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Viewing cable 06RABAT1984, WESTERN SAHARA: TECHNOCRAT TAKES THE REINS OVER

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06RABAT1984 2006-10-23 13:30 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Embassy Rabat
VZCZCXRO7313
RR RUEHBC RUEHDE RUEHKUK
DE RUEHRB #1984/01 2961330
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
R 231330Z OCT 06
FM AMEMBASSY RABAT
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 5017
INFO RUEHEE/ARAB LEAGUE COLLECTIVE
RUEHCL/AMCONSUL CASABLANCA 2282
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 0627
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 02 RABAT 001984 
 
SIPDIS 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL: 10/23/2016 
TAGS: PGOV PHUM PREL MA WI
SUBJECT: WESTERN SAHARA: TECHNOCRAT TAKES THE REINS OVER 
RESTIVE TERRITORY 
 
REF: A. RABAT 1983 
     B. RABAT 1982 
     C. RABAT 1976 
     D. RABAT 1975 
     E. RABAT 1963 
 
Classified by Political Counselor Craig Karp for reasons 1.4 
(b) and (d). 
 
1. (C) Summary: The newly appointed Wali (governor) of 
Layoune, territorial seat of Western Sahara, told visiting 
Embassy team he was sent to build up the Sahara rather than 
impose order.  Polcouns underscored the U.S. view that an 
agreed settlement was the best way forward and emphasized 
that any autonomy plan put together by Morocco would need 
buy-in from skeptical Sahrawis.  Polcouns urged that the GOM 
seek ways to counter local perceptions of heavy-handed 
policing, an idea the Wali took on board.  Coincidentally, an 
elite national police unit with a bad reputation in Western 
Sahara (and elsewhere) was dissolved by the GOM two days 
after our conversation.  End summary. 
 
2. (SBU) M'hammed Dryef, the newly appointed governor 
("Wali") of Layoune, and surrounding regions, encompassing 
most of the Western Sahara, received Polcouns, poloff, and 
Army Attache on the afternoon of October 13. Unlike his 
predecessor Driss Charki, Dryef's background is technocratic 
rather than security-focused.  He is an urban planner, 
trained in France.  Dryef has risen to the senior tier of the 
Moroccan civil service.  He previously served as the Wali in 
Fes and for the entire region of Casablanca, where he focused 
on urban development, before a stint in the Interior Ministry 
as coordinator of all the Walis. 
 
3. (C) Still glowing from his early October appointment, 
which included a formal ceremony officiated by the King, 
Dryef told us he was committed to improving economic 
opportunities for the people of Western Sahara and was 
optimistic about the prospects, particularly given the GOM's 
major investment of resources and effort in the area. 
 
4. (C) Polcouns asked whether the Wali's MOI inbriefs had 
included discussion of the ongoing GOM effort to design an 
autonomy plan for the territory.  The Wali admitted he had 
little detail to offer at this stage - autonomy blueprints 
were still being worked on by CORCAS (the Royal Commission on 
Sahrawi Affairs) and discussed in Rabat.  He acknowledged 
that greater local control of governance in Western Sahara 
was highly desirable, but cautioned that the issue was one of 
great sensitivity in the broader Moroccan political context. 
The GOM simply could not afford to devise and implement with 
haste an autonomy plan. 
 
5. (C) Polcouns underlined the U.S. view that an agreed, 
negotiated settlement was Morocco's best chance to escape the 
current impasse over Western Sahara.  We have been pressing 
the GOM on this point, he added.  The key was credibility - 
the plan should be detailed and offer a meaningful devolution 
of authority.  Polcouns cautioned the Wali that the native 
Sahrawi population would have to be won over.  Even before a 
plan is unveiled, concrete steps on the ground would need to 
be taken.  From our observations, many Sahrawis were 
alienated, with some referring to an "intifada" against 
Moroccan rule.  Even among the most pro-Morocco Sahrawis 
there was concern about the security forces and a desire for 
the Sahrawization of law and order. 
 
6. (C) The Wali asserted that of Layoune's 200,000 citizens, 
all but perhaps 500 "troublemakers" were law abiding, 
peaceful people.  He underscored that he was prepared to 
accept peaceful expressions of dissent but insisted that acts 
of violence and sabotage could not be tolerated.  He 
complained that the international media had focused on 
alleged police brutality in dealing with a pro-independence 
demonstration in Layoune, while overlooking the violent 
behavior of some of the demonstrators, who threw rocks, 
sticks, and Molotov cocktails at police and private property. 
 Just two days before there had been a sabotage attack on the 
Bou Craa phosphate conveyor belt (ref C). 
 
7. (C) Polcouns replied that the USG fully appreciated and 
supported his rejection of violent resistance but suggested 
that the Wali nonetheless look at creative ways to create 
domestic confidence building measures and counter the 
perception among Sahrawis of heavy-handed policing.  The GUS 
(the Groupement Urbaine de Surete) in particular has come in 
for criticism from locals, Polcouns noted, perhaps the Wali 
could conduct an experiment by pulling the GUS off their 
patrols for several days and seeing if it has a positive or 
negative impact.  The Wali welcomed the idea and promised to 
 
RABAT 00001984  002 OF 002 
 
 
give it consideration. 
 
8. (C) Note: Coincidentally, the GOM announced on October 16 
that it would be disbanding the GUS, which had been formed in 
2004 in an attempt to counter rising crime in Morocco's urban 
centers.  In the two years since its creation, the GUS has 
earned a bad reputation for brutality, and has been 
implicated in several deaths, including that of Sahrawi 
demonstrator Hamdi Lembarki in October 2005.  We also heard 
that Royal confidante and Minister-delegate of the Interior 
Fuad El-Himma led a high-level security delegation to meet 
with the Wali in Layoune, possibly in response to the October 
10 conveyor belt bombing (ref C).  End note. 
 
9. (C) On the margins, as requested by MINURSO, Polcouns 
mentioned to the Wali the UN's longstanding request for 
planning permission for some modest physical security 
measures for its Headquarters compound.  The Wali raised his 
own concerns about the sensitivity of the UN mission, but 
promised to look into the issue before his anticipated 
meeting with MINURSO acting head Gen. Mosgaard. 
 
10.(C) Comment: The appointment of a very senior urbanist 
like Dryef could itself be interpreted as a potential 
confidence building measure.  A self-assured leader, if given 
sufficient authority, he may be someone who could work a 
hearts and minds campaign.  The measures he puts in place 
will help shape the receptivity of the Sahrawis to the 
autonomy plan being worked out in Rabat.  End comment. 
 
 
****************************************** 
Visit Embassy Rabat's Classified Website; 
http://www.state.sgov.gov/p/nea/rabat 
****************************************** 
 
Riley