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Viewing cable 05CALCUTTA454, GOI SEES IMMIGRATION FROM BANGLADESH AS NATIONAL SECURITY

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Reference ID Created Released Classification Origin
05CALCUTTA454 2005-12-16 12:38 2011-08-30 01:44 CONFIDENTIAL Consulate Kolkata
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 04 CALCUTTA 000454 
 
SIPDIS 
 
DEPT FOR SA/INS 
 
E.O. 12958: DECL:  12/12/2015 
TAGS: PGOV PHUM PINR SOCI IN XE PTER
SUBJECT: GOI SEES IMMIGRATION FROM BANGLADESH AS NATIONAL SECURITY 
THREAT 
 
CLASSIFIED BY: Rosanna Minchew, Poloff, Pol, DOS. 
REASON: 1.4 (b) 
 
 
1.  (U)  Classified By: CG Henry V. Jardine for Reasons 1.4 (B, 
D) 
 
2.  (C)  Summary:  In recent meetings with Poloff, Indian 
security services in West Bengal described illegal immigration 
from Bangladesh as a serious national security threat.  The 
three major areas of concern for the officials were the 
significant rates of illegal immigration across the border, 
reported Bangladeshi support of insurgent groups like the United 
Liberation Front of Assam (ULFA) in Northeast India and the 
radicalization of political Islam.  Complicating factors are 
rampant corruption amongst Border Security Forces (BSF) and 
alleged Left Front support for migration to gain Muslim votes. 
There is now a substantial Muslim community along the border 
which authorities fear may become radicalized as religious 
fundamentalism gains more support in Bangladesh.  A mushrooming 
of madrassas, increased communal violence against Hindus and 
fundamentalist intolerance is of particular concern to BSF 
authorities, who believe radical elements are using the 
madrassas to recruit young men.  Muslim activists recognize that 
the population is vulnerable to radicalization, noting that it 
is an economically deprived, educationally backward and socially 
handicapped community.  However, they maintain that the 
community is non-violent and that the government of West Bengal 
has failed to provide them a basic education.  Indian security 
officials are frustrated by the deterioration of security in 
Bangladesh and the consequences for West Bengal, which 
politicians are unwilling to debate publicly for fear of 
alienating Muslim voters.  Authorities spoke candidly with U.S. 
officials on the issue and, to some extent, shared their 
intelligence on the threat from Bangladesh.  Indian authorities 
and the impoverished Muslim community would welcome increased 
USG attention to humanitarian conditions and radical elements in 
Bangladesh to help prevent fundamentalism from gaining a 
stronghold in India.  End Summary. 
 
A Uniquely Porous Border 
--------------------------- 
 
3.  (SBU)  Representatives of Indian security forces Dilip 
Mitra, Inspector General of Police, Intelligence, Pradeep 
Chattopadhyah, Deputy Commissioner of Police and B. B. Nandi, 
retired Deputy Director of the Research and Analysis Wing 
candidly related to Poloff their concern that criminal and 
radical Islamic elements are taking advantage of the porous land 
border between West Bengal and Bangladesh to infiltrate into 
India.  In addition, a border distinction at the local level is 
artificial because communities on both sides share historical, 
cultural and linguistic ties.  Further, BSF guards are 
notoriously corrupt and often accept bribes from immigrants 
crossing the border illegally.  The opposition also accuses the 
Left Front of giving immigrants instant citizenship and voting 
rights to maintain and gain support within the Muslim community. 
 Additional BSF forces have been deployed in response to the 
numbers of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants coming to India and a 
security fence, currently 60% complete, is under construction. 
Mitra said that an increased number of BSF guards and the 
security fence were not having a measurable impact on criminals 
trafficking in drugs, people and weapons. 
 
Concern:  Radical Islamic Elements Infiltrating 
--------------------------------------------- - 
 
4.  (C)  The Indian officials believe radical Islamic elements 
in Bangladesh enjoy a degree of protection from the government. 
The authorities are concerned that these elements have a 
strategic, long-term plan to take advantage of the porous border 
to infiltrate India and provide support to insurgent groups. 
Mitra said the police had information from unnamed sources that 
weapons for use by ULFA were brought in through the 
Bangladesh/India border.  Once inside India, radicals are able 
to gain influence in border communities, provide support to 
insurgent movements and use West Bengal as a launching pad to 
move within India or to travel internationally.   The three 
terrorist organizations of primary interest to Indian 
authorities monitoring the border are Jamat-ul-Mujahideen (JUM), 
Jagrata Muslim Janata, Bangladesh (JMJB) and Harkat-ul-Jehadi 
Islami (HUJI).  The contacts said, without identifying the 
groups, that terrorist organizations previously based in 
Afghanistan have moved their operations to Bangladesh where 
there is less international focus on the fundamentalist Islamic 
community.  They believe three events prompted these unspecified 
Afghanistan-based groups to move to Bangladesh; the events of 
September 11, 2001, the more conservative government gaining 
power in Bangladesh in early 2002 and U.S action in Afghanistan. 
 Chattopadhyah shared with Poloff the classified text of a 
report on terrorism in Bangladesh to demonstrate the sincerity 
of claims that Afghani-based terrorist elements had significant 
influence amongst Bangladesh-based groups .  The translated 
statements of an unnamed extremist leader in Bangladesh were 
included in the text and reads as follows:  "We shall become 
Taliban and Bangladesh will become Afghanistan." 
 
Security Services:  Border Community is Becoming Radicalized 
--------------------------------------------- ------------------ 
 
5.  (C)  Since 2001, Indian authorities have seen changes in the 
community near the border suggesting that radical Islamic 
elements enjoy increasing influence in the area.  For example, 
authorities noted what they describe as a "mushrooming" of 
madrassas on both the Indian and Bangladeshi side of the border. 
 The majority of these madrassas are not government regulated 
and they believe the schools are predominantly being used as 
recruitment facilities.  When asked how the madrassas were being 
funded, Mitra speculated that the Bangladeshi intelligence 
apparatus, under the influence of the Pakistani Inter-Services 
Intelligence Directorate was providing funding from 
petro-dollars and narco funds, although he had no concrete 
evidence.  When pressed for further details, Mitra said a group 
calling itself the Revival of Islamic Heritage (RIH) was also 
providing funding but did not elaborate on the source of his 
information.  Mitra claimed to know that, on the Bangladeshi 
side of the border, young men were being cloistered in mosques 
and madrassas during the day and conducting training activities 
at night.  Authorities have noted an increased number of 
training camps in Bangladesh.  On the Indian side of the border, 
there has been an escalation of violence against Hindus and 
fatwas threatening moderate voices.  Authorities reported an 
increase in rape cases of Hindu women by Muslim men which they 
believe is part of the long term strategy by radical Islamists 
to gain influence and numbers on the Indian side of the border. 
Mitra went as far as to say he believed the de facto border was 
approximately 5-10km inside of India. 
 
6.  (C)  Nandi and Mitra gave examples of fatwas issued by local 
mullahs designed to intimidate moderates and prevent authorities 
from recording an accurate number of Muslims in the communities. 
 Nandi told the story of a school teacher he knew in a border 
community who had asked for his advice and protection.  The 
teacher was a well known moderate and a fatwa had been issued 
offering a reward for his murder.  Mitra said that he had been 
asked by his superiors to travel to the border area for a 
first-hand account of the social climate.  He had noticed a 
disproportionate number of Hindu women to Muslim men.  He 
approached one of the women to ask about the imbalance and 
learned that the woman was, in fact, a Muslim.  She said she was 
obeying a fatwa ordering Muslim women to dress and adorn 
themselves as Hindus.  Mitra believed this was an effort by a 
growing radical Islamic element to camouflage itself in the 
community and to avoid detection. 
 
7.  (C)  Authorities are also concerned that militants could 
easily obtain Indian passports and disappear inside the country 
or use India as a launching pad for international travel. 
Bangladeshis can easily get fraudulent identification with the 
help of strong cultural ties and corrupt officials.  Indian 
authorities actively look for illegal immigrants to prosecute or 
return to Bangladesh.  In the case of one investigation, the 
police were led to Mumbai where they apprehended a man and 
confiscated four Indian passports. 
 
Muslim Community:  Border Area Particularly Poor and Ignored by 
GOI 
--------------------------------------------- -------------- 
---------------- 
 
8.  (SBU)  Muslim leaders in West Bengal, including Sultan 
Ahmed, ex-MLA, Mooruddin Ahmed, Founder Scretary of the 
Minority Educational Development Program, Suleman Khurshi and 
Muazzam Hossain also spoke candidly with Poloff about the social 
and political temperature of Muslim communities in the border 
areas.  They acknowledged growing numbers of madrassas but, 
unlike security services, believed they did not house radical 
elements.  They said faculty at the madrassas were generally not 
well educated but did provide a service that the government has 
been unable or unwilling to do.  When asked how the madrassas 
were being funded, they replied that contributions were 
solicited from the local community.  Interestingly, while Muslim 
community leaders do not believe that radical elements have 
taken over the border area, they do believe the community is 
vulnerable to political exploitation and radicalization due to 
extreme poverty and hopelessness.  Leaders voiced their concern 
that despite GOWB communist rhetoric of egalitarianism, the 
Muslims in the community continued to be treated like 
second-class citizens.  They said they would consider mobilizing 
behind an opposition party that was able to address their 
concerns and improve the lot of impoverished Muslims.  They also 
encouraged more American outreach in education and healthcare. 
 
Political Ramifications 
---------------------- 
 
9.  (U)  The deteriorating political climate in Bangladesh and 
the alarming number of illegal immigrants crossing the border 
are politically sensitive issues.  The Left Front depends on the 
Muslim vote to retain power and is unwilling to alienate Muslims 
in the area by more strictly enforcing border control.  On the 
other hand, the government has been unable to provide basic 
services to the community and improve their poverty stricken 
lives.  While the Chief Minister has publicly voiced concern 
about illegal immigration, the government of West Bengal has no 
concrete solution to the problem.  Further, the LF shifts blame 
for lack of effective border control to the central government, 
using the issue as leverage against the UPA at the center. 
Local opposition parties allege that the Left encourages illegal 
immigration to bolster its support base by offering immediate 
citizenship to immigrants, further complicating efforts to stem 
immigration and return illegal immigrants to Bangladesh.  Elite 
Muslims in Calcutta believe that the Left has been unable to 
improve their lot and would be willing to break with the party 
if a strong opposition emerged.  However, it is unclear how 
Muslim communities along the border would react to the emergence 
of a strong opposition. 
 
Comment 
---------- 
10.   (C)  There is a lack of political will to tighten India's 
border with Bangladesh, especially with West Bengal state 
elections coming in May 2006, and immigrants continue to flow 
across the border.  There are indications that some immigrants 
bring with them the radical Islamic views taking a foothold in 
Bangladesh.  Communal violence is increasing and fundamentalists 
are gaining influence as the demographics in border communities 
shift.  Indian security services worry about what they consider 
to be a strategic, long-term plan by radical Islamists to 
infiltrate India and to provide support to various insurgent 
groups in India like the ULFA.  They note a mushrooming of 
unsanctioned madrassas and an immigrant's ability to disappear 
inside India with easily obtained false identification.  There 
is consensus that the Muslim community is discriminated against 
and impoverished.  The government of West Bengal has not 
provided adequately for this marginalized community but 
continues to have their support and is unwilling to enforce 
border controls.  As a result, illegal immigration continues and 
fundamentalists gain influence in the area. 
JARDINE