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Viewing cable 06TRIPOLI454, SENATOR SPECTER REVIEWS BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP WITH SENIOR

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
06TRIPOLI454 2006-08-31 15:03 2011-08-30 01:44 SECRET Embassy Tripoli
null
Brooke F Adams  09/05/2006 08:56:52 AM  From  DB/Inbox:  ECPO

Cable 
Text:                                                                      
                                                                           
      
S E C R E T        TRIPOLI 00454

SIPDIS
CXCAIRO:
    ACTION: ECON
    INFO:   PA POL IPS FCS FAS DCM AMB AID MGT

DISSEMINATION: ECON
CHARGE: PROG

VZCZCCRO689
RR RUEHEG
DE RUEHTRO #0454/01 2431503
ZNY SSSSS ZZH
R 311503Z AUG 06
FM AMEMBASSY TRIPOLI
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC 1143
INFO RUCPDOC/USDOC WASHDC 0014
RUEHEE/ARAB LEAGUE COLLECTIVE
RUEHTRO/AMEMBASSY TRIPOLI 1293
S E C R E T SECTION 01 OF 04 TRIPOLI 000454 
 
SIPDIS 
 
STATE FOR NEA/MAG, NEA/ELA, NEA/IPA 
LONDON FOR TSOU 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL:  8/28/2016 
TAGS: OREP PREL PTER PGOV LY
SUBJECT: SENATOR SPECTER REVIEWS BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP WITH SENIOR 
LIBYAN OFFICIALS 
 
CLASSIFIED BY: Elizabeth Fritschle, Pol/Econ Chief, United 
States Liaison Office, DOS. 
REASON: 1.4 (b), (d) 
 
 
 
 
1. (SBU) In a series of meetings with senior Libyan officials 
during his August 21-24 trip to Libya, Senator Arlen Spector, 
Chairman of the Senate Justice Committee, reviewed the bilateral 
relationship with senior Libyan officials and inquired about 
prospects for developing a "Libya model" that could be applied 
to North Korea or Iran.  The Libyans continued to claim, almost 
reflexively, that they "gave up everything and got nothing in 
return." The Senator, accompanied by CDA, Legislative Assistant 
Christopher Bradish and P/E Chief, met with the Libyan Leader 
Moammar Qadhafi, Libyan Director of Military Intelligence 
Abdullah Sanussi, Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the General 
Peoples Congress Suleiman Shihumi, Secretary of the General 
Peoples Committee of Justice Ali Hasnawi, Deputy Secretary of 
the General Peoples Committee for Foreign Liaison and 
International Cooperation (MFA equivalent) Hafiana, and 
Secretary of the General Peoples Congress (Prime Minister 
 
SIPDIS 
equivalent) al-Baghdadi al-Mahmoudi. The Senator's trip 
partially overlapped with the visit of Congressman Tom Lantos 
(septel) and several official meetings were combined. 
 
 
QADHAFI OPINES LIBYA IS THE ONLY COUNTRY THAT ENJOYS DIRECT 
DEMOCRACY 
--------------------------------------------- --- 
 
2. (C) Senator Specter and Congressman Lantos were scheduled for 
separate meetings with Qadhafi August 22, both at a desert 
encampment in the Sirte governorate.  The Specter delegation 
traveled by U.S. military aircraft to Sirte after all-night 
negotiations to get additional flight clearances for the plane 
to re-enter Libyan airspace and make the Tripoli-Sirte roundtrip 
segment.  The Libyan in charge of the CODEL schedules, Secretary 
of Foreign Affairs of the General People's Congress Suleiman 
Shihumi, chartered an Air Libya plane from Mitiga International 
Airport for the Lantos delegation. 
 
3.  (S) Qadhafi met with the entire Specter delegation after 
taking a break for evening prayers at the conclusion of his 
meeting with Congressman Lantos.  Qadhafi, clean-shaven and 
apparently in good health, exchanged pleasantries to open the 
session, but characteristically engaged in limited eye contact, 
focusing instead on the cement-lined pond with fountain located 
adjacent to his three-sided fabric tent while the Senator spoke. 
 While relying on his personal interpreter to translate, Qadhafi 
at times interjected comments in English, indicating that he 
understood almost all of the Senator's remarks. 
 
4.  (S) Specter expressed his hope that as democracy spread 
throughout the world, citing recent elections in Egypt and 
Afghanistan, that there would be democracy in Libya in the 
future.  Qadhafi, seemingly somewhat taken aback by this 
comment, launched into an extensive explanation of the 
Jamahiriya system of government, telling Senator Specter, "we 
are the sole country that enjoys direct democracy, we hope the 
U.S. becomes like Libya, it is the ultimate level of democracy 
where Libyans rule themselves instead of electing officials to 
represent them."  Qadhafi posited that the U.S. system did not 
reflect the will of the people, citing U.S. popular opinion 
against the war in Iraq as a reflection of what Libyans view as 
a disconnect between U.S. citizens and U.S. government policy. 
He continued, "there is no ill will between the Libyans and the 
Americans, the government imposed enmity during the time of 
Reagan...the personality of the President affects foreign policy 
but is not a reflection of the people's will.  Reagan attacked 
my house; killed my daughter and killed scores of Libyan people, 
but this is not the will of the American people."  Qadhafi told 
Senator Specter that he hoped basic peoples committees could be 
established in the U.S., as they had been in Libya.  Senator 
Specter told Qadhafi that in his opinion President Reagan did 
not have any personal animus, but rather responded directly to 
the Berlin disco bombing.  Qadhafi replied that he was turning a 
page and moving forward since international terrorism was now a 
common enemy, along with disease, environmental concerns, and 
other mutual interests. 
 
QADHAFI -- NEW CHANCERY SHOULD NOT BE USED AS PLATFORM TO 
ENCOURAGE OPPOSITION 
--------------------------------------------- ------------------- 
 
5.  (S)  Asked about the prospects for obtaining land to build 
an Embassy chancery, Qadhafi said, apparently half-seriously, 
"maybe the Libyans heard the Embassy will be a staging ground 
for opposition activities and counter-Libyan movements," and 
"maybe the Libyans don't want a big U.S. Embassy."  He 
continued, "people know that chanceries are for cooperation 
between states and diplomats shouldn't interfere in internal 
affairs, but people see U.S. embassies all over the world from 
other angles."  Charge challenged that view and highlighted that 
the Chancery was an important next step in the bilateral 
relationship.  (As reported septel, in other meetings Libyan 
leaders told Congressman Lantos that they were looking at 
alternate properties for siting a new Chancery on lots in 
downtown Tripoli.)  When the Senator enlisted Suleiman Shihumi's 
support for a new chancery so that U.S. citizens could visit 
Libya, help with job creation and re-energizing the Libyan 
economy, Shihumi replied, "we have survived for thirty years 
without U.S. money and had no problems." 
 
LIBYA MODEL - WE GAVE UP EVERYTHING AND GOT NOTHING IN RETURN 
------------------------- 
 
6. (S) Senator Specter noted the dramatic shift in U.S.-Libyan 
relations from the 1980s to now and asked if there was a model 
that could be applied to the U.S.-Iran relationship.  Qadhafi 
said that Libya urged both North Korea and Iran to give up their 
WMD programs, but that it had not convinced them because, "if 
you want Libya to be a model, Libya should get a reward."  When 
the Senator pressed for more specifics, Qadhafi claimed "the 
U.S. promised the U.S. and Britain would provide peaceful 
nuclear energy and Libya would be the Japan of North Africa 
through technical transfers.  But nothing happened.  Supposedly 
the U.S., EU and China were going to build us nuclear power 
stations, this is the reward we were hoping for." 
 
7.  (S)  In a thirty minute session with al-Baghdadi al-Mahmudi 
earlier in the day, Specter heard the continuing Libyan refrain 
that it could not serve as a model for continued engagement with 
North Korea and Iran to give up WMD programs.  Al-Mahmudi 
claimed that the Iranians scorned the Libyans for "giving up 
everything and getting nothing in return."  He called for more 
dialogue and cooperation, especially in terms of technology 
transfer.  (Embassy Comment:  This Libyan refrain has taken on 
aspects of a ritualistic incantation over the last two years and 
is usually a bid to put U.S. interlocutors at a disadvantage at 
the beginning of a conversation.  End Comment.) 
 
QADHAFI SEES WIDE RANGING TERRORIST THREAT 
-------------------------------------- 
 
8.  (S) Asked by Senator Specter about concerns regarding 
religious extremism, Qadhafi said that he was worried about 
terrorism worldwide -- from Somali religious courts, to 
Saudi-funded Wahabi movements spreading radicalism through the 
Horn of Africa all the way to Bali.  When Senator Specter asked 
how we could deal effectively with terrorists, Qadhafi smiled 
and said, "On the contrary, you support them; you support the 
Saudi royal family that funds Wahabi fundamentalists."  With 
regard to Somalia, Qadhafi referred to Libyan citizens who 
traveled to Saudi Arabia and were radicalized by the Wahabis and 
provided funding to start the Islamic Union Movement in 
Mogadishu. 
 
9.  (S) Qadhafi asked Specter, "why did the U.S. attack Iraq, 
when the basis of terrorism is the Saudis?"  He claimed that 
Iraq only became a haven for terrorists after the overthrow of 
Saddam Hussein, elaborating, "If Hussein were around then 
Zarqawi would not be able to operate."   Continuing his 
recurrent theme of the Wahabi threat, Qadhafi argued that the 
Saudis had made a deal with al-Qaeda operatives "not to direct 
violence against their own country".  He claimed that the Saudis 
offered support to al-Qaeda for its attacks on the U.S. and 
Israel if it would refrain from any further attacks in Saudi 
Arabia.  As evidence, Qadhafi cited a recent prisoner escape in 
Yemen claiming that the Saudis must have arranged for the 
Yemenis to release the captives in a "staged escape" because the 
prisoners "could never have dug a tunnel that long".  Qadhafi 
bolstered his claims by saying that the Saudis provided funding 
for the Bali bombings. 
 
10.  (S) Calling for the U.S. to stop engaging with the Saudi 
monarchy and to call for self-determination by the peoples of 
the Arabian Peninula, Qadhafi said, "don't go in militarily, but 
don't support the royal family."  When Specter asked, "what if 
it becomes another Iran?", Qadhafi replied, "anything is better 
than the current regime."  To follow up on this theme, Qadhafi's 
staff arranged for follow-on meetings for both Senator Spector 
and Congressman Lantos with Director of Military Intelligence 
Abdullah Sanussi the next morning. 
 
COUNTER TERRORISM COOPERATION HIGHLIGHTED BY MILITARY 
INTELLIGENCE 
--------------------------------------------- -------- 
 
11. (S) Libyan Director of Military Intelligence Abdullah 
Sanussi held a joint meeting with Congressman Lantos and Senator 
Specter on August 23, calling for increased cooperation in all 
aspects of our relationship, specifically technology and 
knowledge transfer.  He reiterated Qadhafi's deep concern with 
Wahabism and the Saudi government's purported link to Al-Qaeda. 
Sanussi stated that after 9/11, the GOL was perplexed by US 
behavior as they expected a "judgment day" for Saudi Arabia, 
home to a majority of the highjackers, not an invasion of 
Afghanistan and Iraq. Sanussi also took credit for the GOL 
putting Osama bin Laden on an Interpol watch list in 1997, 
showing that they had an inkling of events to come far in 
advance of 9/11. 
 
12. (S) When Senator Specter pressed Sanussi for solid proof 
linking Al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden to the Saudi government, 
Sanussi orchestrated a subsequent meeting between Congressman 
Lantos and Mohamed Ismail, a Libyan national imprisoned in Saudi 
Arabia for 10 months, charged with a plot to assassinate then 
Crown Prince Abdullah. The Lantos-Ismail discussions are 
reported septel. 
 
HASNAWI SAYS COURT CASES TO BE RESOLVED BY END OF YEAR 
--------------------------------------------- --------- 
 
13. (C) Secretary Ali Hasnawi of the General Peoples Committee 
for Justice told Senator Specter that Libya hoped to resolve all 
outstanding court cases by the end of the year.  He said that 
the lawyers were finalizing negotiations and he was optimistic 
about positive outcomes.  Regarding Lockerbie and other cases, 
Hasnawi said, "if the courts are involved, we will abide by the 
courts' ruling."  To the follow-up question, "how many will go 
to court and how many will settle," Hasnawi said that he hoped 
all the cases would be settled out of court.   Regarding the 
Bulgarian medics case, Hasnawi highlighted the humanitarian 
needs of the HIV-infected Libyans as well as the judicial 
procedures.  He speculated that it would take two or three 
months for a verdict to be reached in the current trial, 
depending on the defense requests to present additional 
witnesses or evidence.  (Embassy Comment:  That timetable seems 
to have accelerated with the court's August 29 hearing, since 
subsequent sessions are now scheduled at only one-week 
intervals, for September 5 and 12.)  Hasnawi assured Specter 
that the high-profile case was receiving the greatest attention 
by his legal experts and the Libyan leadership.  Charge noted 
our deep concern for the Benghazi children, that the USG offered 
medical assistance, and was involved in ongoing humanitarian 
efforts, including the Benghazi International Support Fund. 
 
14.  (C)  Asked for his opinion on the effectiveness of 
sanctions regimes, Hasnawi said that Libya suffered from 
isolation as communications with the outside world were reduced 
and air traffic was cut off.  He noted the financial impact of 
sanctions, especially through lost economic opportunities.  In 
terms of industrial capacity, he emphasized that the energy 
industry was not able to upgrade any of its facilities and major 
infrastructure investments were needed at this time.  Specter 
questioned what factors made Libya willing to reconsider its 
positions and renounce its WMD program.  Hasnawi, as did Libyan 
officials in other meetings, said it was Libya's aspiration to 
give its people a better way of life, a more secure future 
living in peace with other countries, that motivated the policy 
shift.  Secretary of International Cooperation of the General 
People's Committee for Foreign Liaison and International 
Cooperation Mohammed Siala, on the margins of another meeting, 
told Specter that Libya paid compensation for the Lockerbie 
bombing "as the price of ending UN sanctions and being able to 
re-engage with the rest of the world because the settlement cost 
as less than the revenue losses under sanctions." 
 
SHIHUMI CALLS FOR EXPANDING COMMON INTERESTS - BUT NO MEDDLING 
--------------------------------------------- ------------ 
 
15. (C) Secretary of the Foreign Relations Committee of the 
General Peoples Congress Suleiman Shihumi was the Libyan's 
official host for the Specter delegation.  Shihumi hosted a 
welcoming dinner at a restaurant next to the historic Marcus 
Aurelius Arch in the old city.   In his introductory meeting 
with the Senator, Shihumi emphasized that the Jamahiriya was a 
unique system of government suitable for the Libyan people; "it 
is not an easy system, but we are evolving and people 
participate at all levels."  Anticipating Qadhafi's later 
comments about terrorism, Shihumi called for an international 
conference to identify the root causes and clarify the 
difference between terrorism and the right of people to defend 
themselves.  He said that Libya was interested in developing 
broad ties with the U.S. based on common interests, but without 
any meddling in internal affairs. 
 
LIBYANS DO NOT SEE THE U.S. AS AN UNBIASED PLAYER IN MIDDLE EAST 
----------------------------- 
 
16. (C)   Shihumi, in response to the Senator's presentations on 
U.S. policies and priorities in the region, said that "the 
scales the U.S. uses in the Middle East are not balanced," 
continuing, "the U.S. ignored the recent killings at Qana while 
complaining about other strikes in Israel."  Shihumi gave the 
Libyan perspective that it would take dramatic steps to resolve 
the current Lebanese-Israeli conflict; "it has given radicals 
every incentive to act and will only create more Usama Bin 
Ladens."  He claimed that Israel was able to act with impunity 
since "it has the support and political cover of the U.S. -- it 
is not looking for compromise solutions."  Shihumi claimed that 
"all Muslims and Arabs" feel the same way.   Senator Specter 
reviewed the many successful U.S. efforts in the interests of 
peace in the region and said that the U.S. was prepared to talk 
and listen to concerns.  While the U.S. was involved in a wide 
range of initiatives and peace negotiations, Specter also called 
for Qadhafi and others to play a constructive role. 
 
ADVOCACY FOR BOEING AIRCRAFT IN EVERY MEETING 
----------------------------------- 
 
17. (SBU) Senator Specter advocated on behalf of Boeing in each 
of his sessions, stressing the firm's competitive advantages. 
Most Libyan officials welcomed the U.S. interest in commercial 
aircraft sales, but did not offer any substantive response. 
(Embassy Comment:  Mohammed Siala had previously told Embassy 
that he thought Libya will most likely purchase equipment from 
both Boeing and Airbus.  End Comment.) 
 
18. (SBU) Congressman Lantos and Senator Specter did not clear 
this cable before departing Tripoli. 
BERRY