The school for girls is in Zarqa and the 
school for boys is in Sahab.  The ILO has also worked closely 
with Questscope in Zarqa on the "Educating Drop-outs" 
program. 
 
7. (U) SCREAM - Stop Child Labor: The Ministry of Labor's 
Child Labor Unit (CLU) initiated this ILO-IPEC (International 
Program on the Elimination of Child Labor) program to raise 
the awareness of young people about child labor. NOTE: 
According to a 2002 CLU study, 32,000 children are working 
throughout Jordan. END NOTE.  The program consists of 14 
modules in arts, education, and media.  It conducted its 
first workshop in June 2004 to train 38 educators and 
volunteers on child labor and its negative consequences. 
Since then, it has conducted subsequent workshops at public 
universities in Jordan.  The CLU is now working on an 
initiative to introduce the SCREAM modules in private 
universities, with the goal of incorporating them in a formal 
degree program on child protection studies. 
 
8. (U) Pending Legislation: Jordan has signed the UN 
Convention on the Rights of the Child, and it was endorsed by 
Parliament in October 2006.  A new draft bill on Child's 
Rights, Development and Protection is on the agenda for the 
current session of Parliament.  In 2003, King Abdullah issued 
a royal decree increasing the minimum age of workers to 18, 
and the Ministry of Labor has issued instructions to its 
inspectors to enforce this change.  Jordan has ratified ILO 
convention 138 which raises the minimum working age to 18, 
and ILO Convention 182, which calls for the elimination of 
the worst forms of child labor. 
 
9. (SBU) The National Center for Human Rights (NCHR), the 
NCFA, and UNICEF are jointly working on addressing child 
labor on two fronts: through the pending child rights law, 
and by amending current laws.  Current labor law does provide 
some measure of protection for working children.  It limits 
the workday of a minor (defined as under 18) to six hours, 
and provides for a one-hour break after four continuous hours 
of work.  Also, working hours for children must be between 
6:00am and 8:00pm.  In practice, this law is not always 
strictly observed.  The same 2002 CLU report revealed that 19 
percent of children worked at least 10-hour days. 
 
10. (SBU) The street scene: Child beggars are present on some 
streets in Amman.  Some of these children are reportedly 
forced to beg by their parents.  While there is no empirical 
evidence of sexual abuse, there are suspicions among the NGO 
community that this does occur, however infrequently.  These 
children are vulnerable to exploitation, both by their 
families and by those who seek to employ them.  The Ministry 
of Social Development's (MoSD) anti-vagrancy campaign works 
to detain and investigate the child beggars, and to prosecute 
those who exploit them.  According to the MoSD, on average 20 
child beggars are rounded up daily.  Detained children must 
be picked up by a parent or guardian. However, there is 
currently no fine or penalty assessed against the parents. 
Consequently, there is no financial incentive for families to 
keep their children from returning to the street.  A 
USAID-funded short-term assessment team has also discovered 
instances of children working in textile factories in the 
Qualified Industrial Zones (QIZs). 
 
 
Visit Amman's Classified Web Site at 
http://www.state.sgov.gov/p/nea/amman/ 
RUBINSTEIN